scholarly journals Investigation of Energy Absorbed by Composite Panels with Honeycomb Aluminum Alloy Core

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5807
Author(s):  
Maciej Mogilski ◽  
Maciej Jabłoński ◽  
Martyna Deroszewska ◽  
Robert Saraczyn ◽  
Jan Tracz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Composite Panels ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Aluminum Alloy Honeycomb ◽  
Better Than

The aim of this study was to measure the energy absorbed by composite panels with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) skins and a 5052 aluminum alloy honeycomb core and to compare it to previous research and isotropic material—two 25 × 1.75 mm 1.0562 alloy steel tubes. The panel skins layup consisted of pre-impregnated Pyrofil TR30S 210 gsm 3K 2 × 2 twill oriented in directions 0/90 and −45/45 and having a consolidated thickness of 1 mm or 2 mm. The core consisted of a 15 mm or 20 mm honeycomb oriented along its lengthwise direction. The first test consisted of a three-point bending of specimens supported at a span of 400 mm with a 50 mm radius tubular load applicator in the middle. Second, a perimeter shear test was conducted using a 25 mm diameter punch and a 38 mm diameter hole. The results of the three-point bending test show that the energy absorbed by panels with 1 mm skins was similar to the energy absorbed by the tubes (96 J), which was better than the previously considered panels. In the case of perimeter shear, the average maximum forces for the top and bottom skin were 5.7 kN and 6.6 kN, respectively. For the panel with thicker skins (2 mm), the results were about 2 times higher.

scholarly journals Influence of static long-term loads and cyclic freezing/thawing on the behaviour of concrete beams reinforced with BFRP and HFRP bars

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 04013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kosior-Kazberuk ◽  
Rafał Wasilczyk
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Concrete Element ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Metallic Reinforcement

The purpose of this study was to define the influence of static longterm loads and cyclic freezing/thawing on the deflections and cracking of concrete beams with non-metallic reinforcement. The rods made of basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) and hybrid fiber reinforced polymer (HFRP) were used as non-metallic reinforcement. Four series of single span beams were loaded with a single static force in a three-point bending test, then specimens were subjected to 150 freezing/thawing cycles in a large-size climatic chamber. The experimental test results were compared to those obtained from prior carried out short-term tests and theoretical calculations based on ACI 440:1R-06 standard concerning concrete element with non-metallic reinforcement.

Environmental Effect on Short-Beam Composite under Three-Point Bending Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Majid Mariam ◽  
M. Afendi ◽  
M.S. Abdul Majid
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
Wet Condition

The effect of moisture, water absorption on a single short span beam of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) was examined under room temperature, 27°c. The aim of the study is to investigate the mechanical properties of composite under wet condition. The composite were cut into rectangular shape with a dimension of 78 mm long, 26 mm width and 3.5 mm depth. The moisture content of eight specimens was experimentally reduced as the glass fiber content increased. In this investigation, the flexural strength and modulus of composites were determined throughout the three-point bending test. The specimens were rigged up horizontally as supported beams and loaded vertically at the geometric center. Thus, the results were developed into loading versus deflection and relationship for each specimen. The samples were considered to have failed when the curves were in steady decline section. Failure mechanisms were observed in categories; face yield, core yield and fiber tear.

scholarly journals Static and Dynamic Stiffness of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Externally Bonded CFRP Strips

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Michał Musiał ◽  
Tomasz Trapko ◽  
Jacek Grosel
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Externally Bonded

This paper presents experimental investigations of reinforced concrete (RC) beams flexurally strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. Seven 3300 mm × 250 mm × 150 mm beams of the same design, with the tension reinforcement ratio of 1.01%, were tested. The beams differed in the way they were strengthened: one of the beams was the reference, two beams were passively strengthened as precracked (series B-I), two beams were passively strengthened as unprecracked (series B-II) and two beams were actively strengthened as unprecracked (series B-III). Moreover, the strengthening parameters differed between the particular series. The parameters were: CFRP strip cross-sectional areas (series B-I, B-II) or prestressing forces (series B-III). The beams were statically loaded, up to the assumed force value, in the three-point bending test and deflections at midspan were registered. After unloading the beams were suspended on flexible ropes (the free-free beam system) and their eigenfrequencies were measured using operational modal analysis (OMA). The static measurements (deflections) and the dynamic measurements (eigenfrequencies) were conducted for the adopted loading steps until failure. Static stiffnesses and dynamic stiffnesses were calculated on the basis of respectively the deflections and the eigenfrequencies. The qualitative and quantitative differences between the parameters are described.

EFFECT OF MECHANICAL ANCHORAGE IN HEAT TREATED BEAMS RETROFITTED WITH CFRP

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (15) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Abdul Majeed QARIZADA ◽  
Yusuf SÜMER
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Test Load ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Beams And Girders

Aim: Locally deformed beams and girders could be temporarily repaired by heat treatment but this practice causes the decrease in the load capacity of the member. Besides, fiber reinforced polymer strips could be used to gain a permanent retrofitting solution for the deformed elements. Method: In this study initially the behavior of heat treated IPE-80 beam strengthened by Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips bonded with epoxy is observed. This practice causes a significant increase in the load capacity but it is also being observed that epoxy scatters earlier, which does not allow the CFRP to resist much more load. Scaled steel IPE80 beams are selected and they are subjected to three-point bending test. Load-deflection behavior is recorded for each test and conclusions are derived by comparing the results. Conclusion: Preliminary laboratory experiments on shell plates shows that using anchorage by employing bolt has better results compare to those observed by using anchorage made by CFRP fabric only. This study suggests implementation of anchorages through bolts or CFRP fabrics along with epoxy bonding to retrofit the heat treated elements.

Influences of Processing and Testing Conditions on Flexural Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Modified Cement Mortar

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 502-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Deng Chen ◽  
Shi Yun Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Crack Formation ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Slow Speed ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Displacement Mode ◽  
Reinforced Polymer

In order to evaluate the flexural behavior of fiber-reinforced polymer cement mortar, three-point bending test is used. Compared with different test modes and different test rates of loading, 0.1 mm/min in displacement mode is the most suitable, under which the obtained data are stable and sensitive to the micro-crack formation. Besides, tests show that mixing fiber-reinforced polymer cement mortar at slow speed and curing specimens in dry condition benefit the behavior under flexural load of the mortar.

Experimental Testing of Fiber Reinforced Polymer-Concrete Composite Beam

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 549-552
Author(s):  
Yan Lei Wang ◽  
Qing Duo Hao ◽  
Jin Ping Ou
Keyword(s):  
Composite Beam ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Box Beam

A new form of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP)-concrete composite beam is proposed in this study. The proposed composite beam consists of a GFRP box beam combined with a thin layer of concrete in the compression zone. The interaction between the GFRP beam and the concrete was obtained by bonding coarse-sand on the top flange of the GFRP beam. One GFRP box beam and one GFRP-concrete composite beam were investigated in four-point bending test. Load-deflection response, mid-span longitudinal strain distributions and interface slip between GFRP beam and the concrete for the proposed composite beam were studied. Following conclusions are drawn from this study: (1) the stiffness and strength of the composite beam has been significantly increased, and the cost-to-stiffness ratio of the composite beam has been drastically reduced comparing with GFRP-only box beam; (2) a good composite action has been achieved between the GFRP beam and the concrete; (3) crushing of concrete in compression defines flexural collapse of the proposed composite beam..

RETROFITTING PERFORMANCE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE ONE WAY SLAB

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norliyati Mohd Amin ◽  
Nur Aqilah Aziz ◽  
Ilya Joohari ◽  
Anizahyati Alisibramulisi
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Concrete Crack ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Structural Capacity

Cracks in concrete structure have always been a big threat on the strength of the concrete. Crack is one of the common deterioration observed in reinforced concrete beams and slabs. Concrete cracking is a random process, highly variable and influenced by many factors. To restore the structural capacity of the concrete damages, retrofitting and strengthening are required. There are several techniques that are used for retrofitting and strengthening reported in the literature [1], [2], [3]. This paper investigates the strength performance of retrofitting and strengthening methods of reinforced concrete one-way slab. Flexural bending test are performed on three different concrete slab of size 1000 mm x 500 mm x 75 mm. The methods that are used for retrofit are epoxy injection and patching and for the strengthening is lamination of carbon fiber reinforced polymer. The slabs were loaded to a certain stage where the cracks were formed for retrofitting and strengthening procedure. The achieved failure mode and load capacity of the concrete slab were observed. The repaired techniques for restoring and improving the structural capacity of cracked concrete slabs were analyzed. The ultimate load achieved for the epoxy injection laminate was 19.60 kN followed by CFRP laminate and patching that were 17.64 kN and 17.03 kN respectively. While the deflection value for the three specimens were 14.42 mm, 4.49 mm and 7.036 mm.  

Applied Element Method Simulation of Fiber Reinforced Polymer and Polypropylene Composite Retrofitted Masonry Walls

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1567-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleem M. Umair ◽  
Muneyoshi Numada ◽  
Kimiro Meguro
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Applied Element Method ◽  
Element Method

In current research work, an attempt is made to simulate the behavior of a newly proposed composite material using 3-D Applied Element Method (AEM). Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) being a strong material provides a significant increase in shear strength. Polypropylene band (PP-band) not only holds the masonry wall system into a single unit but also provides a fairly high deformation capacity at a very low cost of retrofitting. A composite of FRP and PP-band is proposed and applied on the surface of masonry wall. Verification of the proposed numerical model is achieved by conducting experiments on twelve masonry wallets. Out of twelve, six masonry wallets were tested in out of plane bending test and six were tested under in-plane forces in the form of diagonal compression test. Same wallet retrofitting scheme was selected for in-plane and out of plane experiments and all of them were analyzed using proposed 3-D AEM numerical simulation tool. Proposed numerical model has served satisfactory and has shown a fairly good agreement with experimental results which encourages the use of 3D-AEM to numerically simulate the behavior of non-retrofitted and retrofitted masonry wallets.

Ductile Failure Predictions for the Three-Point Bending Test of a Complex Geometry Made From Aluminum Alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Kubík ◽  
František Šebek ◽  
Josef Zapletal ◽  
Jindřich Petruška ◽  
Tomáš Návrat
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Ductile Failure ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Random Structure ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Failure Predictions

Abstract The ductile failure predictions have been an issue in many engineering applications. It begins with a design of machines and tools, continues with an evaluation of manufacturing processes, and last but not least ends with the assessment of various structures. The paper deals with a predictability of used criteria for a random structure of aluminum alloy 2024-T351, which was performed under the conditions of room temperature three-point bending. The bi-failure mode creates a space for the numerical studies of various approaches and gives an insight into the model performance. The plasticity was described by Lode-dependent yield criterion, which was coupled with several pressure and Lode-dependent fracture models to form a continuum damage mechanics approach via the material weakening. It was incorporated through a nonlinear damage accumulation, which was finally implemented using Fortran 77 subroutine into abaqus/explicit. All the models exhibited a good ability of crack onset prediction in terms of the force responses and realistic predictability of the crack propagation. The field of deformations was successfully compared with experimental data obtained by an optical method.

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