scholarly journals Fabrication of Multi-Layer Metal Oxides Structure for Colored Glass

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2437
Author(s):  
Akpeko Gasonoo ◽  
Hyeon-Sik Ahn ◽  
Eun-Jeong Jang ◽  
Min-Hoi Kim ◽  
Jin Seog Gwag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Colored Glass ◽  
Wave Optics ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Color Design ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Design Freedom ◽  
Bright Blue

This study proposes front colored glass for building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems based on multi-layered derivatives of glass/MoO3/Al2O3 with a process technology developed to realize it. Molybdenum oxide (MoO3) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) layers are selected as suitable candidates to achieve thin multi-layer color films, owing to the large difference in their refractive indices. We first investigated from a simulation based on wave optics that the glass/MoO3/Al2O3 multi-layer type offers more color design freedom and a cheaper fabrication process when compared to the glass/Al2O3/MoO3 multi-layer type. Based on the simulation, bright blue and green were primarily fabricated on glass. It is further demonstrated that brighter colors, such as yellow and pink, can be achieved secondarily with glass/MoO3/Al2O3/MoO3 due to enhanced multi-interfacial reflections. The fabricated color glasses showed the desired optical properties with a maximum transmittance exceeding 80%. This technology exhibits promising potential in commercial BIPV system applications.

Simulationsbasierte Optimierung von Fabrikabläufen*/Simulation-based optimization of factory processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (04) ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
T. Donhauser ◽  
L. Baier ◽  
T. Ebersbach ◽  
J. Franke ◽  
P. Schuderer
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Decomposition Approach ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Simulation Based Optimization ◽  
And Control

Die Kalksandsteinherstellung weist aufgrund prozesstechnisch und zeitlich divergierender Teilprozesse einen hohen Planungs- sowie Steuerungsaufwand auf. Durch Einsatz eines simulationsgestützten Optimierungsverfahrens kann diese Komplexität bewältigt werden. Um bei hoher Lösungsqualität eine Laufzeit zu erreichen, die einen operativen Einsatz des Verfahrens gestattet, wird auf Basis einer vorangegangenen Studie ein Dekompositionsansatz implementiert und dessen Eignung durch Testläufe validiert.   Calcium silicate masonry production requires a great deal of planning and control due to the fact that subprocesses vary in terms of process technology and time. To overcome this complexity, a simulation-based optimization approach is applied. As a short runtime that allows the method to be used operationally and yet still offers a high quality of solution is crucial, a decomposition approach is implemented on the basis of a previous study and its suitability is validated by means of test runs.

scholarly journals New fluorochromes for thiols: maleimide and iodoacetamide derivatives of a 3-phenylcoumarin fluorophore.

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
T O Sippel
Keyword(s):  
Blue Fluorescence ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Bright Blue Fluorescence ◽  
Bright Blue

N-(4-(7 - Diethylamino - methylcoumarin - 3 yl)phenyl)maleimide (CPM) and the corresponding iodoacetamide are described. When applied to sections at pH 6 and 9, respectively, the two fluorogens are very similar in their reactivity and selectivity toward thiols with which they form adducts having much the same bright blue fluorescence. However, difference in other properties favor CPM for further study.

scholarly journals Combining Monte Carlo methods with coherent wave optics for the simulation of phase-sensitive X-ray imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Peter ◽  
Peter Modregger ◽  
Michael K. Fix ◽  
Werner Volken ◽  
Daniel Frei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Wave Optics ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coherent Wave ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Phase Sensitive

Phase-sensitive X-ray imaging shows a high sensitivity towards electron density variations, making it well suited for imaging of soft tissue matter. However, there are still open questions about the details of the image formation process. Here, a framework for numerical simulations of phase-sensitive X-ray imaging is presented, which takes both particle- and wave-like properties of X-rays into consideration. A split approach is presented where we combine a Monte Carlo method (MC) based sample part with a wave optics simulation based propagation part, leading to a framework that takes both particle- and wave-like properties into account. The framework can be adapted to different phase-sensitive imaging methods and has been validated through comparisons with experiments for grating interferometry and propagation-based imaging. The validation of the framework shows that the combination of wave optics and MC has been successfully implemented and yields good agreement between measurements and simulations. This demonstrates that the physical processes relevant for developing a deeper understanding of scattering in the context of phase-sensitive imaging are modelled in a sufficiently accurate manner. The framework can be used for the simulation of phase-sensitive X-ray imaging, for instance for the simulation of grating interferometry or propagation-based imaging.

Infrared Intensities of Liquids XV: Infrared Refractive Indices from 8000 to 350 cm−1, Absolute Integrated Intensities, Transition Moments, and Dipole Moment Derivatives of Methanol-d, at 25°C

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Bertie ◽  
Shuliang L. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Dipole Moment ◽  
Molecular Properties ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
The Real ◽  
Transition Moments ◽  
Refractive Index Spectrum ◽  
Integrated Intensities ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Real Refractive Index

This paper reports infrared absorption intensities of liquid methanol- d, CH3OD, at 25°C, between 8000 and 350 cm−1 Measurements were made by multiple attenuated total reflection spectroscopy with the use of the CIRCLE cell, and by transmission spectroscopy with a variable-path-length cell with CaF2 windows. The results of these two methods agree excellently and were combined to yield an imaginary refractive index spectrum, k(ν˜) vs. ν˜, between 6187 and 350 cm−1. The imaginary refractive index spectrum was arbitrarily set to zero between 6187 and 8000 cm−1 where k is always less than 2 × 10−6, in order that the real refractive index can be calculated below 8000 cm−1 by Kramers-Krönig transformation. The results are reported as graphs and as tables of the real and imaginary refractive indices between 8000 and 350 cm−1, from which all other infrared properties of liquid methanol- d can be calculated. The accuracy is estimated to be ± 3% below 5900 cm−1 and ± 10% above 5900 cm−1 for the imaginary refractive index and better than ± 0.5% for the real refractive index. In order to obtain molecular information from the refractive indices, the spectrum of the imaginary polarizability multiplied by wavenumber, ν˜ vs. ν˜, was calculated under the assumption of the Lorentz local field. The area under this ν˜ spectrum was separated into the integrated intensities of different vibrations. Molecular properties were calculated from these integrated intensities—specifically, the transition moments and dipole moment derivatives of the molecules in the liquid, the latter under the harmonic approximation. The availability of the spectra of both CH3OH and CH3OD enables the integrated intensities and the molecular properties of the C-H, O-H, O-D, and C-O stretching and CH3 deformation vibrations to be determined with confidence to a few percent. Further work with isotopic molecules is needed to improve the reliability of the integrated intensities of the C-O-H(D) in-plane bending, H-C-O-H(D) torsion, and CH3 rocking vibrations.

Transparent bright blue Cu-bearing tourmalines from Paraiba, Brazil

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (377) ◽  
pp. 553-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Henn ◽  
Hermann Bank ◽  
Francisco Hermann Bank ◽  
Hilmar Von Platen ◽  
Wolfgang Hofmeister
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
The State ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Crystal Chemical ◽  
Blue Colour ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Lattice Constants ◽  
Bright Blue

AbstractPhysical, crystal-chemical and absorption spectroscopical properties of blue tourmalines from a new occurrence in the State of Paraiba, Brazil, are described. Refractive indices, birefringence and specific gravity have been determined as ne = 1.615–1.620, no = 1.632–1.640, Δn=−0.017 to −0.020 and 3.04–3.07g/cm3. Microprobe analyses proved the samples to be elbaites, which are relatively Mn-rich and contain 2.1 wt. % CuO and 0.5 wt. % Bi2O3. Lattice constants are ao = 15.854(4) and co = 7.102(1) Å. The blue colour is due to pleochroic absorption bands of Cu2+ and Mn3+ with maxima at 700 and 520 nm respectively.

Optical Constants and Dipole Moment Derivatives of Bromobenzene between 3200 and 400 cm−1 at 25 °C

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 1062-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dale Keefe ◽  
Janet Pittman
Keyword(s):  
Dipole Moment ◽  
Optical Constants ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Normal Coordinates ◽  
Molar Polarizability ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Transmission Measurements ◽  
Integrated Intensities ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Absorbance Spectra

The optical constants (real and imaginary refractive indices) of bromobenzene were determined at 25 °C via transmission measurements. Experimental absorbance spectra measured on a Nicolet Impact 410 FT-IR were converted to imaginary refractive indices by using methods described in the literature. The real refractive indices were obtained by Kramers-Kronig transformation of the imaginary refractive indices. The complex refractive indices were used to calculate the molar absorption coefficient ( Em) and complex molar polarizability (m) spectra. The integrated intensities and dipole moment derivatives with respect to normal coordinates for the fundamentals were obtained from the areas under the bands in the α“m spectrum. These dipole moment derivatives were compared to those obtained from the spectra of chlorobenzene in the literature. It was found that, in general, the dipole moment derivatives displayed very little dependence on the substituent, even for some of the vibrations for which the wavenumber is substituent sensitive.

scholarly journals Оптические свойства InGaAs/InAlAs метаморфных наногетероструктур для фотопреобразователей лазерного и солнечного излучения

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (19) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
В.М. Емельянов ◽  
Н.А. Калюжный ◽  
С.А. Минтаиров ◽  
М.З. Шварц
Keyword(s):  
Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Aluminum Arsenide ◽  
Dispersion Curves ◽  
Bragg Reflector ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Substantial Rise

AbstractReflectance spectroscopy has been used to determine the refractive indices of nanoscale In_ x Al_ y Ga_1– x – y As and In_ x Al_1– x As layers with indium and aluminum concentrations x = 0.21–0.24 and y = 0, 0.1, and 0.2 on specially created Bragg-reflector heterostructures at wavelengths in the range 700–2000 nm. It was demonstrated that the method based on an analysis of the auto- and cross-correlation coefficients of the wavelength derivatives of the dependence of the reflectance of structures of this kind in order to determine the dispersion curves of the materials forming a reflector. It was found that raising the concentration of indium in InGaAs and AlInAs leads to a substantial rise in the refractive index, with a preserved spectral run of the refractive indices, which is characteristic of gallium arsenide and aluminum arsenide.

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