scholarly journals Fractional Modeling for Quantitative Inversion of Soil-Available Phosphorus Content

Mathematics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengbiao Fu ◽  
Heigang Xiong ◽  
Anhong Tian
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Order ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus ◽  
Order Spectrum ◽  
Fractional Modeling ◽  
Order Intervals

The study of field spectra based on fractional-order differentials has rarely been reported, and traditional integer-order differentials only perform the derivative calculation for 1st-order or 2nd-order spectrum signals, ignoring the spectral transformation details between 0th-order to 1st-order and 1st-order to 2nd-order, resulting in the problem of low-prediction accuracy. In this paper, a spectral quantitative analysis model of soil-available phosphorus content based on a fractional-order differential is proposed. Firstly, a fractional-order differential was used to perform a derivative calculation of original spectral data from 0th-order to 2nd-order using 0.2-order intervals, to obtain 11 fractional-order spectrum data. Afterwards, seven bands with absolute correlation coefficient greater than 0.5 were selected as sensitive bands. Finally, a stepwise multiple linear regression algorithm was used to establish a spectral estimation model of soil-available phosphorus content under different orders, then the prediction effect of the model under different orders was compared and analyzed. Simulation results show that the best order for a soil-available phosphorus content regression model is a 0.6 fractional-order, the coefficient of determination (), root mean square error (RMSE), and ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) of the best model are 0.7888, 3.348878, and 2.001142, respectively. Since the RPD value is greater than 2, the optimal fractional model established in this study has good quantitative predictive ability for soil-available phosphorus content.

scholarly journals Effect of Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria on Soil Available Phosphorus and Growth and Yield of Sugarcane

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyone Pyone AYE ◽  
Pechrada PINJAI ◽  
Saowanuch TAWORNPRUEK
Keyword(s):  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Fractions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizers

Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can increase soil phosphorus (P) availability and improve plant growth, yield, and phosphorus content of several crops. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of PSB on soil available phosphorus, growth, and yield of sugarcane at field conditions. Kosakonia radicincitans (PSB1) and Bacillus subtilis (PSB2) were applied with two different sources of phosphorus fertilizers: Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and rock phosphate (RP). The application of PSB with phosphorus fertilizers enhanced the yield from 17.03 to 38.42 % over no application of fertilizer. It also increased the percentage of commercial cane sugar percent (CCS %) from 4.8 to 19.96 % over control. The application of PSB2 with DAP showed effective results in available phosphorus content in the soil and yield of sugarcane. The PSB population and the available phosphorus contents were higher in treatments when phosphorus was given partly through RP and DAP than the control. The application of phosphorus fertilizer and PSB increased phosphorus fractions in the soil. The addition of phosphorus fertilizer to soil increased all the inorganic phosphorus fractions in soil. The treatments with PSB resulted in statistical differences in total phosphorus concentrations in the soil. The application of PSB with RP (T6, T7, and T8) showed the highest weight among the treatment at the harvesting time. The yield of sugarcane was highest in the application of PSB2 with either DAP or RP (T4 and T7). HIGHLIGHTS Evaluate the effect of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) (Kosakonia radicincitans and Bacillus subtills) comminated with two different phosphorus (di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and rock phosphate (RP) fertilizers on the changes in the soil available phosphorus level and sugarcane growth at Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand The application of P fertilizer and PSB can increase the inorganic P fractions in the soil and increased the cane yield over NPK without PSB The PSB application either single or co-inoculation of PSBs increased the average cane more than 13 % to over control

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Available Phosphorus, Leaf Phosphorus Content and Yield of Sword Bean (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) by Application of SP-36 and Phosphate Rock on Acid Upland Soil of East Lampung

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Achmad Arivin Rivaie
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Available P ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Upland Soil ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Total P

A glasshouse trial was performed to determine changes in phosphorus (P) nutrition and the yield of sword bean (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) following the application of different rates and types of P fertilizer in an acid upland soil of East Lampung. Two different types of P fertilizer, namely SP-36 (total P = 36%) and Phosphate Rock (PR) (total P = 24.3%, particle size distribution = 75% <0.25 mm, 85% < 0.50 mm, 90% < 1.00 mm) were used in the trial. For the treatment, each P fertilizer type consisted of four rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg P2O5 kg-1 soil) that were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four replications. The results showed that the application of P fertilizers had significant effects on soil pH, soil plant-available P, the potential-P (HCl 25%), leaf N and P concentrations, the yield of sword bean. Increased rates of both forms of P fertilizer increased the soil pH values. As the soil used had low pH and very high exchangeable Al, hence, this result is most probably related to the addition of Ca2+ to the soil solution that resulted from the P fertiliser applied (liming effect), either from SP-36 (monocalcium phosphate) or PR (flour apatite). There was no difference in soil available P concentration due to the different in P fertilizer types, indicating that 4 months after the fertilizer application, the relatively insoluble Phosphate Rock had the same P solubility with SP-36. Increased rates of both forms of P fertilizer increased the sword bean yield. For the application of 0 kg P2O5 ha-1, although sword bean crops had pods, but, they did not give any seed. Whereas, at the addition of P fertilizer at the rate of 50, 100, and 150 kg P2O5 ha-1 for both P fertilizer types, the crops were able to give the seeds in the pods. [How to Cite: Achmad AR. 2015. Changes in Soil Available Phosphorus, Leaf Phosphorus Content and Yield of Sword Bean (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) by Application of SP-36 and Phosphate Rock on Acid Upland Soil of East Lampung. J Trop Soils 19: 29-36. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2015.20.1.29][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2015.20.1.29]

scholarly journals Rapeseed Yield in a Maize – Rapeseed Cropping Pattern over a Long-Term Nutrient Management Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Gautam Shrestha ◽  
Bandhu Raj Baral ◽  
Ram Das Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus

A long-term soil fertility experiment in maize (Zea mays) – rapeseed (Brassica campestris var. toria) cropping system was initiated in Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC), Directorate of Agricultural Research (DoAR), Lumbini Province, Banke, Khajura (the then Regional Agricultural Research Station) since 1994. The field experiment was designed in the randomized complete block including nutrient as treatment at nine rates (0–0–0 nitrogen – phosphorus – potash (N–P2O5–K2O) kg/ha, 60–0–0 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha, 60–40–0 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha, 60–40–20 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha, 30–20–10 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha, 30–20–10 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha + 30 cm stover from previous maize, 60–40–20 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha + 30 cm stover from previous maize, farmyard manure 10 t/ha and 30–20–10 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha + farmyard manure 6 t/ha) and was replicated three times. Rapeseed crop yield attributes including days to flowering, plant height, siliqua per plant, 1000 grains weight, seed yield and straw yield and soil fertility parameters including soil pH, soil organic matter content, soil total nitrogen content, soil available phosphorus content and soil available potash content were monitored from 1994 to 2018 growing seasons. There was a significant effect (p < 0.01) of nutrient treatments in the days to flowering, plant height, siliqua per plant, 1000 grains weight, seed yield and straw yield. The highest mean seed yield (445 kg/ha) was obtained from the nutrient application at the rate of 30–20–10 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha + farmyard manure 6 t/ha during 1994 – 2018. Yield trend analysis revealed nutrient treatment with farmyard manure both FYM 10 t/ha and 30–20–10 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha + FYM 6 t/ha had significant positive (p < 0.001, R2 > 0.30) trend of rapeseed seed yield with the maximum 1000 kg/ha rapeseed yield in 2018. Soil analysis results after rapeseed harvest in 2018 showed two nutrient treatments including farmyard manure had significant high soil organic matter (SOM > 1%), soil available phosphorus content (P2O5 > 55 kg/ha) and soil available potash content (K2O > 550 kg/ha). In the long-term, integrated nutrient management applying 30–20–10 N–P2O5–K2O kg/ha + FYM 6 t/ha was the optimal nutrient management option for rapeseed production in maize – rapeseed cropping system at Khajura and similar agro-ecological conditions.

scholarly journals Changes on available phosphorus and total nitrogen contents from soil around roots of two desert plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Guo-Hua Chang ◽  
Wang-jiang Wang ◽  
Zhuo-Xin Yin ◽  
Bin Yue ◽  
Jin-xiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Desert Plants ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus ◽  
Variation Characteristics ◽  
Change Trend ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

In order to understand variation characteristics of the soil available phosphorus and total nitrogen (TN) content around the roots of typical desert plants Peganum harmala Linn. (PHL) and Asterothamnus centrali-asiaticus (AC), which are widely distributed in Jinchang mining area of Gansu Province, the soil samples around the roots of the two plants were collected, and the contents of available phosphorus and TN were analyzed. The results showed that the change trend of soil available phosphorus content was not the same in the range of 0-60 cm around the roots of PHL and AC. In most areas the change of available phosphorus content in the soil from around the root of PHL was U-shaped, and the content of phosphorus around the roots of AC increased firstly and then decreased, while the change trends of TN content around AC was decreased gradually.

scholarly journals Vertical distribution of soil available phosphorus and soil available potassium in the critical zone on the Loess Plateau, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanyang Tian ◽  
Jiangbo Qiao ◽  
Yuanjun Zhu ◽  
Xiaoxu Jia ◽  
Ming’an Shao
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Critical Zone ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus

AbstractSoil available phosphorus (SAP) and soil available potassium (SAK) are important elements in the growth of plants. However, limited data are available regarding the vertical distribution of SAP and SAK in deep soil profiles. In this study, we investigated the vertical variations in SAP and SAK in the critical zone on the Loess Plateau (50–200 m), China, by using classical statistical and geostatistical methods. The soil samples were collected from the top of the soil profile down to the bedrock by soil core drilling at five typical sites. SAP decreased throughout the profile. Whereas the SAK exhibited an increasing trend at all sites. The mean SAP concentration ranged from 0.94 to 32.56 mg kg–1 at the sampling sites and the SAK concentration ranged from 44.51 to 229.31 mg kg–1. At all of the sampling sites, SAK was significantly positively correlated with the depth and clay content, but there was a significantly negative correlation between the SAK and the sand content. The exponential model could fit most variograms of SAP and SAK at all sampling sites. The results obtained in this study to improve our comprehension of the SAP or SAK distribution conditions on the Loess Plateau, which is important for reasonable fertilizer application and vegetation planting practices.

scholarly journals Genetic and Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Yearling Weight Gain in Israel Holstein Dairy Calves

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 708
Author(s):  
Moran Gershoni ◽  
Joel Ira Weller ◽  
Ephraim Ezra
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
Variance Component Analysis ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Genetic Evaluations

Yearling weight gain in male and female Israeli Holstein calves, defined as 365 × ((weight − 35)/age at weight) + 35, was analyzed from 814,729 records on 368,255 animals from 740 herds recorded between 1994 and 2021. The variance components were calculated based on valid records from 2008 through 2017 for each sex separately and both sexes jointly by a single-trait individual animal model analysis, which accounted for repeat records on animals. The analysis model also included the square root, linear, and quadratic effects of age at weight. Heritability and repeatability were 0.35 and 0.71 in the analysis of both sexes and similar in the single sex analyses. The regression of yearling weight gain on birth date in the complete data set was −0.96 kg/year. The complete data set was also analyzed by the same model as the variance component analysis, including both sexes and accounting for differing variance components for each sex. The genetic trend for yearling weight gain, including both sexes, was 1.02 kg/year. Genetic evaluations for yearling weight gain was positively correlated with genetic evaluations for milk, fat, protein production, and cow survival but negatively correlated with female fertility. Yearling weight gain was also correlated with the direct effect on dystocia, and increased yearling weight gain resulted in greater frequency of dystocia. Of the 1749 Israeli Holstein bulls genotyped with reliabilities >50%, 1445 had genetic evaluations. As genotyping of these bulls was performed using several single nucleotide polymorhphism (SNP) chip platforms, we included only those markers that were genotyped in >90% of the tested cohort. A total of 40,498 SNPs were retained. More than 400 markers had significant effects after permutation and correction for multiple testing (pnominal < 1 × 10−8). Considering all SNPs simultaneously, 0.69 of variance among the sires’ transmitting ability was explained. There were 24 markers with coefficients of determination for yearling weight gain >0.04. One marker, BTA-75458-no-rs on chromosome 5, explained ≈6% of the variance among the estimated breeding values for yearling weight gain. ARS-BFGL-NGS-39379 had the fifth largest coefficient of determination in the current study and was also found to have a significant effect on weight at an age of 13–14 months in a previous study on Holsteins. Significant genomic effects on yearling weight gain were mainly associated with milk production quantitative trait loci, specifically with kappa casein metabolism.

scholarly journals Effects of crop type on soil microbial properties in the cropland of the Jianghan plain of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 421-426
Author(s):  
Li Jun ◽  
Liu Lixin ◽  
Zhang Chunlei ◽  
Chen Chang ◽  
Lu Guangyuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Jianghan Plain ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Microbial Properties ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Microbial Properties

Soil microbial properties are varied by growing different crops, ultimately reflecting the growth and reproduction of crops. In this study, two types of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. ZS11 and ZY821) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ZM9023) were planted in the Jianghan plain of China. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected three months after sowing. Soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities and microbial diversity were determined. The results showed that soil available phosphorus significantly increased from 25.57 mg/kg (ZM9023) to 33.20 mg/kg (ZS11) and 35.72 mg/kg (ZY821), respectively. Invertase activity of ZS821 (0.86 mg glucose/g) was significantly lower than in ZS11 (1.04 mg glucose/g). Acid phosphatase activity under planting rapes was significantly higher than that under wheat. Urease activities significantly increased from 40.88 mg NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N/g soil/24 h (NFP) to 49.04 mg NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N/g soil/24 h (FNP) and 51.28 mg NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N/g soil/24 h (ZM9023), 51.60 mg NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N/g soil/24 h (ZY821) and 52.28 mg NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N/g soil/24 h (ZS11), respectively. The ACE (abundance based coverage estimator) and Chao1 indexes of bacteria of ZS11 were lower than ZY821, which were similar to ZM9023. Fertilization increased soil bacterial ACE and Chao1 indexes. However, ACE and Chao1, Shannon and Simpson indexes of soil fungi for ZS11 were significantly higher than in ZY821, which were similar to ZM9023 (except for the Shannon index).

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