scholarly journals A Probabilistic Classification Procedure Based on Response Time Analysis Towards a Quick Pre-Diagnosis of Student’s Attention Deficit

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hernaiz-Guijarro ◽  
J. C. Castro-Palacio ◽  
E. Navarro-Pardo ◽  
J. M. Isidro ◽  
P. Fernández-de-Córdoba
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Cognitive Disorder ◽  
Response Time Analysis ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Probabilistic Classification ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

A classification methodology based on an experimental study is proposed towards a fast pre-diagnosis of attention deficit. Our sample consisted of school-aged children between 8 and 12 years from Valencia, Spain. The study was based on the response time (RT) to visual stimuli in computerized tasks. The process of answering consecutive questions usually follows an ex-Gaussian distribution of the RTs. Specifically, we seek to propose a simple automatic classification scheme of children based on the most recent evidence of the relationship between RTs and ADHD. Specifically, the prevalence percentage and reported evidence for RTs in relation to ADHD or to attention deficit symptoms were taken as reference in our study. We explain step by step how to go from the computer-based experiments and through the data analysis. Our desired aim is to provide a methodology to determine quickly those children who behave differently from the mean child in terms of response times and thus are potential candidates to be diagnosed for ADHD or any another cognitive disorder related to attention deficit. This is highly desirable as there is an urgent need for objective instruments to diagnose attention deficit symptomatology. Most of the methodologies available nowadays lead to an overdiagnosis of ADHD and are not based on direct measurement but on interviews of people related to the child such as parents or teachers. Although the ultimate diagnosis must be made by a psychologist, the selection provided by a methodology like ours could allow them to focus on assessing a smaller number of candidates which would help save time and other resources.

Investigating the Adequacy of Response Time Outlier Definitions in Computer-Based Web Surveys Using Paradata SurveyFocus

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Karem Höhne ◽  
Stephan Schlosser
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Web Surveys ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Response Time Distributions ◽  
Proper Values ◽  
The Web

Web surveys are commonly used in social research because they are usually cheaper, faster, and simpler to conduct than other modes. They also enable researchers to capture paradata such as response times. Particularly, the determination of proper values to define outliers in response time analyses has proven to be an intricate challenge. In fact, to a certain degree, researchers determine them arbitrarily. In this study, we use “SurveyFocus (SF)”—a paradata tool that records the activity of the web-survey pages—to assess outlier definitions based on response time distributions. Our analyses reveal that these common procedures provide relatively sufficient results. However, they are unable to detect all respondents who temporarily leave the survey, causing bias in the response times. Therefore, we recommend a two-step procedure consisting of the utilization of SF and a common outlier definition to attain a more appropriate analysis and interpretation of response times.

scholarly journals Response Time Analysis of Messages in Controller Area Network: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardine Immaculate Mary ◽  
Z. C. Alex ◽  
Lawrence Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Controller Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Response Time Analysis ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Case Response

This paper reviews the research work done on the response time analysis of messages in controller area network (CAN) from the time CAN specification was submitted for standardization (1990) and became a standard (1993) up to the present (2012). Such research includes the worst-case response time analysis which is deterministic and probabilistic response time analysis which is stochastic. A detailed view on both types of analyses is presented here. In addition to these analyses, there has been research on statistical analysis of controller area network message response times.

A Method to Reduce Rural EMS Response Times

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Johnson ◽  
W. Ann Maggiore ◽  
David Ralph Davis
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Patient Assessment ◽  
Mean Response Time ◽  
Response System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
Made In

AbstractProlonged EMS response times are a significant problem in rural areas. In this study, VHF radios and personal medical kits were placed in the private vehicles of rescue squad members. By coordinating the responses using radios, higher level EMTs were sent directly to the scene to initiate patient assessment and other procedures while others proceeded to an unstaffed station to pick up the rescue truck.Using this response system, EMTs arrived at the scene prior to the rescue vehicle on 30 of 35 calls (85.7%). In 25 of 35 calls (71.4%), the first person at the scene was at an advanced EMT level even though the majority of responses (56%) were made by Basic EMTs (p<0.001). The mean response time for EMTs using privately owned vehicles was 9±4 minutes (means±SD) compared with 16±9 minutes for the rescue truck (p<0.01). There also was a significant difference in response times between the privately owned vehicles and the rescue truck when the time between the receipt of the call and the initial acknowledgement of response was measured (1±1 minutes vs. 7±3 minutes; p<0.01).An effective EMS response can be made in rural areas by sending EMTs directly to a scene in private vehicles. Providing EMTs with VHF radios and personal medical kits enhances this response.

scholarly journals Hemispheric lateralization of depression and attention deficit

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-411
Author(s):  
Büşra Sümeyye Arıca Polat ◽  
Akçay Övünç Özen ◽  
Ömer Karadaş
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Hemispheric Lateralization ◽  
Lesion Side ◽  
Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective:  There is a complex interaction among to the ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, cognition and depression. The aim of present study is to investigate the relationship between lesion side and depression and attention deficit in patients with Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) infarction. Methods: This study was conducted on 41 patients with right and left MCA infarction. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used for determination of depression severity of patients and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scoring was used for evaluation of cognitive status. Attention sub-test of MoCA score was also examined. Results: 20 patients had right MCS.  The mean age of the patients was 72.21 years. 51.2% of the patients were male. BDI mean score was found to be 11.25 in patients with right MCA infarction and 16.9 in patients with left MCA infarction (p:0.04). The total MoCA scores between two groups were similar (right/left MCA infarction: 20.8/21.3). It was seen to be lower attention sub-score in patients with right hemisphere effects compared to patients with left hemispheric lesion (3.1/5.9; p:0.00). Conclusion: According to our findings, it is understood that attention of patients with right MCA infarction is more affected and patients with left MCA infarction is more depressed. In future studies, depression and attention affects which are at risk of developing after MCA infarctions should be evaluated in detail and should be put emphasis to rehabilitation of these areas.

Response Times and Traffic Sign Design: Application of the Critical Path and OP Methods

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Donald L. Fisher ◽  
Bruce Papazian
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Response Time Analysis ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Traffic Sign

In many situations a rapid, accurate response to a traffic sign is required. The design of traffic signs which keeps response time at a minimum is an important human factors problem. An understanding of the network of cognitive processes that govern response times can be very useful to the human factors engineer, especially when it is possible to determine which processes, if shortened in duration, would lead to an overall decrease in response time. The design activity can then be focused on keeping at a minimum the duration of these critical processes. Two recently developed methods of response time analysis which make possible the determination of the critical processes are discussed: the critical path method (Schweickert, 1978) and the OP method (Fisher and Goldstein, in press).

scholarly journals Slow response times undermine trust in algorithmic (but not human) predictions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emir Efendic ◽  
Philippe van de Calseyde ◽  
Anthony M Evans
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Slow Response ◽  
Total N ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Prediction Quality ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Algorithms consistently perform well on various prediction tasks, but people often mistrust their advice. Here, we demonstrate one component that affects people’s trust in algorithmic predictions: response time. In seven studies (total N = 1928 with 14,184 observations), we find that people judge slowly generated predictions from algorithms as less accurate and they are less willing to rely on them. This effect reverses for human predictions, where slowly generated predictions are judged to be more accurate. In explaining this asymmetry, we find that slower response times signal the exertion of effort for both humans and algorithms. However, the relationship between perceived effort and prediction quality differs for humans and algorithms. For humans, prediction tasks are seen as difficult and effort is therefore positively correlated with the perceived quality of predictions. For algorithms, however, prediction tasks are seen as easy and effort is therefore uncorrelated to the quality of algorithmic predictions. These results underscore the complex processes and dynamics underlying people’s trust in algorithmic (and human) predictions and the cues that people use to evaluate their quality.

Psychological and Educational Correlates of Strabismus in School Children

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J. Tonge ◽  
George L. Lipton ◽  
Gwen Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cognitive Disorder ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Family Disruption ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The results of a study investigating the relationship of psychiatric and cognitive disorder with strabismus and its treatment in primary school aged children are reported. Results suggest that children with strabismus have a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorder, particularly an emotional disorder or psychosis. Subjects also had an increased risk of having educational problems and of exhibiting difficulties with tasks involving visual perception. Variables related to the nature and treatment of the strabismus did not appear influential in the development of the psychiatric disorder. Family disruption was significantly associated with both the presence of strabismus and emotional and behaviourial problems in the children reported by parents and teachers.

scholarly journals Web survey paradata on response time outliers

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miha Matjašič ◽  
Vasja Vehovar ◽  
Katja Lozar Manfreda
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
Web Surveys ◽  
Response Quality ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
The Relationship

In the last two decades, survey researchers have intensively used computerised methods for the collection of different types of paradata, such as keystrokes, mouse clicks and response times, to evaluate and improve survey instruments as well as to understand the survey response process. With the growing popularity of web surveys, the importance of paradata has further increased. Within this context, response time measurement is the prevailing paradata approach. Papers typically analyse the time (measured in milliseconds or seconds) a respondent needs to answer a certain item, question, page or questionnaire. One of the key challenges when analysing the response time is to identify and separate units that are answering too quickly or too slowly. These units can have a poor response quality and are typically labelled as response time outliers. This paper focuses on approaches for identifying and processing response time outliers. It presents a systematic overview of scientific papers on response time outliers in web surveys. The key observed characteristics of the papers are the approaches used, the level of time measurement, the processing of response time outliers and the relationship between response time and response quality. The results show that knowledge on response time outliers is scattered, inconsistent and lacking systematic comparisons of approaches. Consequently, there is a need to improve and upgrade the knowledge on this issue and to develop new approaches that will overcome existing deficiencies and inconsistencies in identifying and dealing with response time outliers.

scholarly journals Development of Emergency Medical Services Amid 5 Years’ Experience at a Medical School in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 378-381
Author(s):  
Korakot Apiratwarakul ◽  
Phongphat Ruamsuk ◽  
Takaaki Suzuki ◽  
Ismet Celebi ◽  
Somsak Tiamkao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Work Model ◽  
Two Phases

BACKGROUND: The development of emergency medical services (EMSs) in Thailand is divided into two phases following the enactment of the Emergency Medical Act in 2007 aimed at making the work model more systematic. However, the amount of EMS operations has not been well studied. AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of EMS operations throughout a 5-year period. METHODS: A retrospective, single-centered study at a medical school hospital in Thailand. Data were gathered from the EMS database at Srinagarind Hospital throughout the years 2016–2020. RESULTS: A total of 10,384 EMS operations were examined over a 5-year period (2016–2020). The mean age of patients in 2016 was 40.2 ± 3.5 years, and 55.3% (n = 1178) were male. Operations were most commonly performed during the afternoon shift (4.00 p.m.–0.00 a.m.) 41.0%, 38.6%, 39.5%, 39.2%, and 50.8%, respectively. The amount of EMS members had a tendency to increase in number throughout the 5 years of study (p = 0.022). The average times from 1669 center call receipt to arrival on scene (response time) for 2016 and 2020 were 8.52 ± 2.20 min and 5.52 ± 3.02 min, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The development of EMS at Srinagarind Hospital took place with an increase in the age of patients, number of operations in the afternoon shift, and EMS members, yet with a decrease in response times.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document