scholarly journals Preparation and Performance of PAN–PAC Nanofibers by Electrospinning Process to Remove NOM from Water

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4426
Author(s):  
Beata Malczewska
Keyword(s):  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrospun Membranes ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Scanning Electron

The technology based on electrospun membranes exhibits great potential in water treatment. This study presents experimental data involving the fabrication of nanofiber membranes with powdered activated carbon (PAC) and its application for the removal of natural organic matter. The fabricated membrane materials were characterized using various techniques. These include scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction analysis. The incorporation of PAC nanoparticles influences the structure and physicochemical properties as well as the transport and separation characteristics of the produced membranes. The applicability of the fabricated carbon-based membrane was tested in the filtration experiments. The fabricated membrane is characterized by a high NOM removal efficiency of 79% in the filtration process. Further modification of the membrane composition may result in a further increase in the efficiency of removing contaminants from water.

Effect of electrospinning parameters on the characterization of PLA/HNT nanocomposite fibers

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Touny ◽  
Joseph G. Lawrence ◽  
Andrew D. Jones ◽  
Sarit B. Bhaduri
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanocomposite Fibers ◽  
Scanning Electron

Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposite fibers were produced using an electrospinning approach for biomedical applications. The PLA/HNT nanocomposite fibers were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The various factors such as type of solvent, solution concentration, HNT loading and feed rate, affecting the electrospinning process, and the morphology of the nanofibers were investigated, and the optimum values for these parameters are suggested. The results indicated that the addition of dimethylformamide (DMF) to chloroform facilitated the electrospinning process because of the improvement in electrical conductivity and viscosity of the solution. Nanometer-sized fibers were obtained by the addition of HNT to PLA. HNT loadings had a significant effect on the morphology of the nanofibers. Bead-free fibers were produced at feed rates between 1 and 4 mL/h.

scholarly journals The Formation of Local Catalyst from Zeolite, Characterization and Performance in the Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 257-261
Author(s):  
Zahrul Mufrodi ◽  
Erna Astuti ◽  
Gita Indah Budiarti
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Catalyst Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Scanning Electron

The existance of catalyst in a chemical reaction is very important. This catalyst can accelerate the chemical reaction. Currently there are local catalyst with the performance as good as commercial catalyst. One of those catalyst is zeolite. This paper determines the study of characterization of zeolite using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and explains the perfomance of zeolite in the synthesis of triacetin. Catalyst from zeolite was made by mixing with H2SO4 in various concentrations, neutralization and drying. From morfology analysis by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), density and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) obtain that mixing with H2SO4 of 0.5M is better than the others. From the study of catalyst synthesis from natural zeolite it can be concluded that natural zeolite before activation has fragile structure meanwhile after being activated it was formed crystal structure. The best zeolite crystal phase was obtained from zeolite activated by using 0,5 M H2SO4 with glycerol conversion of 94.45% and triacetin selectivity of 4.01%.

Preparation and Performance of Monazite Coating on Woven Alumina Ceramic Cloths

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
Yan Yuan Liang ◽  
Guang Ya Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alumina Fibers ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Tensile Toughness ◽  
Scanning Electron

Monazite (LaPO4) coatings were deposited on woven cloths of alumina fibers by heterogeneous nucleation and growth using solution precursors. Coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and X-Ray diffraction; thermogravimetric analysis was performed on LaPO4 precursors. The results show that the optimum ration of La:citrate:P is 1:2:5 in the LaPO4 precursor solution. Coating thickness distributions were measured and analyzed. Uniform monazite coatings (210-250nm) were obtained after depositing in the precursor solution, drying and heating at 900°C for 5 min for 6 recycles. Al2O3f/ Al2O3 composite with the LaPO4coating as the CMC interface revealed goodmechanical strength and the fracture mode is ductile fracture. The tensile toughness is 142.2 MPa, the bending toughness is 288.6MPa and the fracture toughness12.2 MPa•m1/2.

Preparation and Performance Study of Li1.02(Fe0.8Mn0.2)PO4/C by Ti Doping

2014 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Rui He ◽  
Zhen Fa Liu ◽  
Li Hui Zhang ◽  
Yan Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Study ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
State Method ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Ti Doping ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ti dopping Li1.02(Fe0.8Mn0.2)PO4/C (Ti=0.01,0.03,0.05,0.07) was prepared by high temperature solid-state method ,with LiH2PO4, LiCO3, FeC2O4.2H2O , Mn (CH3COOH)2.4H2O TiO2 as raw materails. Glucose (C6H12O6) as carbon soures join in the mixture when ball milling. The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). CHI660B electrochemical workstation was used to study the electrochemical performance of cathode material. The well-crystallized LiFePO4/C composite with homogeneous small particles was obtained after reacting at 700°C for 10h.

scholarly journals Analysis of the association of parameters in the formation of ultrafine fibers from PEI and PMMA

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Camargo Kukulka ◽  
Joyce Rodrigues de Souza ◽  
Jessica Dias Santos ◽  
Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos ◽  
Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ultrafine Fibers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
Contact Angle Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Objective: The aim of the study was to fabricate and morphologically characterize ultrafine Polyetherimide fibers (PEI) associated with Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) – PP (group formed by the association of PEI with PMMA), produced by the electrospinning process. Material and Methods: A solution of PEI (0.562 g) + PMMA (0.377 g) dissolved in 2.5 mL of chloroform, 0.85 mL of Dimethylformamide (DMF) and 0.85 mL of 1.1.2.2 Tetrachloroethane (TCE) was prepared. For the electrospinning process, different continuous voltages (10 to 18 kV) and two different distances (8 and 12 cm) between the needle tip and the collecting apparatus were used, giving rise to 6 distinct groups of ultrafine fibers (PP 1 to 6) that were observed in Scanning Electron Microscopy to check for defects and calculate the average diameter of the fibers. Results: The best parameter, the parameter that was most effective for the production of fibers, observed was subjected to Energy Dispersion X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Contact Angle Analysis tests. The data were analyzed using the ANOVA and Tukey test (p <0.05). From the comparative analysis of the pre-established parameters, the pattern of PP4 ultrafine fibers was shown to be more effective. Conclusion: The PP4 standard (13 kV – 12 cm) had an average diameter of 0.37 µm. An adequate parameter to electrospinning was able to produce ultrafine fibers of PMMA/PEI.   Keywords Polymethylmethacrylate; Scanning electron microscopy; Polyetherimide; Electrospinning process.

Preparation and Performance of Mesoporous Carbon-SnO2-Sb Composite Electrode

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 1361-1364
Author(s):  
Ai Ping Li ◽  
Hai Qing Xu ◽  
Liang Dong Feng ◽  
Yue Ming Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Composite Electrode ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Scanning Electron

The composite electrode, formed by SnO2-Sb as catalyst agent, mesoporous carbon (MC) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), was prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N2 adsorption-desorption analyses. It has a high BET surface area of 184 m2 g-1 with a narrow pore distribution centered at 6.2 nm. The phenol removal of 96.3 % was achieved with the composite electrode in the electrochemical oxidation of aqueous phenol wastes after 80 min electrolysis while it was only 84.1 % for the SnO2-Sb electrode. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 62.9 % on the composite electrode which was also higher than that on the SnO2-Sb electrode (38.3 %).

Preparation and Properties of Electrospun Cellulose Acetate Nanofiber Mats

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 1408-1412
Author(s):  
Wei Tao Zhou ◽  
Jian Xin He ◽  
Shi Zhong Cui ◽  
Wei Dong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Nanofiber Mats ◽  
Scanning Electron

Four kinds of solutions were prepared by dissolving cellulose acetate in dichloromethane, formic acid, acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid respectively, and then were electrospun into fibers. The solutions were characterized for their viscosity and conductivity using rotary viscosimeter and conductivity meter, respectively. The morphology and performance of the electrospun CA fibers were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), digital microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results showed that the important factors determining the electro-spinnability of the CA solutions were boiling point, viscosity and conductivity of the resulting solutions. 8% CA spinning solution with trifluoroacetic acid as solvent had good spinnability, and the average diameter reached 236nm; the obtained fibers were mainly amorphous, but characterized for good mechanical properties.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

Sem and X-Ray Analysis of Renal and Biliary Calculi

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
R. J. Narconis ◽  
G. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Natural State ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Dimension ◽  
Biliary Calculi ◽  
Calculus Formation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Analysis of the constituents of renal and biliary calculi may be of help in the management of patients with calculous disease. Several methods of analysis are available for identifying these constituents. Most common are chemical methods, optical crystallography, x-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. The application of a SEM with x-ray analysis capabilities should be considered as an additional alternative.A scanning electron microscope equipped with an x-ray “mapping” attachment offers an additional dimension in its ability to locate elemental constituents geographically, and thus, provide a clue in determination of possible metabolic etiology in calculus formation. The ability of this method to give an undisturbed view of adjacent layers of elements in their natural state is of advantage in determining the sequence of formation of subsequent layers of chemical constituents.

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