scholarly journals Pyrolysis of Pruning Residues from Various Types of Orchards and Pretreatment for Energetic Use of Biochar

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2969
Author(s):  
Paweł Kazimierski ◽  
Paulina Hercel ◽  
Tomasz Suchocki ◽  
Jakub Smoliński ◽  
Agnieszka Pladzyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Heating Value

The routine pruning and cutting of fruit trees provides a considerable amount of biowaste each year. This lignocellulosic biomass, mainly in the form of branches, trunks, rootstocks, and leaves, is a potential high-quality fuel, yet often is treated as waste. The results of a feasibility study on biochar production by pyrolysis of residues from orchard pruning were presented. Three types of biomass waste were selected as raw materials and were obtained from the most common fruit trees in Poland: apple (AP), pear (PR), and plum (PL) tree prunings. Two heating rates and three final pyrolysis temperatures were applied. For the slow (SP) and fast pyrolysis (FP) processes, the heating rates were 15 °C/min and 100 °C/min, respectively. The samples were heated from 25 °C up to 400, 500, and 600 °C. Chemical analyses of the raw materials were conducted, and the pyrolysis product yields were determined. A significant rise of higher heating value (HHV) was observed for the solid pyrolysis products, from approximately 23.45 MJ/kg for raw materials up to approximately 29.52 MJ/kg for pyrolysis products at 400 °C, and 30.53 MJ/kg for pyrolysis products at 600 °C. Higher carbon content was observed for materials obtained by fast pyrolysis conducted at higher temperatures.

scholarly journals Pre-Treatment of Furniture Waste for Smokeless Charcoal Production

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3188
Author(s):  
Paweł Kazimierski ◽  
Paulina Hercel ◽  
Katarzyna Januszewicz ◽  
Dariusz Kardaś
Keyword(s):  
Oriented Strand Board ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using furniture waste for smokeless fuel production using the pyrolysis process. Four types of wood-based wastes were used in the pyrolysis process: pine sawdust (PS), chipboard (CB), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), and oriented strand board (OSB). Additionally, the slow and fast types of pyrolysis were compared, where the heating rates were 15 °C/min and 100 °C/min, respectively. Chemical analyses of the raw materials and the pyrolysis product yields are presented. A significant calorific value rise was observed for the solid pyrolysis products (from approximately 17.5 MJ/kg for raw materials up to approximately 29 MJ/kg for slow pyrolysis products and 31 MJ/kg for fast pyrolysis products). A higher carbon content of char was observed in raw materials (from approximately 48% for raw materials up to approximately 75% for slow pyrolysis products and approximately 82% for fast pyrolysis products) than after the pyrolysis process. This work presents the possibility of utilizing waste furniture material that is mostly composed of wood, but is not commonly used as a substrate for conversion into low-emission fuel. The results prove that the proposed solution produced char characterized by the appropriate properties to be classified as smokeless coal.

Use of Biomass and Waste for Energy Purposes

2016 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Peter Tonhauzer ◽  
Marcela Morvova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Contaminated Waste ◽  
Suitable Process

This article focuses on the use of alternative renewable energy sources (waste and biomass) as a full replacement for traditional non-renewable resources. We focus on ways to increase the heating value of the raw materials by drying and pyrolysis, and the possibilities of influencing low heating value of fuels by using pyrolysis products. Pyrolysis generates heat and products, which may be used directly as fuel or after modification as additives for fuels. Pyrolysis is a suitable process for recovery of municipal, biological or contaminated waste. It contributes to a sustainable way of energy production and waste management. Moreover, the production in local conditions from local resources, increases land use, employment in the regions and energy self-sufficiency in the state. With combined production of fuels (pellets, briquettes) from biomass, wastes and pyrolysis products we expect to increase the heating value of well over 20 MJ.kg-1.

scholarly journals The Study of the Distillation Volume of the Liquid Tire Pyrolysis Product

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 02019
Author(s):  
Elena Vasilieva ◽  
Aleksandr Nevedrov ◽  
Andrey Papin ◽  
Aleksandr Chernik
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Synthetic Motor

At present, the disposal of polymer and rubber waste, and especially automobile tires, is one of the most acute environmental problems. These types of waste pollute the environment both when they are stored at landfills and during subsequent disposal, especially if it is carried out in the form of incineration. Therefore, at present, much attention is paid to thermal methods of their processing. The results of the study of liquid product of pyrolysis of tires of Kuznetskecology+ LLC are presented in the work. During its distillation, the following fractures were obtained (the yield wt% is indicated in parentheses): petroleum (4), gasoline (21), kerosene (18), diesel (47), fuel oil (10), for which the refractive index was determined and a conclusion about their chemical composition was drawn. When analyzing the data obtained during the analysis of liquid pyrolysis product and its fractions, as well as on the basis of published data, possible chemical reactions occurring during vulcanized rubber pyrolysis are proposed. Research results show that pyrolysis products are valuable chemical raw materials that have great prospects for industrial use, including the production of synthetic motor fuels.

scholarly journals Analisis Energi Aktivasi Pada Variasi Kecepatan Udara Dan Laju Reaksi Pembakaran Briket Limbah Kelapa Tua, Kelapa Muda Dan Kakao

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Wahidin Nuriana ◽  
Agus Suryanto ◽  
Mustafa Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Thermal Gravimetry ◽  
Rate Of Combustion ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Air Speed

The purpose of this study was to obtain activation energy with the rate of combustion air, reduced mass weight and reaction rate of combustion of charcoal briquettes from biomass waste of old coconut, young coconut, cacao waste with carbonization at a temperature of 400oC, for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The study was conducted in a laboratory, with 3 (three) repetitions. The study was carried out by sorting raw materials, chopping, drying, carbonizing, grinding, sifting, adding tapioca glue to print, and pressing at 115 kg / cm2. The results of the briquette were analyzed for heat, the highest calorific value of old coconut waste, young coconut, cocoa waste was analyzed for activation energy during the combustion process using DSC by varying the air heating rate of 20, 30, 40 ml / minute. The highest yield of old coconut briquette heating value is 6,927 cal/g with 90 minutes carbonization time. The lowest activation energy is 133.20 joules / gram on old coconut briquettes with an air speed of 40 ml / minute. In the rate of combustion reaction by thermogravimetry with Thermal Gravimetry Analyzer (TGA), the greatest reduction in mass weight on old coconut waste briquettes compared to young coconut and cocoa waste briquettes was 55.34% from 590.5 oC to 599.2 oC.

Effect of Soil on Fast Pyrolysis Products from Pine (Pinus taeda) Biomass

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ujjain Pradhan ◽  
Sushil Adhikari ◽  
Oladiran Fasina ◽  
Hyungseok Nam
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Dehydration Reactions ◽  
Bio Oil

Abstract. Detrital soil contamination during wood harvesting cannot be avoided without a further cleaning step. The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of Piedmont soil on pinewood pyrolysis products. Ash content was varied at 0.56%, 1.16%, 2.77%, 4.40%, 6.87%, 8.35%, and 15.52% by adding soil to woodchips to mimic the highly soil-contaminated biomass that can be found in biorefineries. This study found that bio-oil yield decreased from 47.1% to 26.3% with an increase in ash content from 0.56% to 15.52%. However, the oxygen content of the bio-oil decreased and the carbon content increased, which led to an increase in heating value from 22.5 to 24.9 MJ kg-1. Inorganics in the soil aided in the catalytic cracking and dehydration reactions for bio-oil formation. A slight increase in the total acid number (106 to 117 mg KOH g-1) and water content (20.72% to 24.99%) was observed with more soil inclusion in the pyrolysis. The effect of soil on biochar O/C and H/C ratios was minimal even though the heating value decreased with an increase in soil content. This study showed that soil (4%wt to 7%wt) in the biomass assisted in deoxygenating the bio-oil and lowered the total mass yield while keeping the total energy yield almost constant. Keywords: Fast pyrolysis, Pinewood, Pinus taeda, Soil, Thermochemical conversion.

scholarly journals In line upgrading of biomass fast pyrolysis products using low-cost catalysts

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 120682
Author(s):  
Enara Fernandez ◽  
Laura Santamaria ◽  
Maite Artetxe ◽  
Maider Amutio ◽  
Aitor Arregi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Biomass Fast Pyrolysis

scholarly journals Colored cotton wastes valuation through thermal and catalytic reforming of pyrolysis vapors (Py-GC/MS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janduir Egito da Silva ◽  
Guilherme Quintela Calixto ◽  
Rodolfo Luiz Bezerra de Araújo Medeiros ◽  
Marcus Antônio de Freitas Melo ◽  
Dulce Maria de Araújo Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Catalytic Reforming ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton ◽  
Main Influence

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the products of the catalytic pyrolysis of naturally colored cotton residues, type BRS (seeds from Brazil), called BRS-Verde, BRS-Rubi, BRS-Topázio and BRS-Jade. The energy characterization of biomass was evaluated through ultimate and proximate analysis, higher heating value, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content, thermogravimetric analysis and apparent density. Analytical pyrolysis was performed at 500 °C in an analytical pyrolyzer from CDS Analytical connected to a gas chromatograph coupled to the mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The pyrolysis vapors were reformed at 300 and 500 °C through thermal and catalytic cracking with zeolites (ZSM-5 and HZSM-5). It has been noticed that pyrolysis vapor reforming at 500 °C promoted partial deoxygenation and cracking reactions, while the catalytic reforming showed better results for the product deoxygenation. The catalyst reforming of pyrolysis products, especially using HZSM-5 at 500 °C, promoted the formation of monoaromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene and styrene, which are important precursors of polymers, solvents and biofuels. The main influence on the yields of these aromatic products is due to the catalytic activity of ZSM-5 favored by increased temperature that promotes cracking reactions due expanded zeolites channels.

Evaluation of properties of fast pyrolysis products obtained, from Canadian waste biomass

2013 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 330-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Azargohar ◽  
Kathlene L. Jacobson ◽  
Erin E. Powell ◽  
Ajay K. Dalai
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Pyrolysis Products

The influence of harvest and storage on the properties of and fast pyrolysis products from Miscanthus x giganteus

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 247-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E. Greenhalf ◽  
D.J. Nowakowski ◽  
N. Yates ◽  
I. Shield ◽  
A.V. Bridgwater
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Bio-pellets Manufacture from Palm Fruit Skin as Renewable Alternative Fuels in Updraft Type Gasification Furnaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-920
Author(s):  
Ridwan Abdurrahman ◽  
Radja Masyita Aulya Syafitri ◽  
Abrar Ridwan ◽  
Lega Putri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Prior Processing

Biomass is a suitable alternative to be used as fuel, but the use of biomass without prior processing can cause respiratory disease. In Indragiri Hilir Regency, the utilization of palm fruit skin waste is still minimal. Bio-pellet is a fuel derived from biomass waste that has gone through a densification process. The process of making bio-pellets is carried out by refining the raw materials, mixing the adhesives, printing the raw materials that are pressed under high pressure, and drying. The results of the research on the bio-pellet characteristic test of Nipah fruit peel waste according to its parameters obtained an average value of 1.28% water content, 0.51% ash content, 21.3% flying substance content, 76.88% bound carbon content and weight. type 1.41 gr / cm3. For the combustion test in the updraft type gasification furnace with the addition of 0.5kg, 0.3kg and 0.2kg of fuel, the results obtained from the rate of fuel consumption are 0.041kg / minute, 0.033kg / minute and 0.033kg respectively. /minute. In the results of combustion efficiency, the value according to SNI 7926: 2013 is the addition of 0.5kg of fuel at the beginning of ignition and 0.2 kg at the end of ignition, which is 0.04.

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