scholarly journals A Critical Review of Carbon Quantum Dots: From Synthesis toward Applications in Electrochemical Biosensors for the Determination of a Depression-Related Neurotransmitter

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3987
Author(s):  
Jingying Xu ◽  
Jiangang Tao ◽  
Lili Su ◽  
Jidong Wang ◽  
Tifeng Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Human Fluids

Depression has become the leading cause of disability worldwide and is a global health burden. Quantitative assessment of depression-related neurotransmitter concentrations in human fluids is highly desirable for diagnosis, monitoring disease, and therapeutic interventions of depression. In this review, we focused on the latest strategies of CD-based electrochemical biosensors for detecting a depression-related neurotransmitter. We began this review with an overview of the microstructure, optical properties and cytotoxicity of CDs. Next, we introduced the development of synthetic methods of CDs, including the “Top-down” route and “Bottom-up” route. Finally, we highlighted detecting an application of CD-based electrochemical sensors in a depression-related neurotransmitter. Moreover, challenges and future perspectives on the recent progress of CD-based electrochemical sensors in depression-related neurotransmitter detection were discussed.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Sensors for Determination of Bromate in Water and Food Samples—Review

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Sheriff A. Balogun ◽  
Omolola E. Fayemi
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Metal Phthalocyanines ◽  
Baking Industry

The application of potassium bromate in the baking industry is used in most parts of the world to avert the human health compromise that characterizes bromates carcinogenic effect. Herein, various methods of its analysis, especially the electrochemical methods of bromate detection, were extensively discussed. Amperometry (AP), cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), electrochemiluminescence (ECL), differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are the techniques that have been deployed for bromate detection in the last two decades, with 50%, 23%, 7.7%, 7.7%, 7.7% and 3.9% application, respectively. Despite the unique electrocatalytic activity of metal phthalocyanine (MP) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs), only few sensors based on MP and CQDs are available compared to the conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), metal (oxide) and graphene-based sensors. This review emboldens the underutilization of CQDs and metal phthalocyanines as sensing materials and briefly discusses the future perspective on MP and CQDs application in bromate detection via EIS.

scholarly journals A Review on Quantum Dots Modified g-C3N4-Based Photocatalysts with Improved Photocatalytic Activity

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanling Chen ◽  
Xue Bai
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

In the 21st century, the development of sustainable energy and advanced technologies to cope with energy shortages and environmental pollution has become vital. Semiconductor photocatalysis is a promising technology that can directly convert solar energy to chemical energy and is extensively used for its environmentally-friendly properties. In the field of photocatalysis, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has obtained increasing interest due to its unique physicochemical properties. Therefore, numerous researchers have attempted to integrate quantum dots (QDs) with g-C3N4 to optimize the photocatalytic activity. In this review, recent progress in combining g-C3N4 with QDs for synthesizing new photocatalysts was introduced. The methods of QDs/g-C3N4-based photocatalysts synthesis are summarized. Recent studies assessing the application of photocatalytic performance and mechanism of modification of g-C3N4 with carbon quantum dots (CQDs), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and g-C3N4 QDs are herein discussed. Lastly, challenges and future perspectives of QDs modified g-C3N4-based photocatalysts in photocatalytic applications are discussed. We hope that this review will provide a valuable overview and insight for the promotion of applications of QDs modified g-C3N4 based-photocatalysts.

Quantitative Assessment of Soluble Fibrin in Plasma by Affinity Chromatography – A Comparative Study with desAA-Fibrin, desAABB-Fibrin and Fibrinogen

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (02) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried Thiel ◽  
Ulrich Delvos ◽  
Gert Müller-Berghaus
Keyword(s):  
Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Soluble Fibrin ◽  
Binding Characteristics ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Immobilized Proteins ◽  
Sepharose 4B

SummaryA quantitative determination of soluble fibrin in plasma was carried out by affinity chromatography. For this purpose, desAA-fibrin and fibrinogen immobilized on Sepharose 4B were used at the stationary side whereas batroxobin-induced 125I-desAA-fibrin or thrombin-induced 125I-desAABB-fibrin mixed with plasma containing 131I-fibrinogen represented the fluid phase. The binding characteristics of these mixtures to the immobilized proteins were compared at 20° C and 37° C. Complete binding of both types of fibrin to the immobilized desAA-fibrin was always seen at 20° C as well as at 37° C. However, binding of soluble fibrin was accompanied by substantial binding of fibrinogen that was more pronounced at 20° C. Striking differences depending on the temperature at which the affinity chromatography was carried out, were documented for the fibrinogen-fibrin interaction. At 20° C more than 90% of the applied desAA-fibrin was bound to the immobilized fibrinogen whereas at 37° C only a mean of 17% were retained at the fibrinogen-Sepharose column. An opposite finding with regard to the tested temperature was made with the desAABB-fibrin. Nearly complete binding to insolubilized fibrinogen was found at 37° C (95%) but only 58% of the desAABB-fibrin were bound at 20° C. The binding patterns did not change when the experiments were performed in the presence of calcium ions. The opposite behaviour of the two types of soluble fibrin to immobilized fibrinogen at the different temperatures, together with the substantial binding of fibrinogen in the presence of soluble fibrin to insolubilized fibrin in every setting tested, devaluates affinity chromatography as a tool in the quantitative assessment of soluble fibrin in patients’ plasma.

LUMINESCENT DETERMINATION OF SUGAR IN NATURAL HONEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
B.M. GAREEV ◽  
◽  
A.M. ABDRAKHMANOV ◽  
G.L. SHARIPOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Photoluminescence Intensity ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Natural Honey

The photoluminescence of carbon quantum dots synthesized from natural honey and mixtures of honey and sugar has been studied. An increase in the sugar content leads to a decrease in the photoluminescence intensity without changing the shape of the luminescence spectrum of these quantum dots aqueous solutions, which is associated with a decrease in the yield of their synthesis in the sugar presence. The discovered effect can be used to detect sugar in honey. When examining five different market samples of flower honey using this method, two of them showed a significant decrease in the photoluminescence intensity. A laboratory test for compliance with GOST 19792-2017 Standard requirements established an excess of the sucrose content in these samples. Luminescent determination of sugar in honey does not require complicated equipment and can be used to develop a new analytical method for determining the sugar content in counterfeit natural honey.

Recent Progress and Future Perspectives of Antibiofilm Drugs Immobilized on Nanomaterials

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 631-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Mohammad M. Khan ◽  
Young-Mog Kim
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Future Perspectives

Biomimetic Electrochemical Sensors Based on Imprinted Polymers for Determination of Mercury Ion

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Ganjali ◽  
T. Alizadeh ◽  
B. Larijani ◽  
M. Aghazadeh ◽  
E. Pourbasheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Mercury Ion ◽  
Imprinted Polymers
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