scholarly journals Review of the Two-Step H2O/CO2-Splitting Solar Thermochemical Cycle Based on Zn/ZnO Redox Reactions

Materials ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 4922-4938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Loutzenhiser ◽  
Anton Meier ◽  
Aldo Steinfeld
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Thermochemical Cycle ◽  
Solar Thermochemical

Thermodynamic Analysis of CO2 Reduction in the SnO2/SnO Solar Thermochemical Cycle

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Shafirovich ◽  
Allen Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Thermochemical Cycle ◽  
Co2 Utilization ◽  
Thermochemical Cycles ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
Solar Thermochemical

CO2 utilization for the production of valuable chemical products may help mitigate two global problems: increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and depleting petroleum resources. Solar thermochemical cycles for CO2 splitting provide relatively high efficiencies of solar energy conversion while operating at realistic temperatures. In the present paper, the cycles proposed previously are reviewed and a novel cycle, based on SnO2/SnO redox reactions, is proposed. The results of thermodynamic calculations for the CO2 reduction step in this cycle are reported.

Hydrogen production via a novel two-step solar thermochemical cycle based on non-volatile GeO2

Solar Energy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingkai Fu ◽  
Tianzeng Ma ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Shaomeng Dai ◽  
Zheshao Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Thermochemical Cycle ◽  
Solar Thermochemical

CO2 Splitting in a Hot-Wall Aerosol Reactor via the Two-Step Zn/ZnO Solar Thermochemical Cycle

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Loutzenhiser ◽  
M. Elena Ga´lvez ◽  
Illias Hischier ◽  
Anastasia Stamatiou ◽  
Aldo Steinfeld
Keyword(s):  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
Thermochemical Cycle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
High Temperature Process ◽  
Solar Thermochemical ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

Using concentrated solar energy as the source of high-temperature process heat, a two-step CO2 splitting thermochemical cycle based on Zn/ZnO redox reactions is applied to produce renewable carbon-neutral fuels. The solar thermochemical cycle consists of: 1) the solar endothermic dissociation of ZnO to Zn and O2; 2) the non-solar exothermic reduction of CO2 with Zn to CO and ZnO; the latter is the recycled to the 1st solar step. The net reaction is CO2 = CO + 1/2 O2, with products formed in different steps, thereby eliminating the need for their separation. A Second-Law thermodynamic analysis indicates a maximum solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency of 39% for a solar concentration ratio of 5000 suns. The technical feasibility of the first step of the cycle has been demonstrated in a high-flux solar furnace with a 10 kW solar reactor prototype. The second step of the cycle is experimentally investigated in a hot-wall quartz aerosol flow reactor, designed for in-situ quenching of Zn(g), formation of Zn nanoparticles, and oxidation with CO2. The effect of varying the molar flow ratios of the reactants was investigated. Chemical conversions were determined by gas chromatography and X-ray diffraction. Chemical conversions of Zn to ZnO of up to 88% were obtained for a residence time of ∼ 3.05 s. For all of the experiments, the reactions primarily occurred outside the aerosol jet flow on the surfaces of the reaction zone.

A comparative thermodynamic analysis of isothermal and non-isothermal CeO2-based solar thermochemical cycle with methane-driven reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 915-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianzeng Ma ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Chun Chang ◽  
Jasurjon S. Akhatov ◽  
Mingkai Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Thermochemical Cycle ◽  
Solar Thermochemical

CO2 splitting in an aerosol flow reactor via the two-step Zn/ZnO solar thermochemical cycle

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1855-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Loutzenhiser ◽  
M. Elena Gálvez ◽  
Illias Hischier ◽  
Aron Graf ◽  
Aldo Steinfeld
Keyword(s):  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Thermochemical Cycle ◽  
Aerosol Flow ◽  
Solar Thermochemical
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