scholarly journals Effects of Caries Activity on Compositions of Mutans Streptococci in Saliva-Induced Biofilm Formed on Bracket Materials

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4764
Author(s):  
Bum-Soon Lim ◽  
Bo-Hyun Kim ◽  
Won-Jun Shon ◽  
Sug-Joon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Caries Activity ◽  
Material Type ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Total Bacteria

This study aimed to investigate effects of caries activity on composition of mutans streptococci in saliva-induced biofilms formed on bracket materials. Three bracket materials were used as specimens: ceramic, metal, and plastic. After saliva was collected using a spitting method from caries-active (CA, decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) score ≥ 10) and caries-free (CF, DMFT score = 0) subjects, saliva was mixed with growth media in a proportion of 1:10. The saliva solution was then incubated with each bracket material. After a saliva-induced biofilm was developed on the surface of the bracket material, the amounts of total bacteria and mutans streptococci were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that biofilms from CA saliva contained more mutans streptococci but less total bacteria than biofilms from CF saliva, regardless of material type. Adhesion of total bacteria to ceramic was higher than to plastic, regardless of caries activity. Mutans streptococci adhered more to ceramic than to metal and plastic in both biofilms from CA and CF saliva, but there was a difference in adhesion between Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. The amount of S. mutans was higher than that of S. sobrinus in biofilms from CA saliva despite similar amounts of the two strains in biofilms from CF saliva. The stronger adhesion of S. mutans to ceramic than to metal and plastic was more evident in biofilms from CA saliva than in biofilms from CF saliva. This study suggests that caries activity and material type significantly influenced composition of mutans streptococci in biofilms formed on bracket materials.

scholarly journals Detection of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus in dental plaque samples from Brazilian preschool children by polymerase chain reaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Cristina Costa Franco e Franco ◽  
Patrícia Amoroso ◽  
José Moacir Marin ◽  
Fernando Antonio de Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
World Health ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The purposes of this study were to detect S. mutans and S. sobrinus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, and to relate their presence to the incidence of dental caries in 42 Brazilian preschool children. Dental plaque samples were collected from the cervical margin of all erupted teeth of 5-6 years old children with primary dentition, using a sterile explorer. Examination of the dmft (decayed, missing, filled teeth) index, performed following the World Health Organization (WHO) caries diagnostic criteria, showed a 2.71 score. Prevalence of S. mutans and S. sobrinus was respectively, of 85.7% and 14.3%; no dental plaque sample was either positive or negative for both bacterial species. Children harboring either S. mutans or S. sobrinus presented the same caries prevalence. PCR showed good discriminative ability for differentiation between these species, and suggested that it is a technique suitable for epidemiological studies on mutans streptococci.

Detection of potentially cariogenic strains of Streptococcus mutans using the polymerase chain reaction

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Alejandro Aguilera Galaviz ◽  
Ma. Del Carmen Aceves Medina ◽  
Iris Estrada García
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Biochemical Identification ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Relationship

Streptococcus mutans is a pathogen related to the occurrence of human dental caries. The determination of total amounts of mutans streptococci, as well as the proportion related to other oral bacteria, is of interest when assessing the risk of developing caries. In this context, it is better to use a sensitive, specific and non-time consuming method such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), than to use culture and biochemical identification methods. In this work we identified potentially cariogenic strains of S. mutans and assessed the relationship with the dmft, DMFT or dmft/DMFT index. Using DNA isolated from dental plaque, a 192 bp sequence was identified and amplified from the spaP gene and a 722 bp sequence from the dexA gene. The results suggest that it is important to evaluate the presence of cariogenic S. mutans strains in plaque content rather than the accumulation of plaque itself. However, other factors like diet, hygiene, genetic background, the flow rate of saliva and the presence of specific antibodies, also play a key role in the development of caries.

scholarly journals Late Established Mutans Streptococci in Children over 3 Years Old

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsugi Okada ◽  
Yoshiko Taniguchi ◽  
Fumiko Hayashi ◽  
Takako Doi ◽  
Junji Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Baseline Examination

Acquisition of mutans streptococci has been reported to most commonly occur at approximately 26 months of age. In the present study, we detectedStreptococcus mutansandS. sobrinususing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays in children, then re-examined the subjects to determine the time of acquisition of these bacteria over a 1-year period. The subjects were 57 children ranging in age from 3 to 5 years old, each with primary dentition. Plaque samples were collected from all erupted tooth sites using a sterile toothbrush. PCR assays were performed to detect the targeted mutans streptococci at the beginning of the study (baseline) and after 1 year. At the baseline examination, the prevalence ofS. mutansandS. sobrinuswas 61.4% and 54.4%, respectively, in all subjects, of whom 14 (24.6%) were positive forS. mutansalone, 10 (17.5%) forS. sobrinusalone, and 21 (36.8%) for bothS. mutansandS. sobrinus, with 12 (21.1%) negative for both. After 1 year, 4 of 22 (18.2%) subjects newly had acquiredS. mutansand 15 of 26 (57.7%) had aquiredS. sobrinus, while 5 (8.8%) remained negative for both bacteria. The age of the first positiveS. mutansfinding ranged from 49 to 71 months, while that forS. sobrinusranged from 49 to 81 months old. Our results suggest thatS. sobrinusbecomes established later thanS. mutansin the oral cavities of children over the age of 3 years old.

scholarly journals Clinical evaluation of periodontal pathogen levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction in peri-implantitis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taichi Ito ◽  
Gentaro Mori ◽  
Yukari Oda ◽  
Tomoki Hirano ◽  
Hodaka Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Periodontal Pathogen ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Average Copy ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacteria

Abstract Objective The mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of peri-implantitis are similar to those of periodontitis, and the causative bacteria are believed to similar. Previous studies support an association between peri-implantitis and periodontal pathogen. Thus, we investigated the bacterial flora of peri-implantitis patients in comparison to those of healthy implant and periodontitis patients. Materials and methods In total, 70 patients visiting Tokyo Dental College Chiba Hospital were divided into four groups: healthy, periodontitis, healthy implant, and peri-implantitis. For each group, the following five periodontal pathogens were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Prevotella intermedia. Results The average copy number of total bacteria was significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the other groups. P. gingivalis was detected in the periodontitis and peri-implantitis groups at levels as high as 18.92% and 12.29%, respectively, and P. intermedia was found in the peri-implantitis group at a rate of 2.06%. Nevertheless, periodontal pathogens were generally detected at lower levels in the peri-implantitis group than in the periodontitis group. Conclusion We found lower bacterial counts in the peri-implantitis group relative to the periodontitis group. Our results suggest that the peri-implant tissue is less resistant to bacteria, so even a small number of bacteria can be a risk factor for peri-implantitis and the causative agent of peri-implantitis can be bacteria other than periodontal pathogen.

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction as a mastitis screening test for Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus uberis in bulk milk samples

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patchara Phuektes ◽  
Glenn F Browning ◽  
Garry Anderson ◽  
Peter D Mansell
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Total Bacteria

Effective diagnostic tools for screening herds for mastitis pathogens are important in development and monitoring of mastitis control programmes. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for simultaneous detection of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus uberis was used in preliminary studies to assess its applicability as an alternative method for monitoring mastitis caused by these organisms at the herd level. PCR was used to detect the presence of these organisms in bulk milk samples. Correlations with bulk milk somatic cell counts (BMCC), total bacteria counts and thermoduric bacteria counts were evaluated. A total of 176 bulk milk samples were collected from 42 herds on five consecutive occasions at approx. 10-d intervals. Str. uberis was the most common organism in these bulk milk samples. There was no relationship between presence of either Staph. aureus, Str. dysgalactiae or Str. uberis and BMCC, total bacteria counts or thermoduric bacteria counts. However, presence of Str. agalactiae was associated with high BMCC and total bacteria counts. The results of this study show that regular analysis of bulk milk using this multiplex PCR assay may be a useful tool for monitoring herd status with respect to Str. agalactiae, but is of less value for monitoring occurrence of Staph. aureus, Str. dysgalactiae and Str. uberis. Further investigations are needed to clarify the relationship between positive PCR results and the prevalence of infected cows in the herd.

scholarly journals The effect of starter culture on bacterial profile in soybean tempeh

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 380-389
Author(s):  
T.E. Pramudito ◽  
E.G.A. Putri ◽  
E. Paluphi ◽  
Y. Yogiara
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Total Bacteria

The bacterial population in soybean tempeh can be affected by many factors such as hygiene and preparation procedure of the soybean. In this study, we investigate the effect of different tempeh starter culture on the bacterial profile in comparison to other factors. The bacterial profile of five commercial tempeh made with different processing techniques and three samples made with different starter culture were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The phylum Verrucomicrobia was only detected in commercial tempeh from unstandardized home-scale industries. Bacteroidetes were present in commercial tempeh and samples made with starter that contains cassavabased materials. Commercial tempeh from standardized medium-scale industries contains fewer total bacteria than those from home-scale industries. The addition of starter culture for tempeh production can increase the number of total bacteria compared to uninoculated soybeans. However, there was no difference in total bacterial amount between starter culture variation. Bacterial profiles of all samples were dominated by Firmicutes except tempeh with the starter culture Cap Jago that is dominated by Gammaproteobacteria. This study showed that although the type of starter culture did not significantly contribute to total bacteria in tempeh, it can influence the bacterial profile of the product on phylum level.

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