scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Study of Surface Roughness of Thin Brass Wire Processed by Different Dieless Drawing Processes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Andrij Milenin ◽  
Mirosław Wróbel ◽  
Piotr Kustra ◽  
Jiří Němeček
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Wire Surface ◽  
Dieless Drawing ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Small Increments ◽  
Brass Wire

This paper examines the surface roughness of a thin brass wire (140–200 microns in diameter) after two dieless drawing (DD) processes, i.e., conventional dieless drawing (CDD) and incremental dieless drawing (IDD). In incremental dieless drawing, small increments in deformation were applied in several passes. It has been proven that the IDD process not only has a greater efficiency but also enables obtaining a wire with significantly lower surface roughness. The explanation for these effects is based on the results of the numerical modeling of both compared processes. The developed numerical model takes into consideration the initial roughness of the wire surface, shape and dimensions of grains, and their diversified mechanical properties. Nanoindentation measurements, microstructure, and plastometric studies allowed us to find the effective flow stress distribution in the grains. The IDD process was found to be much more stable and develop a much more uniform distribution of grain strain than the CDD process. More homogeneous deformation results in surface roughness reduction. Approximately 25–30% reduction in surface roughness of the wire produced by the IDD process was predicted by simulations and confirmed experimentally.

Grain Structure and Surface Roughness of Four Commercial NiTi Orthodontic Archwires

2017 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
Wassana Wichai ◽  
Rutchadakorn Isarapatanapong ◽  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Wire Surface ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Electron Mode ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Orthodontic Archwires

This study investigated four commercially available NiTi orthodontic archwires from different manufactures for their grain structure and surface roughness.Four commercially available pre-formed NiTi orthodontic archwire (Ormco, Sentalloy, Highland and NIC) with diameter 0.016 x 0.022 inch2 were tested. The wire samples were polished and etched to evaluate the morphology and structure of wire surface. Each NiTi archwire was investigated under a reflected light microscope of an Optical Microscope to analyze its grain structure and size, in longitudinal surfaces. The surfaces of wire were qualitatively examined in the secondary electron mode at common magnification (500X). The surface roughness was also evaluated by a surface roughness tester. The descriptive statistic was evaluated the mean and standard deviation of surface roughness and Medcale T-Test was to test the mean difference of the surface roughness in each brands. This study showed an average grain size of 2-8 μm for each NiTi archwire. The wire surface of Ormco and Highland showed straiations along the longitudinal axes, however Sentalloy and NIC showed small pores on the wire surface. The surface roughness was 0.09 μm for Highland, 0.25 μm for Sentalloy, 0.28 μm for Ormco and 0.46 μm for NIC archwire. The Highland was smoothest and NIC was the roughest. There were in significant (p < 0.05) difference of surface roughness of each brands. The results showed that the four manufactures NiTi archwires were different in grain size, wire surface and surface roughness. During clinical application, these archwires may exhibit different mechanical properties, such as strength, hardness, ductity, and friction because of their microstructure.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Effects of Coolants on Surface Quality and Mechanical Properties of Micromilled Thin-Walled Elgiloy

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Qu ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Jiadai Xue ◽  
Yun Fan ◽  
Zuhui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Dry Machining ◽  
Core Component ◽  
The Core ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
The One

In this study, minimum quantity coolant/lubrication (MQCL) is found to have significant impact on the surface quality and mechanical properties of the micromilled thin-walled work piece that is the core component of an aeroaccelerometer. Three kinds of coolants were used in the micromilling process to analyze their effects on surface quality and mechanical properties of the component. The experiment results show that an appropriate dynamic viscosity of coolant helps to improve surface roughness. The high evaporation rate of the coolants can enhance the cooling performance. Comparing with the dry machining case, MQCL has better performance on improving tool wear, surface quality, and mechanical properties of the micromilled work piece. It yielded up to 1.4–10.4% lower surface roughness compared with the dry machining case in this experiment. The machined work piece with the best mechanical properties and the one with the worst mechanical properties appeared in the ethyl alcohol and the dry machining case, respectively. The reasons for deteriorating surface quality and mechanical properties in dry machining cases are also analyzed. For improving the micromilling process, the penetration and cooling effect of the coolants are more important. This paper gives references to obtain better service performance of the component by improving the micromilling process.

scholarly journals Investigation of the workability and surface roughness of thin brass wires in various dieless drawing technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrij Milenin ◽  
Mirosław Wróbel ◽  
Piotr Kustra
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Thin Wire ◽  
Dieless Drawing ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
Product Surface ◽  
The Wire ◽  
The One

AbstractPossibilities of improving the workability of the CuZn37 brass thin wire in a diameter of 0.14–0.18 mm produced by the dieless drawing processes were explored. The workability was defined as the maximum final longitudinal strain of the wire up to its fracture, achievable in the dieless drawing process. Two technologies of dieless drawing were developed and their workability was compared. The first one is the classical one-pass process; the second, a multi-pass one. For both developed technologies, it was possible to obtain a good-quality product but more than two times higher workability has been demonstrated for the multi-pass technology. No evident effect of the deformation temperature from the window of technologically accepted parameters on the workability was found but an increase in the temperature significantly increased the roughness of the product surface. For the same deformation temperature, the roughness of the wire obtained from the multi-pass process appeared to be significantly lower than for the one of the classical one-pass technologies.

Physical Modelling of Strain Induced Roughness of Copper Wire during Dieless Drawing Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 900-905
Author(s):  
Andrij Milenin ◽  
Dorota Byrska-Wójcik ◽  
Mirosław Wróbel
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Physical Modelling ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Dieless Drawing ◽  
The Wire

One of the possibilities of the dieless drawing is the production of ultrafine wire. In this case, it is possible for additionally stretch the wire, obtained in the conventional way. This may allow to obtain a wire of smaller diameter than the industry produces. However, the significant problem is the increase of the strain induced roughness of wire during dieless drawing. This problem has become important due to the fact that the resulting roughness can be comparable to the diameter of the wire and significantly reduce the workability. Thus, the solution of these problems requires plastometric studies of the material, physical and numerical modeling for prediction the roughness of the wire under conditions of dieless drawing. The experimental study shown, that the surface roughness of the copper wire after dieless drawing increases significantly at a deformation temperature above 300°C. The total roughness is associated both with the formation of oxides and the strain induced roughness.

Microstructure and Micromechanical Properties of Mg Microtubes Prepared by Laser Dieless Drawing

2018 ◽  
Vol 784 ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleš Jäger ◽  
Karel Tesař ◽  
Jiří Němeček ◽  
Andrij Milenin ◽  
Jiří Němeček
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Dieless Drawing ◽  
Individual Grains ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

The paper presents microscale experimental investigation performed on microtubes that were prepared with a novel laser dieless drawing (LDD) technique from difficult-to-work AZ31 magnesium alloy (nominally 3wt.%Al-1wt.%Zn-0.3wt.%Mn-Mg balanced). A microstructure analysis was performed via various microscopic techniques. Mechanical response of individual grains with various orientations was tested using instrumental nanoindentation and the results were compared with the microstructure. Distributions of elastic modulus, hardness and visco-elastic properties were analyzed. In addition, microtubes were also characterized in terms of their surface roughness and morphology based on different modes of surface treatment. The grain size is practically not changed when LDD is applied after extrusion showing low thermal and straining effect of the process. Local mapping of mechanical properties does not show weak spots and imply feasibility of the novel production technology.

A comparative study of mechanical properties and machinability of wrought and additive manufactured (selective laser melting) titanium alloy – Ti-6Al-4V

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manikandakumar Shunmugavel ◽  
Ashwin Polishetty ◽  
Moshe Goldberg ◽  
Rajkumar Singh ◽  
Guy Littlefair
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Difference

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study and compare the mechanical properties and machinability characteristics of additive manufactured titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V with conventionally produced wrought titanium alloy,Ti-6Al-4V. The difference in mechanical properties such as yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, micro hardness, percentage of elongation and their effect on machinability characteristics like cutting forces and surface roughness are studied. It was found that higher strength and hardness of SLM Ti-6Al-4V compared to wrought Ti-6Al-4V owing to its peculiar acicular microstructure significantly affected the cutting forces and surface roughness. High cutting forces and low surface roughness were observed during machining of additive manufactured components compared to its wrought counterpart because of their difference in strength, hardness and ductility. Design/methodology/approach Mechanical properties like yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, hardness and percentage of elongation and machinability characteristics like cutting forces and surface roughness were studied for both wrought and additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V. Findings Mechanical properties like yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and hardness were higher for additive manufactured components as compared to the wrought component. However additive manufactured components significantly lacked in ductility as compared to the wrought parts. Concerning machining, higher cutting forces and lower surface roughness were observed in additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V compared to the wrought part as a result of differences in mechanical properties of these differently processed materials. Originality/value This paper, for the first time, discusses the machining capabilities of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V.

INFLUENCE THE QUENCHING AND TEMPERING ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS, OF MEDIUM CARBON STEEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Sattar H A Alfatlawi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

One of ways to improve properties of materials without changing the product shape toobtain the desired engineering applications is heating and cooling under effect of controlledsequence of heat treatment. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect ofheating and cooling on the surface roughness, microstructure and some selected propertiessuch as the hardness and impact strength of Medium Carbon Steel which treated at differenttypes of heat treatment processes. Heat treatment achieved in this work was respectively,heating, quenching and tempering. The specimens were heated to 850°C and left for 45minutes inside the furnace as a holding time at that temperature, then quenching process wasperformed in four types of quenching media (still air, cold water (2°C), oil and polymersolution), respectively. Thereafter, the samples were tempered at 200°C, 400°C, and 600°Cwith one hour as a soaking time for each temperature, then were all cooled by still air. Whenthe heat treatment process was completed, the surface roughness, hardness, impact strengthand microstructure tests were performed. The results showed a change and clearimprovement of surface roughness, mechanical properties and microstructure afterquenching was achieved, as well as the change that took place due to the increasingtoughness and ductility by reducing of brittleness of samples.

AN EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF HEAT TRANSFER IN A SIMULATED COLLECTOR FOR A SOLAR DRYER

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-160
Author(s):  
P.H. Oosthuizen ◽  
A. Sheriff
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Local Heat Transfer ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Electrical Heating ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Thermocouple Probe

Indirect passive solar crop dryers have the potential to considerably reduce the losses that presently occur during drying of some crops in many parts of the “developing” world. The performance so far achieved with such dryers has, however, not proved to be very satisfactory. If this performance is to be improved it is necessary to have an accurate computer model of such dryers to assist in their design. An important element is any dryer model is an accurate equation for the convective heat transfer in the collector. To assist in the development of such an equation, an experimental and numerical study of the collector heat transfer has been undertaken. In the experimental study, the collector was simulated by a 1m long by 1m wide channel with a gap of 4 cm between the upper and lower surfaces. The lower surface of the channel consisted of an aluminium plate with an electrical heating element, simulating the solar heating, bonded to its lower surface. Air was blown through this channel at a measured rate and the temperature profiles at various points along the channel were measured using a shielded thermocouple probe. Local heat transfer rates were then determined from these measured temperature profiles. In the numerical study, the parabolic forms of the governing equations were solved by a forward-marching finite difference procedure.

Development of Combined Machining Modes, Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Structure of Deformed Semi-Finished Products from Alloy 01417

2020 ◽  
Vol 992 ◽  
pp. 498-503
Author(s):  
S. Sidelnikov ◽  
D. Voroshilov ◽  
M. Motkov ◽  
M. Voroshilova ◽  
V. Bespalov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Electrophysical Properties ◽  
Intermediate Annealing ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Bar Rolling ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Continuous Ingot ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Deformation Modes

The article presents the results of studies on the production of wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm from aluminum alloy 01417 with a content of rare-earth metals (REM) in the amount of 7-9% for aircraft construction needs. The deformation modes, the experimental technique and equipment for the implementation of the proposed technology described. The wire was obtained by drawing and bar rolling with subsequent drawing from a rod with a diameter of 5 mm, obtained previously using the process of combined rolling-extruding (CRE) from a continuous ingot with a diameter of 12 mm, cast in an electromagnetic mold (EMM). The wire obtained by the presented technology was subjected to 4 different heat treatment modes with annealing temperatures from 350 to 500 °C and holding time of 1 h in the furnace to achieve mechanical and electrophysical properties corresponding to TS 1-809-1038-2018. The level of strength and plastic properties obtained in the course of research required only one intermediate annealing. The microstructure of the wire was investigated and the modes were revealed that made it possible to obtain the required level of mechanical properties and electrical resistivity, satisfying TS 1-809-1038-2018.

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