scholarly journals Synthesis of a Fluorescent Solvatochromic Resin Using Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling and Its Optical Waveguide Spectra to Measure the Solvent Polarity on the Surface

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4483
Author(s):  
Yu Otsuka ◽  
Guanglei Li ◽  
Hiromi Takahashi ◽  
Hisashi Satoh ◽  
Koji Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Optical Waveguide ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Iminodiacetic Acid ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Wang Resin ◽  
Iodobenzoic Acid

We have established a novel analytical method for solvent polarity on resin surface by combining the synthesis of fluorescent solvatochromic resin with optical waveguide spectrometry. The fluorescent solvatochromic resin was obtained via Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling between 4-iodobenzoic acid immobilized on Wang resin and 5-[4-(N,N-dihexylamino)phenyl]-2-thienylboronic acid N-methyl-iminodiacetic acid (MIDA) ester. The optical waveguide spectrometry studies on the resin showed a strong fluorescent solvatochromism in various organic solvents.

Transition-Metal-Free Synthetic Strategies for the Cross-Coupling Reactions in Water: A Green Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanmay Chatterjee ◽  
Nilanjana Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Dehydrogenative Coupling

Abstract: A natural driving force is always working behind the synthetic organic chemists towards the development of ‘green’ synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of useful classes of organic molecules having potential applications. The majority of the essential classes of organic transformations, including C-C and C-X (X = heteroatom) bond-forming crosscoupling reactions, cross dehydrogenative-coupling (CDC) mostly rely on the requirement of transition-metal catalysts and hazardous organic solvents. Hence, the scope in developing green synthetic strategies by avoiding the use of transitionmetal catalysts and hazardous organic solvents for those important and useful classes of organic transformations is very high. Hence, several attempts are made so far. Water being the most abundant, cheap, and green solvent in the world; numerous synthetic methods have been developed in an aqueous medium. In this review, the development of transitionmetal- free green synthetic strategies for various important classes of organic transformations such as C-C and C-X bondforming cross-coupling, cross dehydrogenative-coupling, and oxidative-coupling in an aqueous media is discussed.

Development and Validation of a Green Analytical Method for the Determination of Norfloxacin in Raw Material by FTIR Spectrophotometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1533-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Sayuri Hisano Natori ◽  
Eliane Gandolpho Tótoli ◽  
Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, widely used in humans and animals for the treatment of urinary tract infections. It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone. Several analytical methods to analyze norfloxacin have been described in the literature. However, most of them are complex and require the use of large amounts of organic solvents. This paper describes the development and validation of a green analytical method for the determination of norfloxacin in raw material by FTIR spectrophotometry. This method does not require the use of organic solvents, minimizing waste generation in the process and its environmental impacts. The development of methods that promote the reduction, prevention, or elimination of waste generation has become highly attractive to the pharmaceutical industry because of the growing demand from civil society and government authorities for environmentally friendly products and services. The FTIR spectrophotometry method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, showing adequate linearity (r = 0.9936), precision, accuracy, and robustness. This validated method can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative for the quantification of norfloxacin in raw material in QC routine analysis.

scholarly journals An Amphiphilic Polymer-Supported Strategy Enables Chemical Transformations Under Anhydrous Conditions for DNA-Encoded Library Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Ruff ◽  
Roberto Martinez ◽  
Xavier Pellé ◽  
Pierre Nimsgern ◽  
Pascale Fille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Amphiphilic Polymer ◽  
Aryl Halides ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Library Synthesis ◽  
Catch And Release ◽  
Dna Conjugates ◽  
Polymer Supported

Herein, we describe the development of a practical catch-and release methodology utilizing a cationic, amphiphilic PEG-based polymer to perform chemical transformations on immobilized DNA conjugates under anhydrous conditions. We demonstrate the usefulness of our APTAC (<u>a</u>mphiphilic <u>p</u>olymer-facilitated <u>t</u>ransformations under <u>a</u>nhydrous <u>c</u>onditions) approach by performing several challenging transformations on DNA-conjugated small molecules in pure organic solvents: the addition of a carbanion equivalent to a DNA-conjugated ketone in tetrahydrofuran, the synthesis of saturated heterocycles using the tin (Sn) amine protocol (SnAP) in dichloromethane and the dual-catalytic (Ir/Ni) metallaphotoredox decarboxylative cross-coupling of carboxylic acids to DNA-conjugated aryl halides in DMSO. In addition, we demonstrate the feasibility of the latter in multititer-plate format.

Solvent polarity scales: determination of newET(30) values for 84 organic solvents

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 512-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
José P. Cerón-Carrasco ◽  
Denis Jacquemin ◽  
Christian Laurence ◽  
Aurélien Planchat ◽  
Christian Reichardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Solvent Polarity

scholarly journals An Amphiphilic Polymer-Supported Strategy Enables Chemical Transformations Under Anhydrous Conditions for DNA-Encoded Library Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Ruff ◽  
Roberto Martinez ◽  
Xavier Pellé ◽  
Pierre Nimsgern ◽  
Maxim Ratnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Amphiphilic Polymer ◽  
Aryl Halides ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Library Synthesis ◽  
Catch And Release ◽  
Dna Conjugates ◽  
Polymer Supported

Herein, we describe the development of a practical catch-and release methodology utilizing a cationic, amphiphilic PEG-based polymer to perform chemical transformations on immobilized DNA conjugates under anhydrous conditions. We demonstrate the usefulness of our APTAC (<u>a</u>mphiphilic <u>p</u>olymer-facilitated <u>t</u>ransformations under <u>a</u>nhydrous <u>c</u>onditions) approach by performing several challenging transformations on DNA-conjugated small molecules in pure organic solvents: the addition of a carbanion equivalent to a DNA-conjugated ketone in tetrahydrofuran, the synthesis of saturated heterocycles using the tin (Sn) amine protocol (SnAP) in dichloromethane and the dual-catalytic (Ir/Ni) metallaphotoredox decarboxylative cross-coupling of carboxylic acids to DNA-conjugated aryl halides in DMSO. In addition, we demonstrate the feasibility of the latter in multititer-plate format.

scholarly journals An Amphiphilic Polymer-Supported Strategy Enables Chemical Transformations Under Anhydrous Conditions for DNA-Encoded Library Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Ruff ◽  
Roberto Martinez ◽  
Xavier Pellé ◽  
Pierre Nimsgern ◽  
Maxim Ratnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Amphiphilic Polymer ◽  
Aryl Halides ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Library Synthesis ◽  
Catch And Release ◽  
Dna Conjugates ◽  
Polymer Supported

Herein, we describe the development of a practical catch-and release methodology utilizing a cationic, amphiphilic PEG-based polymer to perform chemical transformations on immobilized DNA conjugates under anhydrous conditions. We demonstrate the usefulness of our APTAC (<u>a</u>mphiphilic <u>p</u>olymer-facilitated <u>t</u>ransformations under <u>a</u>nhydrous <u>c</u>onditions) approach by performing several challenging transformations on DNA-conjugated small molecules in pure organic solvents: the addition of a carbanion equivalent to a DNA-conjugated ketone in tetrahydrofuran, the synthesis of saturated heterocycles using the tin (Sn) amine protocol (SnAP) in dichloromethane and the dual-catalytic (Ir/Ni) metallaphotoredox decarboxylative cross-coupling of carboxylic acids to DNA-conjugated aryl halides in DMSO. In addition, we demonstrate the feasibility of the latter in multititer-plate format.

scholarly journals Solvent driven phase transitions of acyclovir – the role of water and solvent polarity

CrystEngComm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 2180-2192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol P. Nartowski ◽  
Julia Karabin ◽  
Alexander L. Morritt ◽  
Maciej Nowak ◽  
László Fábián ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Thermal Dehydration ◽  
Dehydration Process

The pathways of transformations of acyclovir forms I and V induced by organic solvents and water have been identified. Significant differences in the thermal dehydration process of forms V and VI were observed.

Analytical GC-FID Method for the Determination of Organic Solvents in Radiopharmaceutical

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hishar Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Faiz Othman ◽  
Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria ◽  
Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad ◽  
Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Hold Time ◽  
Analysis Time ◽  
Injection Port ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Column Temperature ◽  
Injection Port Temperature ◽  
Production Stages

Background:: Organic solvents play an indispensable role in most of the radiopharmaceutical production stages. It is almost impossible to remove them entirely in the final formulation of the product. Objective:: In this presented work, an analytical method by gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) has been developed to determine organic solvents in radiopharmaceutical samples. The effect of injection hold time, temperature variation in the injection port, and the column temperature on the analysis time and resolution (R ≥ 1.5) of ethanol and acetonitrile were studied extensively. Methods:: The experimental conditions were optimized with the aid of further statistical analysis; thence, the proposed method was validated following the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Q2 (R1) guideline. Results:: The proposed analytical method surpassed the acceptance criteria for the linearity > 0.990 (correlation coefficient of R2), precision < 2%, LOD, and LOQ, accuracy > 90% for all solvents. The separation between ethanol and acetonitrile was acceptable with a resolution, R > 1.5. Further statistical analysis of Oneway ANOVA revealed that the increment of injection holds time and variation of temperature at the injection port did not significantly affect the analysis time. Nevertheless, the variation of injection port temperature substantially influences the resolution of ethanol and acetonitrile peaks (p < 0.05). Conclusion:: The proposed analytical method has been successfully implemented to determine the organic solvent in the [18F]fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine ([18F]FET), [18F]fluoromisonidazole ([18F]FMISO), and [18F]fluorothymidine ([18F]FLT).

Aqueous Sonogashira coupling of aryl halides with 1-alkynes under mild conditions: use of surfactants in cross-coupling reactions

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (24) ◽  
pp. 18960-18971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina M. Roberts ◽  
Wenya Lu ◽  
L. Keith Woo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Aryl Halides ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Aryl Bromide ◽  
Sonogashira Coupling ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions

Aqueous solutions of common and inexpensive surfactants (e.g. SDS and CTAB) are surveyed as an alternative to organic solvents in Sonogashira cross-coupling. Aryl-bromide substrates are best coupled under Cu-free conditions.

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