scholarly journals New and Recovered Temporary Anchorage Devices, In Vitro Assessment of Structural and Surface Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6271
Author(s):  
Paula Argentina Jiman ◽  
Doina Prodan ◽  
Marioara Moldovan ◽  
Alexandrina Muntean ◽  
Codruta Sarosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Temporary Anchorage Devices ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Surface Morphologies

The orthodontic miniscrew (TADs) is a device that is fixed into bone in the short term for the purpose of enhancing orthodontic anchorage. The aim of our study was to investigate the structural and surface properties of recovered TADs after orthodontic treatment, and compare them to new TADs. TADs (n = 15) from the same manufacturer (Absoanchor; Dentos, Daegu, Korea) were assessed; n = 10 were recovered from patients after orthodontic treatment and n = 5 were new. We performed electrochemical investigations, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microbiological analysis. Qualitative analysis on general electrochemical polarization revealed that the TADs retrieved from the patients provided much lower current densities in the passivity zone, and the oxidative processes taking place on their surface were of lower intensity. The surface morphologies of the tips of the retrieved mini-implants showed less sharp tips and smooth surfaces. Defects in the form of pores or cracks could be identified in both evaluated TAD groups. All retrieved TADs showed signs of biological materials (SEM analysis) and contamination on their surfaces. In conclusion, these results can assist orthodontists in comprehending the complexities of TAD behavior with respect to their design and structure.

scholarly journals Mini-implants: mechanical resource for molars uprighting

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susiane Allgayer ◽  
Deborah Platcheck ◽  
Ivana Ardenghi Vargas ◽  
Raphael Carlos Drumond Loro
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Angle Class Ii ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Temporary Anchorage Devices ◽  
Tooth Impaction ◽  
Treatment Stage ◽  
Two Phases

INTRODUCTION: The early orthodontic treatment allows correction of skeletal discrepancies by growth control, and the elimination of deleterious habits, which are risk factors for the development of malocclusions, favoring for the correction of tooth positioning later in a second treatment stage. During development of teeth and occlusion, the mandibular second molars commonly erupt in the oral cavity after all other teeth of the anterior region. In their eruptive process there may be a condition known as tooth impaction, which precludes its complete eruption and requires proper uprighting treatment. The temporary anchorage devices allow disimpaction and movement of these teeth directly to their final position, without the need of patient compliance or reaction movements in other parts of the arch. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims at describing a case report of the treatment of a patient with Angle Class II malocclusion, performed in two phases, in which mini-implants were used for uprighting the impacted mandibular second molars.

scholarly journals Comparison of topical and infiltration anesthesia for orthodontic mini-implant placement

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Miotello Valieri ◽  
Karina Maria Salvatore de Freitas ◽  
Fabricio Pinelli Valarelli ◽  
Rodrigo Hermont Cançado
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Topical Anesthesia ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Unpleasant Sensation ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Temporary Anchorage Devices ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Infiltration Anesthesia

Objective: To compare the acceptability and effectiveness of topical and infiltration anesthesia for placement of mini-implants used as temporary anchorage devices. Methods: The sample comprised 40 patients, 17 males and 23 females, whose mean age was 26 years old and who were all undergoing orthodontic treatment and in need for anchorage reinforcement. Mini-implants were bilaterally placed in the maxilla of all individuals, with infiltration anesthesia on one side and topical anesthesia on the other. These 40 patients completed two questionnaires, one before and another after mini-implant placement and pain was measured through a visual analog scale (VAS). The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the measurements of pain were compared by means of the non-parametric test of Mann-Whitney. Results: It was found that 60% of patients felt more comfortable with the use of topical anesthesia for mini-implant placement; 72.5% of patients described the occurrence of pressure during placement of the anchorage device as the most unpleasant sensation of the entire process; 62.5% of patients felt more pain with the use of topical anesthesia. Conclusion: It was concluded that patients had less pain with the use of infiltration anesthesia, and also preferred this type of anesthetic.

scholarly journals Marginal Adaptation and Micropermeability of Class II Cavities Restored with Three Different Types of Resin Composites—A Comparative Ten-Month In Vitro Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1660
Author(s):  
Sevda Mihailova Yantcheva
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Gingival Margin ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ageing Period

The development of composite materials is subject to the desire to overcome polymerization shrinkage and generated polymerization stress. An indicator characterizing the properties of restorative materials, with specific importance for preventing secondary caries, is the integrity and durability of marginal sealing. It is a reflection of the effects of polymerization shrinkage and generated stress. The present study aimed to evaluate and correlate marginal integrity and micropermeability in second-class cavities restored with three different types of composites, representing different strategies to reduce polymerization shrinkage and stress: nanocomposite, silorane, and bulk-fill composite after a ten-month ageing period. Thirty standardized class ΙΙ cavities were prepared on extracted human molars. Gingival margins were 1 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction. Cavities were randomly divided into three groups, based on the composites used: FiltekUltimate-nanocomposite; Filtek Silorane LS-silorane; SonicFill-bulk-fill composite. All specimens were subjected to thermal cycles after that, dipped in saline for 10-mounds. After ageing, samples were immersed in a 2% methylene blue. Thus prepared, they were covered directly with gold and analyzed on SEM for assessment of marginal seal. When the SEM analysis was completed, the teeth were included into epoxy blocks and cut longitudinally on three slices for each cavity. An assessment of microleakage on stereomicroscope followed. Results were statistically analyzed. For marginal seal evaluation: F.Ultimate and F.Silorane differ statistically with more excellent results than SonicFill for marginal adaptation to the gingival margin, located entirely in the dentin. For microleakage evaluation: F.Ultimate and F.Silorane differ statistically with less microleakage than SonicFill. Based on the results obtained: a strong correlation is found between excellent results for marginal adaptation to the marginal gingival ridge and micropermeability at the direction to the axial wall. We observe a more significant influence of time at the gingival margin of the cavities. There is a significant increase in the presence of marginal fissures (p = 0.001). A significant impact of time (p < 0.000) and of the material (p < 0.000) was found in the analysis of the microleakage.

scholarly journals Solubility enhancement of carvedilol using drug–drug cocrystallization with hydrochlorothiazide

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivarani Eesam ◽  
Jaswanth S. Bhandaru ◽  
Chandana Naliganti ◽  
Ravi Kumar Bobbala ◽  
Raghuram Rao Akkinepally
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Poorly Water Soluble Drugs ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Water Soluble Drugs ◽  
Poorly Water Soluble ◽  
Dissolution In Vitro

Abstract Background Increasing hydrophilicity of poorly water-soluble drugs is a major challenge in drug discovery and development. Cocrystallization is one of the techniques to enhance the hydrophilicity of such drugs. Carvedilol (CAR), a nonselective beta/alpha1 blocker, used in the treatment of mild to moderate congestive heart failure and hypertension, is classified under BCS class II with poor aqueous solubility and high permeability. Present work is an attempt to improve the solubility of CAR by preparing cocrystals using hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), a diuretic drug, as coformer. CAR-HCT (2:0.5) cocrystals were prepared by slurry conversion method and were characterized by DSC, PXRD, FTIR, Raman, and SEM analysis. The solubility, stability, and dissolution (in vitro) studies were conducted for the cocrystals. Results The formation of CAR-HCT cocrystals was confirmed based on melting point, DSC thermograms, PXRD data, FTIR and Raman spectra, and finally by SEM micrographs. The solubility of the prepared cocrystals was significantly enhanced (7.3 times), and the dissolution (in vitro) was improved by 2.7 times as compared to pure drug CAR. Further, these cocrystals were also found to be stable for 3 months (90 days). Conclusion It may be inferred that the drug–drug (CAR-HCT) cocrystallization enhances the solubility and dissolution rate of carvedilol significantly. Further, by combining HCT as coformer could well be beneficial pharmacologically too.

scholarly journals SEM Analysis of Enamel Abrasion after Air Polishing Treatment with Erythritol, Glycine and Sodium Bicarbonate

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Sinjari ◽  
Gianmaria D’Addazio ◽  
Martina Bozzi ◽  
Manlio Santilli ◽  
Tonino Traini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Air Polishing ◽  
And Control

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the enamel surface topography after treatment with three air polishing powders: Glycine (A), erythritol (B), and sodium bicarbonate (C) (Air Flow Soft, Plus and Classic powders, EMS Electro Medical Systems S.A., Nyon, Switzerland). Fifteen extracted incisors were randomly divided into three groups of five teeth each, A, B and C, respectively. The teeth were blocked in plaster bases, washed, dried and half-covered with polytetrafluoroethylene strips before treatment. In this way, each half-treated dental element became test and control of itself. Comparative statistical analysis of Rq (geometric average of the deviations occurring in roughness profile) was performed. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed different degrees of surface roughness between the groups, decreasing after treatment. In addition, a statistically significant reduction p < 0.05 was present in group C (Rq mean non-treated 108.17 µm, 95% CI: 97.29–124.01 and Rq mean treated 86.78 µm, 95% CI: 80.63–93.70). A decrease in surface roughness post-treatment was not observed in group A and B. Therefore, it may be concluded that the air flow powders tested herein can be used on dental enamel to reduce the surface roughness due to function and the action of dental therapies.

In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of Coated HAp Films with Different Surface Morphology

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 710-715
Author(s):  
Kotaro Kuroda ◽  
Ryoichi Ichino ◽  
Masazumi Okido
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Mouse Osteoblast ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings were formed on cp titanium plates and rods by the thermal substrate method in an aqueous solution that included 0.3 mM Ca(H2PO4)2 and 0.7 mM CaCl2. The coating experiments were conducted at 40-140 oC and pH = 8 for 15 or 30 min. The properties for the coated samples were studied using XRD, EDX, FT-IR, and SEM. All the specimens were covered with HAp, which had different surface morphologies such as net-like, plate-like and needle-like. After cleaning and sterilization, all the coated specimens were subjected to in vivo and vitro testing. In the in vitro testing, the mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) were cultured on the coated and non-coated specimens for up to 30 days. Moreover, the specimens (φ2 x 5 mm) were implanted in rats femoral for up to 8 weeks, the osseoinductivity on them were evaluated. In in vitro evaluations, there were not significant differences between the different surface morphologies. In in vivo evaluations, however, two weeks postimplantation, new bone formed on both the HAp coated and non-coated titanium rods in the cancellous and cortical bone. The bone-implant contact ratio, which was used for the evaluation of new bone formation, was significantly dependent on the surface morphology of the HAp, and the results demonstrated that the needle-like coating appears to promote rapid bone formation.

In Vitro Mineralization and Cell Adhesion on Surface Modified Poly (2 - hydroxy ethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 493-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Sailaja ◽  
T.V. Kumari ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yokogawa ◽  
H.K. Varma
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization ◽  
In Vitro Mineralization ◽  
Atr Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Modified

Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co- methyl methacrylate) HM, was synthesized by free radical copolymerization, cross-linked with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and phosphorylated. The phosphate coupling was ensured by ATR spectroscopy. The in vitro mineralization ability of the phosphorylated HM (designated as PHM) was investigated by studying the nucleation and growth of calcium phosphate on its surface by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. The coating morphology was studied by SEM and the Ca/P ratio of the coating by EDX analysis. The cell adhesion behaviour of PHM was studied by seeding Human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells for one week followed by SEM analysis along with HM as control. It was observed that HOS cells exhibited biomineralization of calcium phosphate on the surface of HM as well as on PHM with a significantly higher amount on the surface of PHM as observed by von kossa staining method. The results show that PHM is capable of in vitro mineralization under simulated physiological condition, promotes cell adhesion by providing an excellent cell friendly surface and it exhibits biomineralization of calcium phosphate in presence of HOS cells.

scholarly journals In Vitro Effect of Replicated Porous Polymeric Nano-MicroStructured Biointerfaces Characteristics on Macrophages Behavior

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1913
Author(s):  
Luminita Nicoleta Dumitrescu ◽  
Madalina Icriverzi ◽  
Anca Bonciu ◽  
Anca Roșeanu ◽  
Antoniu Moldovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Microstructured Surface ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Vitro Effect

In the last decades, optimizing implant properties in terms of materials and biointerface characteristics represents one of the main quests in biomedical research. Modifying and engineering polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as scaffolds becomes more and more attractive to multiples areas of bio-applications (e.g., bone or cochlear implants). Nevertheless, the acceptance of an implant is affected by its inflammatory potency caused by surface-induced modification. Therefore, in this work, three types of nano-micro squared wells like PVDF structures (i.e., reversed pyramidal shape with depths from 0.8 to 2.5 microns) were obtained by replication, and the influence of their characteristics on the inflammatory response of human macrophages was investigated in vitro. FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the maintaining chemical structures of the replicated surfaces, while the topographical surface characteristics were evaluated by AFM and SEM analysis. Contact angle and surface energy analysis indicated a modification from superhydrophobicity of casted materials to moderate hydrophobicity based on the structure’s depth change. The effects induced by PVDF casted and micron-sized reversed pyramidal replicas on macrophages behavior were evaluated in normal and inflammatory conditions (lipopolysaccharide treatment) using colorimetric, microscopy, and ELISA methods. Our results demonstrate that the depth of the microstructured surface affects the activity of macrophages and that the modification of topography could influence both the hydrophobicity of the surface and the inflammatory response.

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