scholarly journals Formation of Structure and Properties of Two-Phase Ti-6Al-4V Alloy during Cold Metal Transfer Additive Deposition with Interpass Forging

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4415
Author(s):  
Yuri Shchitsyn ◽  
Maksim Kartashev ◽  
Ekaterina Krivonosova ◽  
Tatyana Olshanskaya ◽  
Dmitriy Trushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Metal Transfer ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Cold Metal

The paper deals with the main formation patterns of structure and properties of a titanium alloy of the Ti-6Al-4V system during additive manufacturing using cold metal transfer (CMT) wire deposition. The work aims to find the optimal conditions for layer-by-layer deposition, which provides the high physical and mechanical properties of the titanium alloy of the Ti-6Al-4V system hybrid, additively manufactured using CMT deposition. Particular attention is paid to interpass forging during the layered printing of the product. Additionally, we investigate how the heat treatment affects the structure and properties of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy that has been CMT-deposited, both with and without forging. These studies have shown that the hybrid multilayer arc deposition technology, with interpass strain hardening, allows the use of high temperature and high technology titanium alloys to obtain products of a required geometric shape. It has been proven that the interpass deformation effect during CMT deposition contributes to a significant decrease in the sizes of the primary β-grains. In addition, forging enhances the effect of microstructure refinement, which is associated with phase recrystallization in deformed areas. It is shown that the heat treatment leads not only to a change in the morphology of the phases but also to additional phase formations in the structure of the Ti-6Al-4V-deposited metal while the mechanism is realized and consists of the gradual decomposition of the martensitic α′-phase and the formation of a dispersive α2-phase. This structure formation process is accompanied by the dispersion hardening of the α-phase. The strength characteristics of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy obtained using layer-by-layer CMT with forging are given; they exceed the strength level of materials obtained with the traditional technologies of pressure treatment, and there is no decrease in plasticity characteristics. The use of the subsequent heat treatment makes it possible to increase the ductility characteristics of the deposited and forged Ti-6Al-4V material by 1.5–2 times without strength loss.

scholarly journals Influence of post weld heat treatment on tensile properties of cold metal transfer (CMT) arc welded AA6061-T6 aluminium alloy joints

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addanki Ramaswamy ◽  
Sudersanan Malarvizhi ◽  
Visvalingam Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Metal Transfer ◽  
Post Weld Heat Treatment ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Cold Metal ◽  
Weld Heat

AbstractAluminium alloys of 6xxx series are widely used in the fabrication of light weight structures especially, where high strength to weight ratio and excellent weld-ability characteristics are desirable. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is the most predominantly used welding process in many industries due to the ease of automation. In this investigation, an attempt has been made to identify the best variant of GMAW process to overcome the problems like alloy segregation, precipitate dissolution and heat affected zone (HAZ) softening. Thin sheets of AA6061-T6 alloy were welded by cold metal transfer (CMT) and Pulsed CMT (PCMT). Among the two joints, the joint made by PCMT technique exhibited superior tensile properties due to the mechanical stirring action in the weld pool caused by forward and rearward movement of the wire along with the controllable diffusion rate at the interface caused by shorter solidification time. However, softening still exists in the welded joints. Further to increase the joint efficiency and to minimize HAZ softening, the joints were subjected to post weld heat treatment (PWHT). Approximately 10% improvement in the tensile properties had been observed in the PWHT joints due to the nucleation of strengthening precipitates in the weld metal and HAZ.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AlSi7Mg0.6 Aluminum Alloy Fabricated by Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing Based on Cold Metal Transfer (WAAM-CMT)

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Yang ◽  
Cunjuan Xia ◽  
Yaqi Deng ◽  
Xianfeng Li ◽  
Haowei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Metal Transfer ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cold Metal

Wire and arc additive manufacturing based on cold metal transfer (WAAM-CMT) has aroused wide public concern in recent years as one of the most advanced technologies for manufacturing components with complex geometries. However, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the parts fabricated by WAAM-CMT technology mostly are intolerable for engineering application and should be improved necessarily. In this study, heat treatment was proposed to optimize the microstructure and enhance mechanical properties in the case of AlSi7Mg0.6 alloy. After heat treatment, the division between coarse grain zone and fine grain zone of as-deposited samples seemed to disappear and the distribution of Si and Mg elements was more uniform. What is more, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength were improved significantly, while the ductility could be sustained after heat treatment. The improvement of strength is attributed to precipitation strengthening, and the shape change of Si phase. No reduction in ductility is due to the higher work hardening rate caused by nanostructured precipitate. It is proved that heat treatment as an effective method can control the microstructure and enhance comprehensive mechanical properties, which will boost rapid development of WAAM industrial technology.

Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature-Rate Parameters on Structure and Complex of Physical-Mechanical Properties in VST5553 Titanium Alloy Rod Semi-Finished Goods

2017 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 785-788
Author(s):  
A.V. Zhelnina ◽  
A.G. Illarionov ◽  
M.S. Kalienko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Temperature Rate

VST5553 titanium alloy is high strength (α + β) - transition alloy which is used for the production of heavy-duty parts [1]. It is known [2], that the cooling rate changing during the heat treatment can change the phases ratio in the alloy. With regards to the VST5553 alloy, this may be due to different cooling rates over the cross section of large-sized semi-finished goods. This in turn affects a complex of properties. Thus, it is necessary to know the effect of the cooling rate of two-phase region on the structure and properties, particularly the VST5553 alloy. However, the research in this area is not sufficient enough. The present study is devoted to this issue.

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure Evolution of Ti-6Al-3Sn-3Zr-3Mo-3Nb-1W-0.2Si Titanium Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1828-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yun Song ◽  
Wen Jing Zhang ◽  
Teng Ma ◽  
Wen Jun Ye ◽  
Song Xiao Hui
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Α Phase

Ti-6Al-3Sn-3Zr-3Mo-3Nb-1W-0.2Si (BTi-6431S) alloy is a novel two-phase high temperature titanium alloy for short-term using in aerospace industry up to 700°C. The effects of heat treatment on the microstructure evolution of BTi-6431S alloy bar were investigated through optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that solution treatment in β region at 1010°C followed by water quenching results in the formation of orthorhombic martensite α′′ phase, while air cooling leads to the formation of hexagonal martensite α′ phase. When solution-treated in α+β phase field at temperatures from 900°C to 980°C following by water quenching, the content of primary α phase decreases with the increase of heat treatment temperature. For the alloy subjected to identical heat treatment, the content of Al in α phase is much higher than that in β phase, while the contents of Nb, Mo and W elements in α phase are much less than those in β phase.

scholarly journals Development of heat treatment modes for a two-phase titanium alloy to form regulated structure and properties complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 00049
Author(s):  
Svetlana Skvortsova ◽  
Galina Gurtovaya ◽  
Maria Afonina ◽  
Natalya Ruchina ◽  
Gulnara Zaynetdinova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Hot Rolled

The article shows the possibility of creating structure of the same type and, accordingly, a close level of properties in hot-rolled semi-finished products of the VST2K alloy with different chemical composition by means of heat treatment.

Effect of path strategy on residual stress and distortion in laser and cold metal transfer hybrid additive manufacturing

2021 ◽  
pp. 102203
Author(s):  
Runsheng Li ◽  
Guilan Wang ◽  
Xushan Zhao ◽  
Fusheng Dai ◽  
Cheng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Metal Transfer ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Cold Metal
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