scholarly journals Application of Photocatalytic Concrete Paving Blocks in Poland—Verification of Effectiveness of Nitric Oxides Reduction and Novel Test Method

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5183
Author(s):  
Hubert Witkowski ◽  
Janusz Jarosławski ◽  
Anna Tryfon-Bojarska
Keyword(s):  
Test Method ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Nitric Oxides ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
Airborne Pollutants ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nitric Oxide Reduction ◽  
Photocatalytic Concrete ◽  
Solar Position ◽  
Investigation Process

Photocatalytic concrete is one of the most promising concrete technologies of the past decades. Application of nanometric TiO2 to cement matrices enables the reduction of harmful airborne pollutants. Although a number of implementations of this technology are described in this paper, problems related to test conditions are also reported. One major issue is the sufficient light irradiation that for higher latitudes can be significantly reduced. In this paper, a field campaign on the implementation of photocatalytic concrete pavement in Warsaw (52.23° N) is briefly described. Based on experience from the field campaign, a novel test method is developed. In the research, the effectiveness of nitric oxide reduction is verified at natural light irradiation for various dates of solar position at noon in central Poland (51.83° N). The results confirm the benefits of using photocatalytic materials at higher latitudinal locations. The experimental setup presented in the study combines the advantages of controlled measurement conditions typical in laboratory tests with the possibility of including natural sunlight conditions in the investigation process.

Customer Investigation Process at Credit Suisse

2009 ◽  
pp. 1787-1807
Author(s):  
Daniel Maier ◽  
Thomas Muegeli ◽  
Andrea Krejza
Keyword(s):  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Complex Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Considerable Cost ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
Investigation Process

Customer investigations in the banking industry are carried out in connection with prosecutions, the administration of estates or other legal actions. The Investigation & Inquiries Department of Credit Suisse has to handle approximately 5,000 client investigations per year. To date, the investigation process has been very complex, time consuming and expensive. Several redundant query processes are needed to achieve satisfactory results. In the past few years, new regulatory requirements have led to a massive increase in the number of investigations to be performed. This case study describes how these requirements can be met by redesigning the process and building a data-warehouse-based application that automates most of the process. These two measures have significantly improved the customer investigation process, resulting in considerable cost and time savings for Credit Suisse.

scholarly journals Railroad Ballast Particle Breakage with Unique Laboratory Test Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szabolcs Fischer ◽  
Erika Juhász
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Discrete Element Modelling ◽  
Strain Effect ◽  
Railway Ballast ◽  
The Past ◽  
Laboratory Test Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Adequate Quality

This paper demonstrates the results in the research topic of the railway ballast particles’ breakage test with unique laboratory test. The most railway lines in the world have so called traditional superstructure (ballasted tracks). In the past few years there were a lot of railway rehabilitation projects in Hungary, as well as abroad. Nowadays cannot be expected that there is enough quantity of railway ballast in adequate quality, because of the modifications and restrictions in the related regulations in Hungary since 2010. In Hungary there are only a few quarries which are able to ensure adequate railway ballast material for construction and maintenance projects for speed values between 120 and 160 km/h. This may cause supply and quality risk in production of railway ballast. The authors’ research’s main goal is to be able to simulate the stress-strain effect of ballast particles in real and objective way in laboratory conditions as well as in discrete element modelling.

scholarly journals Computational design of heterogeneous catalysts and gas separation materials for advanced chemical processing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiwei Shi ◽  
Teng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Gas Separation ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Computational Screening

Abstract Functional materials are widely used in chemical industry in order to reduce the process cost while simultaneously increase the product quality. Considering their significant effects, systematic methods for the optimal selection and design of materials are essential. The conventional synthesis-and-test method for materials development is inefficient and costly. Additionally, the performance of the resulting materials is usually limited by the designer’s expertise. During the past few decades, computational methods have been significantly developed and they now become a very important tool for the optimal design of functional materials for various chemical processes. This article selectively focuses on two important process functional materials, namely heterogeneous catalyst and gas separation agent. Theoretical methods and representative works for computational screening and design of these materials are reviewed.

Visible-light organic photoredox catalytic cascade reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Qiang Xu ◽  
Peng-Fei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metals ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Cascade Reaction ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
The Past

Over the past years, impressive progress has been made on the development of organic photoredox catalytic cascade reactions without the participation of expensive and toxic transition-metals under visible light irradiation....

Preserving the Past as Society Evolves

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Antes ◽  
Eric R. Ober ◽  
Greggrey G. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Investigation Process ◽  
Existing Structure

<p>In urban environments, historic and significant structures are often altered or adapted multiple times for new uses to meet the needs of society. These modifications may occur years apart over the life of the structure, resulting in a combination of different materials and structural systems. Modern-day designers need to fully understand not only the original archaic construction but also the changes imposed during the prior modifications. Drawings for the original building, and subsequent modifications, oftentimes are lacking or incomplete and an investigation is needed to identify the configuration of the existing structure and the various material properties. When considering restoration and strengthening, the information obtained from a well-planned investigation and evaluation can maximize retention of the historic fabric of the structure.</p><p>In this paper/presentation we discuss the importance of performing an investigation prior to modifying the existing structure, the components of an investigation for historic or significant structures, and the challenges that can arise during the investigation process.</p>

Method of estimating the rolling resistance coefficient of vehicle tyre using the roller dynamometer

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (13) ◽  
pp. 3194-3204
Author(s):  
Adrian Soica ◽  
Adrian Budala ◽  
Vlad Monescu ◽  
Slawomir Sommer ◽  
Wojciech Owczarzak
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Chassis Dynamometer ◽  
The Past ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Resistance Coefficients ◽  
Roll Out

The tendency in the past few years has been to introduce tyres with lower rolling resistance coefficients to the market. This paper presents a mathematical method for determining the rolling resistance coefficients variation depending on the speed. The method uses power balance which results from automobile dynamics while rolling on chassis dynamometer. The rolling resistance coefficients of tyres obtained through ‘drum test method’, for which the rolling resistance coefficients variation is known in terms of vehicle speed, are considered as reference values, while than rolling resistance coefficients of tyres obtained through ‘MAHA roller dynamometer’ using the recorded lost drag power in the roll-out phase on the stand are considered as tested values. The rolling resistance coefficients variation could be determined up to the maximum permissible speed of the tyre, for all wheels trained on the stand and not just for one tyre, as determined in laboratory conditions. The test conditions are similar to those in real road conditions, where the temperature of the environment and wheels cannot be controlled. The values obtained by the authors’ proposed method were compared with the values obtained by the ‘drum test method’. The main contribution of the proposed method is to estimate the rolling resistance coefficients without using a very expensive test facility.

scholarly journals Changes in high-intensity precipitation on the northern Apennines (Italy) as revealed by multidisciplinary data over the last 9000 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1547-1564
Author(s):  
Stefano Segadelli ◽  
Federico Grazzini ◽  
Veronica Rossi ◽  
Margherita Aguzzi ◽  
Silvia Marvelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Northern Apennines ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Precipitation Event ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
The Past ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract. Several record-breaking precipitation events have struck the mountainous area of the Emilia–Romagna region (northern Apennines, Italy) over the last 10 years. As a consequence, severe geomorphological processes such as debris avalanches and debris flows, shallow landslides, and overbank flooding have affected the territory, causing severe damage to human-made structures. The unusual intensity of these phenomena prompted an investigation into their frequency in the past, beyond instrumental time. In the quest for an understanding of whether these phenomena are unprecedented in the region, peat bog and lake deposits were analyzed to infer the frequency of extreme precipitation events that may have occurred in the past. We present the results of a dedicated field campaign performed in summer 2017 at Lake Moo in the northern Apennines, a 0.15 km2 peat bog located at an altitude of 1130 m a.s.l. During the extreme precipitation event of 13–14 September 2015, several debris flows generated by small streams affected the Lake Moo plain. In such a small drainage basin (<2 km2), high-density floods can be triggered only by high-intensity precipitation events. The sedimentary succession (ca. 13 m thick) was studied through the drilling of two cores and one trench. The sequence, characterized by clusters of coarse-grained alluvial deposits interbedded with organic-rich silty clays and peat layers, was analyzed by combining sedimentological, pollen, microanthracological and pedological data with radiocarbon dating (AMS 14C) in an innovative multidisciplinary approach for this area. Original data acquired during the field campaign were also correlated with other specific paleoclimatic proxies available in the literature for the northern Apennines area. We discover that the increase in extreme paleoflooding, associated with coarse-grained deposits similar to the ones observed recently, correlates well with the warm phases of the Holocene Thermal Maximum and with the ongoing warming trend observed that started at the beginning of the last century.

scholarly journals Trends in Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Species – One Year Observation

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. GOŁAŚ ◽  
I. NETSVYETAYEVA ◽  
M. SIKORA ◽  
K. PISKORSKA ◽  
B. SULIK-TYSZKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Candidiasis ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
One Year ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

In the past years opportunistic fungal infections have seriously increased, mainly in immunocompromised patients. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of yeast-like fungi in invasive candidiasis and to estimate its susceptibility to chosen antifungal agents. One hundred and sixty strains of yeast-like fungi were cultured from various clinical material: samples from lower respiratory tract, blood, the peritoneal cavity and others. The susceptibility tests were established according to the quantitative E-test method. The Candida genus represented the main etiological factor of invasive candidiasis. The predominant species were: C. glabrata (71/160), C. albicans (34/160), C. krusei (17/160), C. tropicalis (14/160). All tested strains were the most resistant to itraconazole. Candida glabrata presented the 100% susceptibility to amphotericin B and caspofungin and was the least susceptible to itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole. Candida albicans was the most susceptible species to all antymicotics.

Customer Investigation Process at Credit Suisse

2011 ◽  
pp. 52-76
Author(s):  
Daniel Maier ◽  
Thomas Muegeli ◽  
Andrea Krejza
Keyword(s):  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Complex Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Considerable Cost ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
Investigation Process

Customer investigations in the banking industry are carried out in connection with prosecutions, the administration of estates or other legal actions. The Investigation & Inquiries department of Credit Suisse has to handle approximately 5,000 client investigations per year. To date, the investigation process has been very complex, time consuming and expensive: several redundant query processes are needed to achieve satisfactory results. In the past few years, new regulatory requirements have led to a massive increase in the number of investigations to be performed. This case study describes how these requirements can be met by redesigning the process and building a data-warehouse-based application that automates most of the process. These two measures have significantly improved the customer investigation process, resulting in considerable cost and time savings for Credit Suisse

scholarly journals Convenience in white-collar crime: A resource perspective.

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Petter Gottschalk
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
White Collar Crime ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
White Collar ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Motors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lehman Brothers ◽  
White Collar Offenders ◽  
Investigation Process

White-collar offenders have access to resources that make financial crime convenient. In the rare case of crime suspicion, resources are available in terms of professional attorney work, control over internal investigations, and public relations support. Hiring private investigators at an early stage of potential crime disclosure enables the organization to control the investigation mandate and influence the investigation process and the investigation output. Getting an early start on reconstruction of the past in terms of a fraud examination makes it possible for the suspect and the organization to influence what facts are relevant and how facts might be assessed in terms of possible violations of the penal code. Convenience aspects of private investigations are discussed in this article in terms of five internal investigations, two in the United States (General Motors and Lehman Brothers) and three in Norway (Telenor VimpelCom, DNB Bank, and Norwegian Football Association). The aim of this research is to contribute insights into convenience associated with internal private investigations.

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