scholarly journals Palm Oil Fuel Ash-Based Eco-Friendly Concrete Composite: A Critical Review of the Long-Term Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7074
Author(s):  
Mugahed Amran ◽  
Yeong Huei Lee ◽  
Roman Fediuk ◽  
Gunasekaran Murali ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mosaberpanah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Oil Fuel ◽  
Electrical Generation

Rapid global infrastructural developments and advanced material science, amongst other factors, have escalated the demand for concrete. Cement, which is an integral part of concrete, binds the various individual solid materials to form a cohesive mass. Its production to a large extent emits many tons of greenhouse gases, with nearly 10% of global carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) emanating from cement production. This, coupled with an increase in the advocacy for environmental sustainability, has led to the development of various innovative solutions and supplementary cementitious materials. These aims to substantially reduce the overall volume of cement required in concrete and to meet the consistently increasing demand for concrete, which is projected to increase as a result of rapid construction and infrastructural development trends. Palm oil fuel ash (POFA), an industrial byproduct that is a result of the incineration of palm oil wastes due to electrical generation in power plants has unique properties, as it is a very reactive materials with robust pozzolanic tendencies, and which exhibits adequate micro-filling capabilities. In this study, a review on the material sources, affecting factors, and durability characteristics of POFA are carefully appraised. Moreover, in this study, a review of correlated literature with a broad spectrum of insights into the likely utilization of POFA-based eco-friendly concrete composites as a green material for the present construction of modern buildings is presented.

scholarly journals Palm Oil Fuel Ash-Based Eco-Efficient Concrete: A Critical Review of the Short-Term Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Mugahed Amran ◽  
Gunasekaran Murali ◽  
Roman Fediuk ◽  
Nikolai Vatin ◽  
Yuriy Vasilev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Material Source ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Filling Ability ◽  
Rapid Construction ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Oil Fuel

The huge demand for concrete is predicted to upsurge due to rapid construction developments. Environmental worries regarding the large amounts of carbon dioxide emanations from cement production have resulted in new ideas to develop supplemental cementing materials, aiming to decrease the cement volume required for making concrete. Palm-oil-fuel-ash (POFA) is an industrial byproduct derived from palm oil waste’s incineration in power plants’ electricity generation. POFA has high pozzolanic characteristics. It is highly reactive and exhibits satisfactory micro-filling ability and unique properties. POFA is commonly used as a partially-alternated binder to Portland cement materials to make POFA-based eco-efficient concrete to build building using a green material. This paper presents a review of the material source, chemical composition, clean production and short-term properties of POFA. A review of related literature provides comprehensive insights into the potential application of POFA-based eco-efficient concrete in the construction industry today.

scholarly journals Preliminary Investigation of Thermal Behavior of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Incorporating Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Eggshell Powder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial ◽  
Wan Inn Goh ◽  
Samiullah Sohu ◽  
Sajjad Ali Mangi ◽  
Aamir Khan Mastoi
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Foamed Concrete ◽  
Oil Fuel

This study was performed to investigate the thermal and mechanical properties of foamed concrete when supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are utilized. Sustainable foamed concrete of 1800 kg/m3 dry density was prepared by incorporating Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) ranging from 30 % to 35 % and Eggshell Powder (ESP) from 5 % to 15 % as SCMs. It was found that the combined utilization of POFA and ESP in the foamed concrete produced favorable results by reducing the thermal conductivity up to 42.68 % compared to the control sample, thus enhanced thermal insulating property of foamed concrete. This study confirmed that recycling and reusing of POFA and ESP are possible in foamed concrete which could be used for non-structural applications where thermal insulating is required.

scholarly journals Strength Development of Fine Grained Mortar Containing Palm Oil Fuel Ash as a Partial Cement Replacement

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 964-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Yuslinda Wan Yusof ◽  
Suraya Hani Adnan ◽  
Zalipah Jamellodin ◽  
Noor Shuhada Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Partial Cement Replacement ◽  
Oil Fuel

This study was focusing on the utilization of Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and the effect of fine sand to develop the strength of the mortar. The flexural and compressive strength of fine grained mortar (FGM) with the addition of POFA and the sand usage with a size less than 1 mm were investigated. Then, the optimum percentage of POFA as a replacement material for cement was determined. Cement was partially replaced with POFA at various percentage of 0 % to 40 % by weight of cementitious materials with three (3) samples for each percentage. The laboratory test was conducted for this study are divided into two which are properties of samples (X-ray fluorescence and particle size analyzer), and hardened mortar (compressive and flexural strength). The prism specimens size are 40 mm x 40 mm x 160 mm and were tested at the age of 7 and 28 days according to BS EN 196-1:2005: Method of Testing Cement. The results showed that the highest flexural and compression strength is at 10 % due to a factor which is the effect of POFA and fine sand produce a strong bond between the particles with the longer curing time, that is after 14 days. This is indicated that an additional of 10 % POFA in FGM is the optimal percentage of POFA as a replacement for cement.

scholarly journals Thermomechanical evaluation of sustainable foamed concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash and eggshell powder

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial ◽  
◽  
Wan Inn Goh ◽  
Noridah Mohamad ◽  
Kim Hung Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Exterior Surface ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Foamed Concrete ◽  
Oil Fuel ◽  
Mechanical Strengths

Increased usage of concrete contributes to urban thermal discomfort due to the Urban Heat Island effect. At the same time, the corresponding increased consumption of cement also causes a significant rise in carbon dioxide (CO2) gas emissions. This experimental work aims at evaluating the thermal and mechanical performance of 1800 kg/m3 dry density green sustainable foamed concrete (GFC) incorporating agroindustrial waste such as Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and Eggshell Powder (ESP) as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The POFA content varied from 15 to 35%, with increments of 5%, while being supplemented with 5% ESP. To evaluate the performance of the developed GFC, the flowability, mechanical strengths (compressive and splitting tensile strengths), and thermal performances (thermal conductivity and surface temperature) were investigated. Incorporation of 15-25% of POFA supplemented with 5% ESP as partial cement replacement materials resulted in enhanced mechanical strengths. Although usage of POFA can reduce the thermal conductivity, the POFA content must be limited to 15–25% to prevent excessive heat absorption by the exterior surface of the concrete. Overall, the optimum use of 15% POFA in a combination of 5% ESP is desirable to produce an eco-friendly sustainable foamed concrete.

Influence of Unground Palm Oil Fuel Ash (UPOFA) in Compressed Earth Brick (CEB) Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
Qing Yue Zhang ◽  
Ling Yan Zhao ◽  
Zi Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Large Particle ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Large Particle Size ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Oil Fuel ◽  
Pozzolanic Properties

This paper presents the preliminary study of the Unground Palm Oil Fuel Ash (UPOFA) addition on the Compressed Earth Brick (CEB) characteristic. POFA as a by product of palm oil kiln was found out to have pozzolanic properties and could be used to create cementitious materials. Previous researches believed that original or unground POFA is not suitable as cement replacement due to its large particle size and porous structure. Compressed earth bricks of 100 x 50 x 25 mm with manual compaction with compression rate 2000 psi were produced with additional of UPOFA passing 300 µm sieve and it was discovered that the addition of 40% UPOFA could enhanced the bricks compressive strength up to 13.89 MPa and decrease the brick water absorption until 15.3%. Incorporating UPOFA in CEB production will definitely resulted in cost efficient considering cost saving in grinding process.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Sustainable Concrete Comprising Waste Polypropylene Food Tray Fibers and Palm Oil Fuel Ash Exposed to Sulfate and Acid Attacks

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 966
Author(s):  
Hossein Mohammadhosseini ◽  
Rayed Alyousef ◽  
Shek Poi Ngian ◽  
Mahmood Md. Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Food Tray ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Sulfate Solutions ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Oil Fuel

Sulfate and acid attacks cause material degradation, which is a severe durability concern for cementitious materials. The performance of concrete composites comprising waste plastic food trays (WPFTs) as low-cost fibers and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) exposed to acid and sulfate solutions has been evaluated in an immersion period of 12 months. In this study, visual assessment, mass variation, compressive strength, and microstructural analyses are investigated. For ordinary Portland cement (OPC), six concrete mixtures, including 0–1% WPFT fibers with a length of 20 mm, were prepared. In addition, another six mixtures with similar fiber dosages were cast, with 30% POFA replacing OPC. It was discovered that adding WPFT fibers and POFA to concrete reduced its workability. POFA concrete mixes were found to have higher long-term compressive strength than OPC concrete mixes cured in water. As a result of the positive interaction between POFA and WPFT fibers, both the crack formation and spalling of concrete samples exposed to acid and sulfate solutions were reduced, as was the strength loss. The study's findings show that using WPFT fibers combined with POFA to develop a novel fiber-reinforced concrete subjected to chemical solutions is technically and environmentally feasible. WPFT fibers have a significant protective effect on concrete against chemical attacks.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Abu Cangkang dan Serat Kelapa Sawit dari Boiler untuk Pembuatan Bata Beton Ringan

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Haspiadi Haspiadi ◽  
Kurniawaty Kurniawaty
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Oil Fuel

Research of  the utilization solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from boiler as row materials  for manufacturing light concrete brick has been conducted. The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential use solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers as row materials for manufacturing light concrete brick has recently attracted for an alternative environmentally sustainable application. In this study, light concrete brick made with various proportions of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers and sand were fabricated and studied under laboratory scales. Percentage of palm oil fuel ash of 0% as a control,  10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, replacement  sand, wheras others materials such as Portland cement, lime, gypsum, foaming agent and aluminium with the numbers constant. The quality of light concreate brick   were applied followed by the compressive strength test, density and water absorption capacity. The study discovered that the compressive strength for all composition meet the recommended value to light structural of 6.89 MPa as prescribed in SNI 03-3449-2002. In the same manner density of light concrete brick for all proportion under the maximum density recommended value of 1400 Kg/m3 according to SNI 03-3449-2002. While water absorption capacity of increased by the increasing use of ashes. Therefore, palm oil fuel ash from boiler can be used as raw material for the light concrete brick which is  environmental friendly because using solid waste and also an alternative handling solid waste.ABSTRAKPenelitian pemanfaatan limbah padat abu cangkang dan serat kelapa sawit dari boiler sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sebagai bahan pembuatan bata beton ringan sebagai salah satu alternatif pengelolaan lingkungan yang bekelanjutan. Dalam penelitian ini, bata beton ringan dibuat dengan berbagai komposisi abu boiler dan pasir yang diproduksi dalam  skala laboratorium. Persentase dari abu berturut-turut 0% sebagai kontrol, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% dan 60% mensubtitusi pasir, sedangkan bahan lain yaitu semen, kapur, gypsum,  foaming  agent serta aluminium pasta dengan jumlah tetap. Mutu bata beton ringan yang diujikan adalah kuat tekan, bobot jenis dan daya serap air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan untuk semua komposisi memenuhi batas minimum yang dipersyaratkan untuk stuktural ringan yaitu 6,89 MPa sesuai SNI 03-3449-2002. Demikian pula bobot jenis dari bata ringan yang dihasilkan masih dibawah dari batas maksimum yang direkomendasikan SNI 03-3449-2002 yaitu maksimal 1400 Kg/m3. Sedangkan daya serap air mengalami kenaikan dengan naiknya jumlah abu yang digunakan . Limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan yang ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan limbah dan menjadi salah satu alternatif pengelolaan limbah. Kata kunci :  Abu cangkang kelapa sawit,  bata beton ringan, bobot jenis,  daya serap air,  limbah,  kuat tekan

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