scholarly journals Corrosion Behaviour of High-Strength Al 7005 Alloy and Its Composites Reinforced with Industrial Waste-Based Fly Ash and Glass Fibre: Comparison of Stir Cast and Extrusion Conditions

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3929
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Swamy ◽  
Shantharaja Mylaraiah ◽  
Manjunath Patel Gowdru Chandrashekarappa ◽  
Avinash Lakshmikanthan ◽  
Danil Yurievich Pimenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Glass Network ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Industrial Wastes

The stringent demand to develop lightweight materials with enhanced properties suitable for various engineering applications is the focus of this research work. Industrial wastes such as fly ash (FA) and S-glass-fibres (GF) were used as reinforcement materials for high-strength alloy, i.e., Al 7005. Stir casting routes were employed for fabricating the four samples, Al 7005, Al 7005 + 5% GF, Al 7005 + 6% FA and Al 7005 + 5% GF + 6% FA. The extrusion process with different extrusion ratios (ER: 5.32:1, and 2.66:1) was used to examine the properties of all four samples. Extruded samples with ER: 5.32: 1 resulted in equiaxed grains with refined structure compared to stir casting parts. The effect of the extrusion process and the addition of reinforcements (GF and FA) on the gravimetric, electrochemical, and electrochemical impedance corrosion behaviour of Al 7005 composites in 1M HCl (Hydrochloric acid) solution were investigated. The results of all three corrosion methods showed that Al 7005 + 6% FA exhibited higher corrosion resistance. Corrosion rate of Al 7005, Al 7005 + 5% GF, Al 7005 + 6% FA and Al 7005 + 5% GF + 6% FA is found equal to 3.25, 2.41, 0.34, and 0.76 mpy, respectively. The FA particles remain inert and act as a physical barrier with corrosive media during the corrosion test. GF undergoes fibre degradation or disrupts the continuity of the glass network as a result of fibre leaching, which increases the corrosion rate in the sample. The gravimetric study showed that the corrosion rates decreased with an increase in extrusion ratio, which might be due to corrosion passivation increases and improved properties. The scanning electron microscopy reveals that corrosion fits, flakes and micro-cracks were observed more in the as-cast composites than that of extrusion composites, promoting the corrosion rate.

Effect of nickel content in the corrosion process of TiC/Cu-Ni composites immersed in synthetic seawater

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (63) ◽  
pp. 3475-3484
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Téllez-Villaseñor ◽  
Carlos A. León Patino ◽  
Ricardo Galván Martínez ◽  
Ena A. Aguilar Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Synthetic Seawater ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Static Conditions

ABSTRACTThe work presents an electrochemical study of the corrosion behaviour of two TiC/Cu-Ni metal matrix composites with a content of 10 and 20 wt.% Ni immersed in synthetic seawater. The composites were synthesized by a capillary infiltration technique, obtaining dense materials TiC/Cu-10Ni and TiC/Cu-20 Ni with a residual porosity of 1.8 and 1.7%, respectively. The corrosion rate (CR) was evaluated from the techniques of polarization curves (PC), linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Electrochemical measurements were carried out under static conditions, ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure at 24 hours exposure in the electrolytic medium. The corrosion rate is affected by the Ni content in the matrix, with less corrosion in the composite with a higher Ni content. The higher content of Ni in the Cu-Ni alloy provides higher passivation and stability to the corrosion products film that are absorbed on the composite surface. Microscopic examination (SEM) showed a characteristic morphology of a corrosion mechanism of the localized type (pits and crevices) generated by a differential aeration, where the TiC/Cu-10Ni composite showed greater degradation.

FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF HIGH STRENGTH GEO-POLYMER CONCRETE BEAMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vankudothu Bhikshma ◽  
Kandiraju Promodkumar ◽  
Putta Panduranghiah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Load Carrying

The demand for concrete is increasing day by day. As the consumption of cement is increased, environmental issues arise due to the release of CO2 during the manufacturing of cement. The objective of this research work is to produce a pollution free concrete with a combination of fly ash and GGBS (Ground granulated blast furnace slag) and without the use of cement. In this paper an attempt was made to study the mechanical properties of high strength geo-polymer concrete of grade M60 using GGBS, fly ash and micro silica. The testing program was planned for the mechanical properties of geo-polymer concrete and flexural behavior of corresponding beams. The experimental results indicated that the geo-polymer concrete M60 grade has a compressive strength of 70.45 MPa at the age of 28 days cured at ambient condition. Further, flexural strength and split tensile strengths for M60 grade high strength geo-polymer concrete at 28 days were observed to be 5.45 MPa and 3.63 MPa respectively. The modulus of elasticity was higher than the theoretical value proposed by IS 456-2000. It was also observed that the load carrying capacity of M60 grade high strength geo-polymer concrete found to be more than corresponding grade conventional concrete. The load-deflection, moment-curvature relationships were studied. The experimental results were encouraging to continue for further research in the area high strength geo-polymer concrete.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behaviour of a New Low-Nickel Stainless Steel Reinforcement: A Study in Simulated Pore Solutions and in Fly Ash Mortars

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Criado ◽  
S. Fajardo ◽  
J. M. Bastidas
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Humidity Measurements ◽  
Evolution With Time ◽  
Alkali Activated

The present paper studies the corrosion behaviour of a new lower-cost type of austenitic stainless steel (SS) with a low nickel content in alkaline-saturated calcium hydroxide solution (a simulated concrete pore (SCP) solution) with sodium chloride (0.0%, 0.4%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 5.0% NaCl) and embedded in alkali-activated fly ash (AAFA) mortars manufactured using two alkaline solutions, with and without chloride additions (2% and 5%), in an environment of constant 95% relative humidity. Measurements were performed at early age curing up to 180 days of experimentation. The evolution with time of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was studied.Rctvalues obtained in SCP solution or in fly ash mortars were so high that low-nickel SS preserved its passivity, exhibiting high corrosion resistance

scholarly journals Influence of Heat Treatment on the Corrosion Behaviour of Aluminium Silver Nano Particle/Calcium Carbonate Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Omolayo Michael Ikumapayi ◽  
Esther T. Akinlabi ◽  
Olayinka Oluwatosin Abegunde ◽  
Precious Ken-Ezihuo ◽  
Henry A. Benjamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Corrosive Media ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Weight Composition ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Hybrid Reinforcement

Corrosion is one of the leading sources of material failure and deterioration in society. Scholars have proposed different techniques to mitigate corrosion. This research study explores and validates one of these techniques. An Aluminium metal matrix (AMC) was produced using the stir casting method with various weight percentages of AgNp and CaCO3 reinforcements. Heat treatment was performed on the samples to enhance the metallurgical and corrosion properties of the materials. The corrosion rate of the AMC samples was tested in different corrosive media (neutral and acidic) with different concentrations using the weight loss analysis technique for several days. It was observed that the corrosion rate of the AMC relies on the nature of the electrolyte and the percentage concentration of this electrolyte. The heat treatment improves the corrosion resistance of the AMC samples. In addition, an increase in the % weight composition of the reinforcement (AgNp + CaCO3) results in a reduction in the corrosion rate of the AMC in both corrosive media. The optimal %weight composition was found to be 4% for the hybrid reinforcement of AgNp + CaCO3 and 6% for the CaCO3 reinforcement in both the untreated and heat-treated samples.

scholarly journals Development of quaternary blended high performance concrete made with high reactivity metakaolin

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Srinivasa Reddy ◽  
R Nirmala
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Ternary Blend ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Strength Grade

In the last three decades, supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash, silica fume and ground granulated blast furnace slag have been judiciously utilized as cement replacement materials as these can significantly enhance the strength and durability characteristics of concrete in comparison with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) alone. Hence, high-performance concretes can be produced at lower water/powder ratios by incorporating these supplementary materials. One of the main objectives of the present research work was to investigate synergistic action of binary, ternary and quaternary blended high strength grade (M80) concretes on its compressive strength. For blended high strength grade (M80) concrete mixes the optimum combinations are: Binary blend (95%OPC +5% FA, 95%OPC +5% MS and 95%OPC +5%MK), ternary blend (65%OPC+20%FA+15%MS) and quaternary blend (50%OPC+28%FA+11%MS+11%MK). Use of metakaolin in fly ash based blended concretes enhances compressive strength significantly and  found to be cost effective in terms of less cement usage, increased usage of fly ash and also plays a major role in early strength development  of fly ash based blended concrete.  

scholarly journals Long Term Corrosion Experiment of Steel Rebar in Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete in NaCl Solution

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. P. Asmara ◽  
J. P. Siregar ◽  
C. Tezara ◽  
Wan Nurlisa ◽  
J. Jamiluddin
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Electrochemical Measurement ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Polarization Diagram ◽  
Cell Potential

This research focuses on an experimental investigation to identify the effects of fly ash on the electrochemical process of concrete during the curing time. A rebar was analysed using potentiostat to measure the rest potential, polarization diagram, and corrosion rate. Water-to-cement ratio and amount of fly ash were varied. After being cured for 24 hours at a temperature of 65°C, the samples were immersed in 3.5% of NaCl solution for 365 days for electrochemical measurement. Measurements of the half-cell potential and corrosion current density indicated that the fly ash has significant effects on corrosion behaviour of concrete. Although fly ash tends to create passivity on anodic current, it increases corrosion rate. The corrosion potential of this concrete mixture decreases compared to concrete without fly ash. From the result, it can be summarized that concrete mixture with 70% of OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) and 30% fly ash has shown the best corrosion resistance.

scholarly journals Synergistic Use of Fly Ash and Silica Fume to Produce High-Strength Self-Compacting Cementitious Composites

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tausif Arshad ◽  
Saeed Ahmad ◽  
Anwar Khitab ◽  
Asad Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
Binary Blend ◽  
Powder Content

High-performance cementitious composites with self-compacting characteristics are gaining due importance in meeting the challenges of the modern world. This experimental study deals with developing high-strength self-compacting cement mortar composites containing a binary blend of silica fume and fly ash. Seven specimens series were prepared with fly ash (FA), ranging from 17.5% to 25%, and silica fume (SF), from 1.25% to 7.5% of the cement mass. The control specimen powder content consists of 80% ordinary portland cement (OPC), 20% FA, and 0% SF; in the remaining six series of specimens, OPC is kept constant, whereas FA is reduced by 1% and SF is increased by 1% subsequently. Rheological behavior, mechanical properties, and microstructural characteristics of the developed high-performance composites were evaluated. The optimum binary blend for achieving the maximum flow spread and flow rate of the cement mortar is reported as 80% FA and 20% SF. For superior mechanical characteristics, optimum powder content was found as 80% OPC, 17.5% FA, and 2.5% SF. Using the proposed binary blend for construction applications will produce high-strength composites and promote sustainable development due to the use of industrial wastes as OPC replacement.

Investigations on the Structure and Properties of the Hot Extruded AA2014-Nano SiCp Composite

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanmuga Sundaram Karibeeran ◽  
Dhanalakshmi Sathishkumar ◽  
Sankar Ramaiyan ◽  
Rajamanickam Subban
Keyword(s):  
Base Alloy ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Thermal Coefficient ◽  
Nano Particle ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Structural Applications

Aluminium based metal matrix composites with nano particle reinforcement are currently finding wide spread applications in automobile, aerospace and space structures because of their high strength, fatigue life, excellent wear resistance, low thermal coefficient value. However, in order to use these materials for critical automotive applications, extensive study in terms of manufacturing feasibility of the composites have to be carried out. Based on the objectives, the present investigation focuses on the development of Aluminium-SiC nano composite for structural applications. The aim of this research work is to arrive at an optimum weight faction of nano particle which gives the highest properties of the nano composite. The composites were produced by stir casting route. The base alloy and the composites were extruded and subsequently subjected to age hardening treatment. Microstructural evaluation, hardness studies were carried out on both the base alloy and the composites in the as-cast and extruded conditions. The effect of extrusion on the microstructure and properties of the AA2014-0.8 wt.%SiC composites have been discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Influence of Heat Treatment on the Corrosion of Microalloyed Steel in Sodium Chloride Solution

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asiful Hossain Seikh
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Microalloyed Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Microalloyed Steels ◽  
High Mechanical Property ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Corrosion Resistance Property ◽  
Strength And Ductility

Microalloyed Steels find wide application in car bodies and other engineering parts because of its high strength as well as high ductility. Very fine grained microstructure is the reason behind the combination of strength and ductility. It has been reported that repeated quenching leads to further refining of microstructure. In the present investigation, corrosion resistance property of E34 microalloy steel has been studied in 3.5% NaCl solution in different microstructural conditions such as the as rolled one and three repeated quenched conditions. Weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization method, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques have been used. To reveal the corrosion resistance of different treated steels, some significant characterization parameters such asEcorr,Icorr,Rp, andRctin linear polarization and EIS curves were analyzed and compared. It is found that with repeated recrystallization grains become finer, and corrosion rate increases suggesting that a compromise has to strike between high mechanical property and corrosion rate.

scholarly journals Embedding of Alumina Reinforcing Elements in the Composite Extrusion Process

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Pietzka ◽  
Marco Schikorra ◽  
A. Erman Tekkaya
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Process Window ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
Pressing Operation ◽  
Aluminum Profiles

Extruded aluminum profiles are essential for lightweight constructions in contemporary transport and automotive applications. The reinforcement of such aluminum-based profiles with high-strength materials offers a high potential for weight reduction and an improvement of functional and mechanical properties. In comparison to conventional composite extrusion using fiber or particle reinforced billets, the alternatively developed process for the embedding of endless reinforcing elements provides enormous advantages regarding extrusion forces, load-adapted reinforcement, and tool abrasion. In this extrusion process with conventional billets, modified tools with portholes are used to position reinforcing elements from outside the pressing tool and to embed them into the material flow during the pressing operation. This composite extrusion process is part of the research work started in 2003 and carried out within the scope of the Collaborative Research Center SFB/TR10. To increase the potential of composite extrusion with endless reinforcing elements, the manufacture of composite extrusion profiles with high-strength non-metallic alumina wires is planned. Due to the wires’ specific properties, e.g. high stiffness, their deflection behavior must be analyzed to guarantee a stable feeding-in process. In this paper the specific behavior of alumina reinforcing elements regarding the feeding-in process is analyzed by experimental investigations. The main influencing factors are determined and a process window is deduced.

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