scholarly journals Bone Stress Evaluation with and without Cortical Bone Using Several Dental Restorative Materials Subjected to Impact Load: A Fully 3D Transient Finite-Element Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5801
Author(s):  
Raul Medina-Galvez ◽  
Oriol Cantó-Navés ◽  
Xavier Marimon ◽  
Miguel Cerrolaza ◽  
Miquel Ferrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Single Crown ◽  
Peek Composite ◽  
Dynamic Forces ◽  
Restorative Materials

Statement of problem. Previous peri-implantitis, peri-implant bone regeneration, or immediate implant placement postextraction may be responsible for the absence of cortical bone. Single crown materials are then relevant when dynamic forces are transferred into bone tissue and, therefore, the presence (or absence) of cortical bone can affect the long-term survival of the implant. Purpose: the purpose of this study is to assess the biomechanical response of dental rehabilitation when selecting different crown materials in models with and without cortical bone. Methods: several crown materials were considered for modeling six types of crown rehabilitation: full metal (MET), metal-ceramic (MCER), metal-composite (MCOM), peek-composite (PKCOM), carbon fiber-composite (FCOM), and carbon fiber-ceramic (FCCER). An impact-load dynamic finite-element analysis was carried out on all the 3D models of crowns mentioned above to assess their mechanical behavior against dynamic excitation. Implant-crown rehabilitation models with and without cortical bone were analyzed to compare how the load-impact actions affect both type of models. Results: numerical simulation results showed important differences in bone tissue stresses. The results show that flexible restorative materials reduce the stress on the bone and would be especially recommendable in the absence of cortical bone. Conclusions: this study demonstrated that more stress is transferred to the bone when stiffer materials (metal and/or ceramic) are used in implant supported rehabilitations; conversely, more flexible materials transfer less stress to the implant connection. Also, in implant-supported rehabilitations, more stress is transferred to the bone by dynamic forces when cortical bone is absent.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MONOCORTICAL AND BICORTICAL METHODS OF INSTALLING MINI-IMPLANTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Rivis ◽  
V.S. Melnyk ◽  
M.V. Rivis ◽  
K.V. Zombor
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Force Load ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Element Method

The aim of the study. Carry out a comparative analysis of the support ability of human jaw bone tissue in monocortical and bicortical installation of a mini-implant of own design OMG. Research methods. In order to study biomechanical characteristics of developed OMG mini-implant and bone tissue capacity during monocortical and bicortical installation, the finite element method (MSE) was used. The scheme and finite element 2-D model of bicortical installation of OMG mini-implant (length 8 mm, diameter 1.8 mm) provided full penetration through one layer of cortical bone equal to 1 mm, the entire cancellous bone and immersion in the second layer of cortical bone by 0, 5 mm. No implantation was immersed in the second cortical layer of bone during monocortical installation. A single force load of 1 N was applied in the horizontal direction parallel to the cortical plate of the bone. Results of the study. One of the most important factors leading to the success of the use of a mini-implant is its stability in the process of orthodontic treatment. Quite a high level of failure in the monocortical installation of mini-screws has led to the search for better methods to ensure the stability of their use. This was a bicortical method of fixation, based on the placement of the minig screw in the thickness of the two cortical plates of the jaws. Area for such installation of mini-screws can be a site of a palate and alveolar sprouts at installation of miniimplants through all its thickness. As shown by our data on the use of the finite element method under the force load of the biomechanical system "bone - mini-implant", the stress concentration zone is located in the area of the cortical bone of the jaw. The results of the calculation of the maximum stresses (σmax, MPa) and the maximum possible displacements (umax, mm) of the mini-implant in the biomechanical system "bone - mini-implant" in monocortical installation were, respectively, 8.27 MPa and 0.300 * 10-8 mm and in bicortical installation 6.00 MPa and 0.201 * 10-8 mm. The bicortical method of fixing the mini-implant in the jaw bones significantly increases the ability to resist deformation of this type of biomechanical system under force loads of the mini-implant. In the bicortical method of mini-implant placement, the extreme values of equivalent according to Mises stresses in the upper part of the cortical bone of the jaw are reduced by 27%. This can be explained by a significant increase in the area of contact due to the two layers of the cortical bone of the jaw with the surface of the mini-implant. Conclusion. The bicortical method of installing mini-implants is a more effective and reliable way to provide skeletal support during orthodontic treatment.

Bone tissue loads around titanium femoral implant and coated with porous layer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (90) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
G. Bobik ◽  
J. Żmudzki ◽  
K. Majewska
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Porous Material ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Porous Shell ◽  
Cementless Implant ◽  
Trabecular Bone Tissue

Purpose: Difference in the mechanical properties of bone and stiffer femoral implant causes bone tissue resorption, which may result in implant loosening and periprosthetic fractures. The introduction of porous material reduces the stiffness of the implant. The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of porous shell of femoral revision implant on bone tissue loading distribution with use the finite element method. Design/methodology/approach: Load transfer in the femur has been investigated using the finite element method (Ansys). Cementless implant models were placed in the anatomical femur model. Femur model included sponge bone and cortical bone. The solid implant was compared with the implant containing porous material in 70% in outer layer with a thickness of 2 mm. Load of 1500 N during gait was simulated. In addition, the forces of the ilio-tibial band and the abductor muscles were implemented, as well as the torque acting on the implant. Findings: Increase of stress for the porous model was found. The underload zones in bone have been reduced. Loading distribution was slightly more favourable, albeit rather in cortical bone. Stress value in cancellous bone around cementless implant margin has increased to a level that is dangerous for bone loss. Stress in the implant was not dangerous for damage. The stress distribution was different in the implant neck zone where the porous shell borne a little less load and high stress was shifted to the stiffer core. Research limitations/implications: Variable conditions for fitting the stem to the bone as well as the friction conditions were not investigated. Practical implications: Stress values in the spongy bone around the insertion edge of the cementless implant are consistent with long-term clinical results of the bone atrophy in 1 and 2 Gruen`s zones around the fully porous implants. Originality/value: The advantage of fully porous coated implant was the decrease of risk of trabecular bone tissue resorption around the implant tip and the increase of risk of trabecular bone tissue resorption around insertion edge of the implant.

A Finite Element Model for Direction-Dependent Mechanical Response to Nanoindentation of Cortical Bone Allowing for Anisotropic Post-Yield Behavior of the Tissue

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Carnelli ◽  
D. Gastaldi ◽  
V. Sassi ◽  
R. Contro ◽  
C. Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Yield Behavior ◽  
Constitutive Parameters

A finite element model was developed for numerical simulations of nanoindentation tests on cortical bone. The model allows for anisotropic elastic and post-yield behavior of the tissue. The material model for the post-yield behavior was obtained through a suitable linear transformation of the stress tensor components to define the properties of the real anisotropic material in terms of a fictitious isotropic solid. A tension-compression yield stress mismatch and a direction-dependent yield stress are allowed for. The constitutive parameters are determined on the basis of literature experimental data. Indentation experiments along the axial (the longitudinal direction of long bones) and transverse directions have been simulated with the purpose to calculate the indentation moduli and the tissue hardness in both the indentation directions. The results have shown that the transverse to axial mismatch of indentation moduli was correctly simulated regardless of the constitutive parameters used to describe the post-yield behavior. The axial to transverse hardness mismatch observed in experimental studies (see, for example, Rho et al. [1999, “Elastic Properties of Microstructural Components of Human Bone Tissue as Measured by Nanoindentation,” J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 45, pp. 48–54] for results on human tibial cortical bone) can be correctly simulated through an anisotropic yield constitutive model. Furthermore, previous experimental results have shown that cortical bone tissue subject to nanoindentation does not exhibit piling-up. The numerical model presented in this paper shows that the probe tip-tissue friction and the post-yield deformation modes play a relevant role in this respect; in particular, a small dilatation angle, ruling the volumetric inelastic strain, is required to approach the experimental findings.

Biomechanical evaluation of different implant–abutment connections, retention systems, and restorative materials in the implant-supported single crowns using 3D finite element

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleidiel Aparecido Araujo Lemos ◽  
Fellippo Ramos Verri ◽  
Pedro Yoshito Noritomi ◽  
Victor Eduardo Souza Batista ◽  
Ronaldo Silva Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior ◽  
Retention System ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
Fixation Screw ◽  
Metal Ceramic

This is an in silico study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical influence of different implant–abutment interfaces (external hexagon and Morse taper implants), retention systems (cement- and screw-retained), and restorative crowns (metal–ceramic and monolithic) using three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA). Eight 3D models were simulated for the maxillary first molar area using InVesalius, Rhinoceros, and SolidWorks and processed using the Femap and NEi Nastran softwares. Axial and oblique forces of 200 N and 100 N, respectively, were applied on the occlusal surface of the prostheses. Microstrain and von Mises stress maps were used to evaluate the deformation (cortical bone tissue) and stress (implants/fixation screws/crowns), respectively for each model. For both loadings, Morse taper implants had lower microstrain values than the external hexagon implants. The retention system did not affect microstrain on the cortical bone tissue under both loadings. However, the cemented prosthesis displayed higher stress with the fixation screw than the external hexagon implants. No difference was observed between the metal–ceramic and zirconia monolithic crowns in terms of microstrain and stress distribution on the cortical bone, implants or components. Morse taper implants can be considered as a good alternative for dental implant rehabilitation because they demonstrated better biomechanical behavior for the bone and fixation screw as compared to external hexagon implants. Cement-retained prosthesis increased the stress on the fixation screw of the external hexagon implants, thereby increasing the risk of screw loosening/fracture in the posterior maxillary area. The use of metal–ceramic or monolithic crowns did not affect the biomechanical behavior of the evaluated structures.

Block-Fixation Finite Element Lumbar Spine Model to Examine Load-Sharing, Bone-Screw Interaction, and Stress in Carbon Fiber Reinforced PEEK Construct

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yabo Guan ◽  
Harlan Bruner ◽  
Narayan Yoganandan ◽  
Frank A. Pintar ◽  
Dennis J. Maiman
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Pedicle Screw ◽  
Load Sharing ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Bone Screw ◽  
Peek Composite ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Carbon-fiber-reinforced (CFR) polyetheretherketone (PEEK) combines the high strength of metals with the extensive biocompatibility and imaging compatibility of polymers. CFR PEEK composite is similar to the stiffness of cortical bone (approximately 15–20 GPa) and shows comparable performance to metallic materials such as titanium alloy, cobalt chrome alloy, and stainless steel in terms of strength. CFR-PEEK becomes an attractive alternative to the metallic materials traditionally used in spinal implants (e.g. pedicle screw rod fixation). Finite element (FE) models have been developed to study the biomechanical behaviors of spinal structures with pedicle screw rod fixation ([1–5]). However, it is limited to implement these models to study the bone screw interaction, and local bone strain at the bone screw interface due to the intrinsic low mesh density of the intact model. The aim of this study is to develop a refined block fixation FE model to investigate the load sharing, bone screw interaction, and strain/stress in CFR PEEK construct.

scholarly journals A 3D Finite Element Analysis Model of Single Implant-Supported Prosthesis under Dynamic Impact Loading for Evaluation of Stress in the Crown, Abutment and Cortical Bone Using Different Rehabilitation Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3519
Author(s):  
Oriol Cantó-Navés ◽  
Raul Medina-Galvez ◽  
Xavier Marimon ◽  
Miquel Ferrer ◽  
Óscar Figueras-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Dynamic Impact ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
3D Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Single Implant

In the literature, many researchers investigated static loading effects on an implant. However, dynamic loading under impact loading has not been investigated formally using numerical methods. This study aims to evaluate, with 3D finite element analysis (3D FEA), the stress transferred (maximum peak and variation in time) from a dynamic impact force applied to a single implant-supported prosthesis made from different materials. A 3D implant-supported prosthesis model was created on a digital model of a mandible section using CAD and reverse engineering. By setting different mechanical properties, six implant-supported prostheses made from different materials were simulated: metal (MET), metal-ceramic (MCER), metal-composite (MCOM), carbon fiber-composite (FCOM), PEEK-composite (PKCOM), and carbon fiber-ceramic (FCCER). Three-dimensional FEA was conducted to simulate the collision of 8.62 g implant-supported prosthesis models with a rigid plate at a speed of 1 m/s after a displacement of 0.01 mm. The stress peak transferred to the crown, titanium abutment, and cortical bone, and the stress variation in time, were assessed.

scholarly journals Different bone anchorages for Morse taper implants with different lengths in maxilla anterior: An in silico analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e57010917729
Author(s):  
Hiskell Fernandes Fernandes e Oliveira ◽  
Cleidiel Araujo Lemos ◽  
Ronaldo Silva Cruz ◽  
Victor Eduardo de Souza Batista ◽  
Rodrigo Capalbo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Bone Block ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior ◽  
Single Crown ◽  
Nasal Floor

This study aimed to evaluate the stress distribution in bone tissue, in Morse tapper implants and components supporting a single crown in the maxillary anterior area, under different bone anchorages (conventional, bicortical and bicortical with nasal floor elevation) and implant lengths (8.5 mm, 10 mm and 11.5 mm) using 3D finite element analyses. Three 3D models including element #11 were simulated using software InVesalius, Rhinoceros 3D and SolidWorks. Bone block models were reconstructed from computed tomography and simulated the placement of one implant of 4 mm of diameter and lengths above mentioned, supporting cemented zirconia crown. The 3D models were processed by the finite element FEMAP and NeiNastran software, using a load of 178N were applied at 0º, 30º and 60º, considering the implant long axis. Results were visualized as the von Mises stress, maximum principal stress and microstrain maps. Bicortical bone anchorages showed lower stress and microstrain bone tissue when compared to conventional bone anchorage. However, no differences were observed between bicortical and nasal floor elevation. Regarding implants and components, the stress distribution was similar between models with little stress relief in the apical region of the implants for implants with conventional anchorage. The conclusion drawn from this study is that non-axial loading showed worse biomechanical behavior for bone tissue and implants/components. The bicortical techniques (bicortical and nasal floor elevation) should be preferred during the implant placement to reduce the stress and microstrain in the bone tissue.

Analysis of Deformation Characteristics of Cortical Bone Tissue

2012 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Min Li ◽  
Emrah Demirci ◽  
Vadim V. Silberschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Hardness Tests

Numerical modeling of bones is necessary for design of efficient surgical cutting tools that can provide low cutting forces, reduce damage and prevent thermal necrosis of bone tissue. Development of realistic numerical models of cortical bone tissue requires deep knowledge of its deformation behaviour. Deformation mechanisms of bones differ from those of metals, polymers and composites since bones consist of a living tissue with hierarchical microstructure. The aim of this study is to analyse deformation characteristics of the cortical bone tissue from both experimental and numerical perspectives. Initially, Vickers hardness tests were conducted at various anatomical positions on a cross-section of a bovine femur bone to observe location-based variation of its mechanical response. Various load magnitudes ranging between 1 kgf and 100 kgf were applied in the Vickers hardness tests to analyse the effect of anisotropy on damage evolution. These tests were simulated using a finite element scheme to reproduce the mechanical behaviour of bones in indentation. Finally, results of the hardness tests were compared with those obtained from finite element simulations.

scholarly journals Dynamic Properties of Cortical Bone Tissue: Impact Tests and Numerical Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 387-392
Author(s):  
Adel A. Abdel-Wahab ◽  
Vadim V. Silberschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Finite Element Software

Bone is the principal structural component of a skeleton: it assists the load-bearing framework of a living body. Structural integrity of this component is important; understanding of its mechanical behaviour up to failure is necessary for prevention and diagnostic of trauma. Bone fractures occur in both low-energy trauma, such as falls and sports injury, and high-energy trauma, such as car crash and cycling accidents. By developing adequate numerical models to predict and describe the deformation and fracture behaviour up to fracture of a cortical bone tissue, a detailed study of reasons for, and ways to prevent or treatment methods of, bone fracture could be implemented. This study deals with both experimental analysis and numerical simulations of this tissue and its response to impact dynamic loading. Two areas are covered: Izod tests for quantifying a bone’s behaviour under impact loading, and a 3D finite-element model simulating these tests. In the first part, properties of cortical bone tissue were investigated under impact loading condition. In the second part, a 3D numerical model for the Izod test was developed using the Abaqus/Explicit finite-element software. Bone has time-dependent properties – viscoelastic – that were assigned to the specimen to simulate the short term event, impact. The developed numerical model was capable of capturing the behaviour of the hammer-specimen interaction correctly. A good agreement between the experimental and numerical data was found.

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