scholarly journals Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing of High Porosity 316L Stainless Steel Metal Foams

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3744
Author(s):  
Ganesh Kumar Meenashisundaram ◽  
Zhengkai Xu ◽  
Mui Ling Sharon Nai ◽  
Shenglu Lu ◽  
Jyi Sheuan Ten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Space Holder ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Binder Jetting

High porosity (40% to 60%) 316L stainless steel containing well-interconnected open-cell porous structures with pore openness index of 0.87 to 1 were successfully fabricated by binder jetting and subsequent sintering processes coupled with a powder space holder technique. Mono-sized (30 µm) and 30% (by volume) spherically shaped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) powder was used as the space holder material. The effects of processing conditions such as: (1) binder saturation rates (55%, 100% and 150%), and (2) isothermal sintering temperatures (1000 ○C to 1200 ○C) on the porosity of 316L stainless steel parts were studied. By varying the processing conditions, porosity of 40% to 45% were achieved. To further increase the porosity values of 316L stainless steel parts, 30 vol. % (or 6 wt. %) of PMMA space holder particles were added to the 3D printing feedstock and porosity values of 57% to 61% were achieved. Mercury porosimetry results indicated pore sizes less than 40 µm for all the binder jetting processed 316L stainless steel parts. Anisotropy in linear shrinkage after the sintering process was observed for the SS316L parts with the largest linear shrinkage in the Z direction. The Young’s modulus and compression properties of 316L stainless steel parts decreased with increasing porosity and low Young’s modulus values in the range of 2 GPa to 29 GPa were able to be achieved. The parts fabricated by using pure 316L stainless steel feedstock sintered at 1200 ○C with porosity of ~40% exhibited the maximum overall compressive properties with 0.2% compressive yield strength of 52.7 MPa, ultimate compressive strength of 520 MPa, fracture strain of 36.4%, and energy absorption of 116.7 MJ/m3, respectively. The Young’s modulus and compression properties of the binder jetting processed 316L stainless steel parts were found to be on par with that of the conventionally processed porous 316L stainless steel parts and even surpassed those having similar porosities, and matched to that of the cancellous bone types.

Finite Element Method for Predicting the Cohesive Strength of DLC Film on 316L Stainless Steel by Four Point Bend Test and Validation with Experimental Results

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 1823-1831
Author(s):  
Muhammad M. Morshed ◽  
Stephen M. Daniels ◽  
M.S.J. Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Cohesive Strength ◽  
Bend Test ◽  
Deposition Pressure ◽  
Point Bend

The mechanical performance of DLC coatings on 316L stainless steel deposited by a saddle field fast atom beam source has been evaluated using the four point bend (FPB) test. Two different deposition parameters, pressure and current were varied when depositing the films. Load-displacement measurements were carried out during the bend test to determine the load corresponding to crack initiation. This load designated as the cohesive strength of the coating which is also called the cracking resistance of coating and provides a measure of the strength of the coating. The cohesive strength of the coating was calculated based on elementary beam theory. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the location of the crack. Finite element analysis was used to predict the stress distribution across the coating thickness. The experimental work on FPB tests has been used to support the numerical (finite element) model for the determination and prediction of film cohesive strength. It was observed that at lower deposition current, the cohesive strength increases with increased deposition pressure whereas, for higher deposition current, these values do not increase with increasing deposition pressure. The model takes into account the film’s Young’s modulus, thickness and deposition pressure and current, and has shown that it is capable of predicting film cohesive strength when combined with a theoretical formulation for brittle fracture. It has been observed that the maximum stress develops at the outer surface of the film and propagates through the film-substrate interface. This result has only been validated for films with higher Young’s modulus compared to that of the substrate material.

Effects of process parameters, debinding and sintering on the microstructure of 316L stainless steel produced by binder jetting

2021 ◽  
pp. 142108
Author(s):  
Nora Lecis ◽  
Marco Mariani ◽  
Ruben Beltrami ◽  
Lorena Emanuelli ◽  
Riccardo Casati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Binder Jetting

Characterization of Cofficient of Friction in Dry Contact for Control of Vibrations in Machine Systems

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil Abdo ◽  
Kambiz Farhang ◽  
Glenn Meinhardt
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Dry Contact ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Alloy 6061

Abstract A 2k factorial experiment is performed to ascertain the effect of four factors and their cross influence on friction between dry surfaces. The factors in this study include materials Young’s modulus, applied normal load, surface roughness and relative surface speed. For each combination of factors four replicates in addition to two center points are used to obtain an average coefficient of friction for dry contact. In the experiment 304 Stainless Steel and Alloy 6061 Aluminum are employed to provide the high and low levels of Young’s modulus. Results suggest that Young’s modulus has the most significant influence followed by velocity/modulus cross-coupling, surface roughness, load, and modulus/roughness. Analyses are carried out separately for the 304 Stainless Steel and alloy 6061 Aluminum to remove the effect of Young’s modulus. The results are used to obtain iso-friction curves that serve to establish force-speed control for prevention of stick-slip vibration.

scholarly journals Correlations of Geometry and Infill Degree of Extrusion Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Components

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5173
Author(s):  
Tobias Rosnitschek ◽  
Andressa Seefeldt ◽  
Bettina Alber-Laukant ◽  
Thomas Neumeyer ◽  
Volker Altstädt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Metal Extrusion

This study focuses on the effect of part geometry and infill degrees on effective mechanical properties of extrusion additively manufactured stainless steel 316L parts produced with BASF’s Ultrafuse 316LX filament. Knowledge about correlations between infill degrees, mechanical properties and dimensional deviations are essential to enhance the part performance and further establish efficient methods for the product development for lightweight metal engineering applications. To investigate the effective Young’s modulus, yield strength and bending stress, standard testing methods for tensile testing and bending testing were used. For evaluating the dimensional accuracy, the tensile and bending specimens were measured before and after sintering to analyze anisotropic shrinkage effects and dimensional deviations linked to the infill structure. The results showed that dimensions larger than 10 mm have minor geometrical deviations and that the effective Young’s modulus varied in the range of 176%. These findings provide a more profound understanding of the process and its capabilities and enhance the product development process for metal extrusion-based additive manufacturing.

scholarly journals Development of Microneedle Puncture Device that Prevents Buckling of Needle by Delivery Operation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-389
Author(s):  
Masato Suzuki ◽  
◽  
Fuuta Motooka ◽  
Tomokazu Takahashi ◽  
Seiji Aoyagi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Plastic Plate ◽  
Stainless Steel Needle ◽  
Delivery Mechanism

Herein, using the micromachining technology, we propose a microneedle delivery mechanism that is similar to the lead delivery mechanism for a mechanical pencil. This mechanism involves three parts: a needle grasping part, a needle advancing part, and a needle retainer. This mechanism advances the needle by repeating the following steps: 1) fix the needle in the grasping part; 2) simultaneously advance the grasping part and the needle using the advancing part; 3) release the needle from the grasping part; 4) retreat the grasping and the advancing parts to their initial positions. This operation advances the needle very slowly, thereby allowing the needle to puncture the skin without buckling, even if the needle has a narrow diameter. Each component of the puncture device was cut from a plastic plate using a femtosecond laser. We evaluated the performance of the device for a stainless steel needle of φ100 μm, and were successful in delivering the needle at approximately 100 μm/cycle under a no-load condition. We also succeeded in puncturing the same needle into a hydrogel (Young’s modulus of ∼0.08 MPa) using this device.

Texture Characterization of Stainless Steel Cladded Layers of Process Vessels

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1588-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Rebelo-Kornmeier ◽  
Wei Min Gan ◽  
M.J. Marques ◽  
A.C. Batista ◽  
Michael Hofmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Protective Layers ◽  
Local Texture ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Gauge Volume ◽  
Texture Characterization

In this study local texture of process vessels made of carbon steel cladded by protective layers of stainless steel by submerged arc welding (SAW) were investigated by neutron diffraction using the diffractometer STRESSSPEC at FRM 2 (Garching, Germany). Different samples were prepared: as welded and as welded plus relevant industrial heat treatment. Local texture measurements with a gauge volume of 3 x 3 x 2 mm3 of the three cladding layers (at depths of 2 mm, 5 mm and 7.5 mm) for each sample were determined. Texture results indicated that there exists an annealed cube component in all the studied samples. Based on the measured pole figures at each depth and sample, the calculated orientation distribution functions data were used to calculate the Young's modulus with respect to the main welding directions. The calculated local and bulk anisotropic Young’s modulus in depth is presented and discussed.

Coatability of Diamond-Like Carbon on 316L Stainless Steel Printed by Binder Jetting

2021 ◽  
pp. 102064
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Tillmann ◽  
Nelson Filipe Lopes Dias ◽  
Dominic Stangier ◽  
Christopher Schaak ◽  
Simon Höges
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Binder Jetting

On the Young's modulus of 304 L stainless steel thin films

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Boubeker ◽  
M Talea ◽  
Ph Goudeau ◽  
C Coupeau ◽  
J Grilhe
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document