scholarly journals Piezoelectric Implant Site Preparation: Influence of Handpiece Movements on Temperature Elevation

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Lamazza ◽  
Marco Lollobrigida ◽  
Iole Vozza ◽  
Luigi Palmieri ◽  
Claudio Stacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Temperature Elevation ◽  
Oral Surgical Procedures ◽  
Positioning Device ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Implant Site Preparation ◽  
Piezoelectric Devices ◽  
Recorded Temperature

Piezoelectric devices are widely used in oral surgical procedures, including implant site preparation. However, little is known about the influence of working movement on temperature elevation in bone. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of two different working cycles on temperature elevation during piezoelectric implant site preparation. Sixty osteotomies at a depth of 10 mm were performed on bone blocks of bovine ribs using a piezoelectric tip with external irrigation (IM1s, Mectron Medical Technology, Carasco, Italy). A mechanical positioning device was used to guarantee reproducible working and measuring conditions. Two different working cycles, of 4 and 6 s, respectively, were tested, including both longitudinal and rotational movements. Temperature was recorded in real time with a fiber optic thermometer and applied pressure was maintained under 150 g. For each test, the highest recorded temperature (Tmax) and the mean temperature recorded from 30 s before to 30 s after the highest recorded temperature (T±30) were extrapolated. Tests duration was also recorded. Both Tmax and T±30 were significantly higher in the ‘6 s cycles’ group than the ‘4 s cycles’ group (42.44 ± 7.3 °C vs. 37.24 ± 4.6 °C, p = 0.002; 37.24 ± 4.6 °C vs. 33.30 ± 3.3 °C, p = 0.003). Test duration was also significantly higher using 6 s cycles compared to 4 s cycles (143.17 ± 29.4 s vs. 119.80 ± 36.4 s, p = 0.002). The results of this study indicate that working cycles of 4 s effectively reduce heat generation and working time during piezoelectric implant site preparation.

scholarly journals Efficacy of low-dose local clindamycin in different times for microbial decontamination of autogenous particulate bone graft

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Mohajerani ◽  
Gholamreza Irajian ◽  
Fatemeh Latifi ◽  
Faramarz Masjedian ◽  
Reza Tabrizi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Implant Site Preparation

Abstract Background Clindamycin in low concentration (20 μg/mL) is safe for vitality and osteogenic potential of bone cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of local clindamycin (20 μg/mL) in two different exposure times, for microbial decontamination of particulate bone graft, collected during implant site preparation. This non-randomized parallel-group study was conducted on samples from 17 patients. The particulate bone collected during implant site preparation was divided into three portions by weight: in group S1, the particulate bone was immersed in thioglycolate broth without any antibiotic treatment; in group S2, the collected particulate bone was irrigated with 100 mL clindamycin solution (20 μg/mL); and in group S3, the collected particulate bone was soaked in one ml clindamycin solution (20 μg/mL) for 3 min. Samples in the three groups were cultured in aerobic and anaerobic media and species and CFU count of isolated bacteria were determined. Results Analysis of the data demonstrated a significant difference among the three groups in the mean count of total microorganisms (P = 0.001). The difference in the mean count of anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms in the three groups was statistically significant as well (P = 0.001). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the only microorganism that was not affected with the mentioned antibiotic. Conclusions Local use of low-dose clindamycin (20 μg/mL)—irrigation or 3 min immersing—is effective for the decontamination of particulate bone grafts.

scholarly journals Impact of Insertion Depth and Predrilling Diameter on Primary Stability of Orthodontic Mini-implants

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedict Wilmes ◽  
Dieter Drescher
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Local Bone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Implant Site Preparation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that the impact of the insertion depth and predrilling diameter have no effect on the primary stability of mini-implants. Materials and Methods: Twelve ilium bone segments of pigs were embedded in resin. After implant site preparation with different predrilling diameters (1.0, 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 mm), Dual Top Screws 1.6 × 10 mm (Jeil, Korea) were inserted with three different insertion depths (7.5, 8.5, and 9.5 mm). The insertion torque was recorded to assess primary stability. In each bone, five Dual Top Screws were used as a reference to compensate for the differences of local bone quality. Results: Both insertion depth and predrilling diameter influenced the measured insertion torques distinctively: the mean insertion torque for the insertion depth of 7.5 mm was 51.62 Nmm (±25.22); for insertion depth of 8.5 mm, 65.53 Nmm (±29.99); and for the insertion depth of 9.5 mm, 94.38 Nmm (±27.61). The mean insertion torque employing the predrill 1.0 mm was 83.50 Nmm (±33.56); for predrill 1.1 mm, 77.50 Nmm (±27.54); for the predrill 1.2 mm, 61.70 Nmm (±28.46); and for the predrill 1.3 mm, 53.10 (±32.18). All differences were highly statistically significant (P < .001). Conclusions: The hypothesis is rejected. Higher insertion depths result in higher insertion torques and thus primary stability. Larger predrilling diameters result in lower insertion torques.

scholarly journals Accuracy of cup placement in total hip arthroplasty by means of a mechanical positioning device: a comprehensive cadaveric 3d analysis of 16 specimens

2019 ◽  
pp. 112070001987482
Author(s):  
Arthur J Kievit ◽  
Johannes G G Dobbe ◽  
Wouter H Mallee ◽  
Leendert Blankevoort ◽  
Geert J Streekstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
Safe Zone ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Anterior Pelvic Plane ◽  
Mechanical Device ◽  
Acetabular Cup ◽  
Anteversion Angle ◽  
Positioning Device ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Safe Zones

Introduction: We tested whether a mechanical device (such as Hipsecure) to pinpoint the anterior pelvic plane (APP) as a guide can improve acetabular cup placement. To assess accuracy we asked: (1) is the APP an effective guide to position acetabular cup placement within acceptable ° of divergence from the optimal 40° inclination and 15° anteversion; (2) could a mechanical device increase the number of acetabular cup placements within Lewinnek’s safe zone (i.e. inclination 30° to 50°; anteversion 5° to 25°)? Methods: 16 cadaveric specimens were used to assess the 3D surgical success of using a mechanical device APP to guide acetabular cup placement along the APP. We used the Hipsecure mechanical device to implant acetabular cups at 40° inclination and 15° anteversion. Subequently, all cadaveric specimens with implants were scanned with a CT and 3D models were created of the pelvis and acetabular cups to assess the outcome in terms of Lewinnek’s safe zones. Results: The mean inclination of the 16 implants was 40.6° (95% CI, 37.7–43.4) and the mean anteversion angle was 13.4° (95% CI, 10.7–16.1). All 16 cup placements were within Lewinnek’s safe zone for inclination (between 30° and 50°) and all but 2 were within Lewinnek’s safe zone for anteversion (between 5° and 25°). Conclusion: In cadaveric specimens, the use of a mechanical device and the APP as a guide for acetabular cup placement resulted in good positioning with respect to both of Lewinnek’s safe zones.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Osseodensification Drilling Protocol for Implant Site Osteotomy: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147
Author(s):  
Alessio Danilo Inchingolo ◽  
Angelo Michele Inchingolo ◽  
Ioana Roxana Bordea ◽  
Edit Xhajanka ◽  
Donato Mario Romeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Local Bone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drilling Technique ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
Implant Site Preparation

Many different osteotomy procedures has been proposed in the literature for dental implant site preparation. The osseodensification is a drilling technique that has been proposed to improve the local bone quality and implant stability in poor density alveolar ridges. This technique determines an expansion of the implant site by increasing the density of the adjacent bone. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of the osseodensification technique for implant site preparation through a literature review and meta-analysis. The database electronic research was performed on PubMed (Medline) database for the screening of the scientific papers. A total of 16 articles have been identified suitable for the review and qualitative analysis—11 clinical studies (eight on animals, three on human subjects), four literature reviews, and one case report. The meta-analysis was performed to compare the bone-to-implant contact % (BIC), bone area fraction occupied % (BAFO), and insertion torque of clockwise and counter-clockwise osseodensification procedure in animal studies. The included articles reported a significant increase in the insertion torque of the implants positioned through the osseodensification protocol compared to the conventional drilling technique. Advantages of this new technique are important above all when the patient has a strong missing and/or low quantity of bone tissue. The data collected until the drafting of this paper detect an improvement when the osseodensification has been adopted if compared to the conventional technique. A significant difference in BIC and insertion torque between the clockwise and counter-clockwise osseodensification procedure was reported, with no difference in BAFO measurements between the two approaches. The effectiveness of the present study demonstrated that the osseodensification drilling protocol is a useful technique to obtain increased implant insertion torque and bone to implant contact (BIC) in vivo. Further randomized clinical studies are required to confirm these pieces of evidence in human studies.

Primary Stability of Short Implants Inserted Using Piezoelectric or Drilling Systems: An In Vitro Comparison

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Claudio Stacchi ◽  
Matteo De Biasi ◽  
Lucio Torelli ◽  
Massimo Robiony ◽  
Roberto Di Lenarda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Implant Site Preparation

The primary objective of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of implant site preparation technique (drills vs ultrasonic instrumentation) on the primary stability of short dental implants with two different designs inserted in simulated low-quality cancellous bone. Eighty implant sites were prepared in custom-made solid rigid polyurethane blocks with two different low cancellous bone densities (5 or 15 pounds per cubic foot [PCF]), equally distributed between piezoelectric (Surgysonic Moto, Esacrom, Italy) and conventional drilling techniques. Two short implant systems (Prama and Syra, Sweden & Martina) were tested by inserting 40 fixtures of each system (both 6.0 mm length and 5.0 mm diameter), divided in the four subgroups (drills/5 PCF density; drills/15 PCF density; piezo/5 PCF density; piezo/15 PCF density). Insertion torque (Ncm), implant stability quotient values, removal torque (Ncm), and surgical time were recorded. Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA and Scheffé's test (α = 0.05). With slight variations among the considered dependent variables, overall high primary implant stability was observed across all subgroups. Piezoelectric instrumentation allowed for comparable or slightly superior primary stability in comparison with the drilling procedures in both implant systems. The Prama implants group showed the highest mean reverse torque and Syra implants the highest implant stability quotient values. Piezoelectric implant site preparation took prolonged operative time compared to conventional preparation with drills; among the drilling procedures, Syra system required fewer surgical steps and shorter operative time.

scholarly journals Effect of Acupressure on Stress and Anxiety of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Sham-controlled Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-283
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Nahayati ◽  
◽  
Seyed Abolfazl Vaghar Seyyedin ◽  
Hamid Reza Bahrami-Taghanki ◽  
Zahra Rezaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Objective: Stress and anxiety are common in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). These complications exacerbate the symptoms of MS. This study aims to evaluate the effect of acupressure on stress and anxiety of MS patients. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, participants were 106 MS Patients referred to Multiple Sclerosis Society in Mashhad, Iran. After signing an informed consent form, they completed a demographic form and stress, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale - 42 items (DASS-42). Then, they were randomly assigned into intervention and sham groups by tossing a coin. Participants in the intervention group were asked apply a pressure on the Shenmen and Yin Tang acupoints for one month (once per day for 15 minutes), while the sham group applied pressure 2.5 cm below the Shenmen acupoint and 3 cm above the Yin Tang acupoint. Participants in each group were then completed the DASS-42 again one hour after the final session. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, independent t-test, and Paired t-test. Results: In the intervention and sham groups, there was no statistically significant difference between the mean pre-test scores of stress (34.73±5.80 vs. 33.06±6.42) and anxiety (27.09±6.99 vs. 25.31±6.88), and neither between the mean post-test scores of stress (29.20±6.21 vs. 33.73±9.44) and anxiety (22.79±5.68 vs. 25.21±6.72) (P>0.05). However, comparison of DASS-42 scores between groups showed that the mean scores of stress and anxiety in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the sham group (P< 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that acupressure can be used along with other therapeutic and pharmacological interventions to reduce stress and anxiety in patients with MS.

scholarly journals Immediate Loading of Implant-Supported Single Crowns after Conventional and Ultrasonic Implant Site Preparation: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Stacchi ◽  
Teresa Lombardi ◽  
Domenico Baldi ◽  
Calogero Bugea ◽  
Antonio Rapani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control ◽  
Implant Site Preparation ◽  
Single Crowns

Aim. To compare implant survival rate and marginal bone loss (MBL) of immediately loaded single implants inserted by using ultrasonic implant site preparation (UISP) (test) and conventional rotary instrumentation (control). Methods. Two single implants were inserted for each patient: after randomization, test site was prepared by using an ultrasonic device (Piezosurgery Touch, Mectron, Italy) and control site was prepared by using the drills of the selected implant system (Premium AZT, Sweden & Martina, Italy), until reaching a final diameter of 3 mm in both groups. Identical implants (3.8x11.5 mm) were inserted in all sites at crestal level. Impressions were taken and screwed resin single crowns with platform-switched provisional abutments were delivered with 48 hours. Periapical radiographs were taken at provisional crown insertion (T0), 6 months (T1) and one year (T2) after prosthetic loading to measure MBL. All data were tested for normality and subsequently analyzed by paired samples t-test and forward multiple linear regression. Results. Forty-eight patients were treated in six centers with the insertion of ninety-six implants (48 test; 48 control). Four implants in four patients failed within the first six months of healing (two in test group; two in control group; no difference between groups). Forty patients (age 60.1±10.7 years; 22 female, 18 male) were included in the final analysis. Mean MBL after six months of loading was 1.39±1.03 mm in the test group and 1.42±1.16 mm in the control group (p>0.05) and after one year was 1.92±1.14 mm and 2.14±1.55 mm in test and control, respectively (p>0.05). Conclusions. No differences in survival rate and MBL were demonstrated between UISP and conventional site preparation with rotary instruments in immediately loaded dental implants: UISP, with its characteristics of enhanced surgical control and safety in proximity of delicate structures, may be used as a reliable alternative to the traditional drilling systems.

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