scholarly journals Does the Modification of the Apical Geometry of a Dental Implant Affect Its Primary Stability? A Comparative Ex Vivo Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1728
Author(s):  
Henning Staedt ◽  
Diana Heimes ◽  
Karl M. Lehmann ◽  
Peter Ottl ◽  
Monika Bjelopavlovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Implant System ◽  
Screw Threads ◽  
Implant Bed ◽  
Line P ◽  
Ex Vivo Study ◽  
Push Out

(1) Background: Primary stability—one fundamental criterion for the success of dental implants—is influenced by implant geometry even if the effect of apical shape modifications on implant primary stability has not yet been examined. Therefore, the aim of the ex vivo study was to compare primary stability of implants differing in apically located screw threads (J-line) or a flat tip (K-line) only. (2) Methods: 28 implants of each group of the same diameter (4.3 mm) were randomly inserted into porcine bone blocks. The first group (9, 11 and 13 mm) was inserted into “hard”, the second (11 mm) into “soft” bone, here using a normal and an undersized drilling protocol. Insertion torque (Ncm), Periotest® value, resonance frequency (implant stability coefficient, ISQ) and push-out force (N) were measured. (3) Results: In “hard” bone, primary stability increased with increasing length in both groups but it was significantly higher in J-line (p < 0.03). An undersized preparation of the implant bed in “soft” bone resulted in a significant increase in primary stability in both groups. Here, J-line also showed a significantly increased primary stability when compared to equally prepared K-line (insertion torque: 37 Ncm vs. 26 Ncm; Periotest®: −6.5 vs. −4.3; push-out force: 365 N vs. 329 N; p < 0.05 each). (4) Conclusions: Primary stability is significantly higher with increasing implant length and apically located screw threads as well as with undersized drilling protocols. When preparing the implant site and subsequently selecting the implant system, modifying factors such as implant geometry (also at the tip) should be taken into account.

scholarly journals Effect of vertical placement angle on the insertion torque of mini-implants in human alveolar bone

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ribeiro Maya ◽  
◽  
Célia Regina Maio Pinzan-Vercelino ◽  
Julio de Araujo Gurgel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Ex Vivo Study ◽  
Posterior Area

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present ex-vivo study was to evaluate the effect of the vertical placement angle of mini-implants on primary stability by analyzing maximum insertion torque (MIT). Methods: Mini-implants were placed in 30 human cadavers, inserted at either a 90° or 60° angle to the buccal surface of the maxillary first molar. Out of 60 self-drilling mini-implants used, half were of the cylindrical type and half were of the conical type. Primary stability was assessed by means of measuring the MIT. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Newman-Keuls tests. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results: The MIT was higher for both mini-implant types when they were placed at a 90° angle (17.27 and 14.40 Ncm) compared with those placed at a 60° angle (14.13 and 11.40 Ncm). Conclusions: MIT values were differed according to the vertical mini-implant placement angle in the maxillary posterior area. Regardless of the type of mini-implant used, placement at a 90° angle resulted in a higher MIT.

scholarly journals Under-Drilling versus Hybrid Osseodensification Technique: Differences in Implant Primary Stability and Bone Density of the Implant Bed Walls

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Delgado-Ruiz ◽  
Joshua Gold ◽  
Tanya Somohano Marquez ◽  
Georgios Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Implant System ◽  
Implant Bed ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control ◽  
Preparation Techniques

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of two implant bed preparation techniques on the implant primary stability (IPS) and the bone density of the implant site. We completed 40 implant bed osteotomies in pig ribs using two techniques: osseodensification (OD) plus under-drilling (UD) with universal osseodensification drills (Test A), and under-drilling alone with drills of the same implant system (Test B). Implants with a 4.1 mm diameter and 10 mm length were inserted, and the IPS was evaluated with three methods: (insertion torque (IT), periotest (PTV), and resonance frequency analysis (RFA). The bone density was evaluated using micro-computed tomography. ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test were used for comparison of the IPS values, and Kruskal–Wallis was used to evaluate the bone density. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The tested B technique (UD) achieved a higher IPS compared to the Test A technique (OD + UD) for all the evaluation methods (p < 0.05). Bone density was higher at the apical and middle region in Test A compared to Test B and control sites (p < 0.05). We concluded that although the bone density increased with the hybrid OD technique with universal drills, implant beds prepared with UD using drills with geometry similar to that of the implant are more efficient at increasing IPS values.

scholarly journals Relevant Design Aspects to Improve the Stability of Titanium Dental Implants

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Herrero-Climent ◽  
P. López-Jarana ◽  
B. F. Lemos ◽  
F. J. Gil ◽  
C. Falcão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
Implant System ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

Post-extractional implants and immediate loading protocols are becoming much more frequent in everyday clinical practice. Given the existing literature about tapered implants, the objective of this paper was to understand whether implant shape had a direct influence on the results of the insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ). Seven tapered implant prototypes were developed and distributed into three groups and compared with a control cylindrical implant—VEGA by Klockner Implant System. The implants were inserted into bovine bone type III according to Lekholm and Zarb Classification. The sample size was n = 30 for the three groups. Final IT was measured with a torquemeter, and the ISQ was measured with Penguin Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA). Modifications done to the Prototype I did not reveal higher values of the ISQ and IT when compared to VEGA. In the second group, when comparing the five prototypes (II–VI) with VEGA, it was seen that the values of the ISQ and IT were not always higher, but there were two values of the ISQ that were statistically significantly higher with the 4.0 mm diameter Prototypes II (76.3 ± 6.1) and IV (78 ± 3.7). Prototype VII was the one with higher and significant values of the ISQ and IT. In both diameters and in both variables, all differences were statistically significant enough to achieve the higher values of primary stability values (IT and ISQ). Given the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that when there is an increase of the diameter of the implant and body taper, there is an increase of the ISQ and IT, showing that the diameter of the implant is an important criteria to obtain higher values of primary stability.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Undersizing Site Preparations on Implant Stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8965
Author(s):  
Bernardo Ferreira Lemos ◽  
Paula Lopez-Jarana ◽  
Carlos Falcao ◽  
Blanca Ríos-Carrasco ◽  
Javier Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Stability ◽  
Immediate Loading ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Surgical Preparation ◽  
Implant System

As immediate loading protocols are becoming more frequent, the primary stability of implants has become an essential criterion for the osseointegration of dental implants. Based on this, the objective of this study was to understand the influence of different undersized surgical preparation sites on the insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ). Four different site-preparation protocols were performed on fresh humid type III bovine bone: one control, the standard protocol recommended by the manufacturer (P1), and three variations of undersized techniques (P2, P3 and P4). The implant used was VEGA by Klockner Implant System. The sample size was n = 40 for each of the four groups. A torquemeter was used to measure the IT, and the ISQ was measured with a Penguin RFA. Both variables showed a tendency to increase as the preparation technique was reduced, although not all the values were statistically significant (p < 0.05) when comparing with the standard preparation. The preparations without a cortical drill, P2 and P4, showed better results than those with a cortical drill. Given the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that reducing the implant preparation can increase both the IT and ISQ. Removing the cortical drill is an effective method for increasing implant stability, although it should be used carefully.

scholarly journals Does the Osseodensification Technique Allow for the use of a Healing Chamber with Primary Stability in Low-Density Bone? An in Vivo Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Coutinho Mello-Machado ◽  
Suelen Cristina Sartoretto ◽  
Jose Mauro Granjeiro ◽  
José Albuquerque Calasans-Maia ◽  
Marcelo Jose Guedes Pinheiro Uzeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Implant Bed

Abstract This study aimed to investigate in vivo the hypothesis that the osseodensification technique, through a wider osteotomy, produce healing chambers at the implant-bone interface with no impact on primary stability osseointegration in low-density bone. Twenty implants (3.5 x 10 mm) presenting nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) surface were inserted in the ilium of ten sheep, after preparation of a 2.7-mm wide implant bed with conventional subtractive drilling (SCD) or a 3.8-mm wide implant bed with an osseodensification bur system (OBS) (n = 5/group/period). The final insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) evaluated the primary implant stability. After 14 and 28 days, the bone samples containing the implants were processed for histological and histomorphometric evaluation of bone implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO). No significant differences occurred between the implant bed preparations regarding IT and ISQ (P > 0.05). Histological analysis showed bone remodeling, and bone growth in all samples with no inflammatory infiltrate. BIC values were higher for SCD after 14 and 28 days (p < 0.05), however BAFO values were similar on both groups (p > 0.05). It was possible to conclude that the osseodensification technique allowed a wider implant bed preparation with no prejudice on primary stability and bone remodeling.

The Influence of Implant Shape on Primary Stability of Implants With a Thread Cutting and Forming Design: An Ex Vivo Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cagatay Dayan ◽  
Onur Geckili ◽  
Canan Bural
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Type I ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Thread Cutting ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Experienced Clinician ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

The design of an implant has a great effect on primary stability. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in primary stability between straight and tapered Neoss ProActive implants in type I and type III bones using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and electronic percussive testing (EPT) methods. Fresh cow vertebrae and pelvis were used as models of type III and type i bone, respectively. Implants of 2 different designs—straight and tapered Neoss ProActive implants with a thread cutting and forming (TCF) design, both 3.5-mm wide and 11-mm long—were placed in both types of bone (n = 60). The primary stability of all implants was measured by an experienced clinician blinded to the study protocol using the EPT and RFA devices. No statistically significant difference was found between the implant stability quotients and the percussive test values of straight and tapered implants in either bone type. Within the limitations of this ex vivo study, it may be concluded that the shape of an implant with a TCF design does not affect primary stability.

Primary Stability of Cylindrical and Conical Dental Implants in Relation to Insertion Torque—A Comparative Ex Vivo Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Staedt ◽  
Victor Palarie ◽  
Arne Staedt ◽  
Jens M. Wolf ◽  
Karl Martin Lehmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque
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