scholarly journals Fracture Load of CAD/CAM Feldspathic Crowns Influenced by Abutment Material

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3407
Author(s):  
Mladen Bencun ◽  
Andreas Ender ◽  
Daniel B. Wiedemeier ◽  
Albert Mehl
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Fracture Load ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Human Dentin ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Pairwise Contrasts ◽  
Hybrid Ceramic

In vitro studies investigating the mechanical properties of dental reconstructions use various materials to replicate prepared teeth. However, no uniform recommendation exists as to which material is most suitable for standardized testing. The purpose of this study was to identify a material that resembles human dentin in fracture load tests. Sixteen human teeth were scanned with an intraoral scanner to obtain copies of the original crown morphology and were then prepared for crowns. Replica dies of the prepared teeth including the root morphology were fabricated with a Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system and divided into four groups: (A) reinforced composite (RC); (B) human dentin (HD); (C) polymethyl methacrylate (PM); and (D) hybrid ceramic (HC). Sixty-four feldspar ceramic crowns were designed with the biocopy mode, fabricated with a CAD/CAM system, luted on the dies, and then with the roots embedded in polymethyl methacrylate. Care was taken to position all specimens of the same morphology identically. Thermo-mechanical load cycling was performed in a chewing simulator followed by fractural loading of the crowns. A mixed effect linear model was fitted to the data, and pairwise contrasts were estimated on the marginal means and corrected for multiple testing according to Tukey (α = 0.05). The means for fracture load (N) were 2435 N (95% CI (2162, 2709)) for hybrid ceramic, 1838 N (95% CI (1565, 2112)) for reinforced composite, 1670 N (95% CI (1396, 1943)) for human tooth and 1142 N (95% CI (868, 1415)) for polymethyl methacrylate abutment materials. Post-hoc pairwise contrasts revealed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference among all groups except for reinforced composite and human dentin (p = 0.76). The results indicate that the mechanical properties of abutment dies play a significant role for a possible substitution of natural teeth in in vitro studies.

scholarly journals Fracture Resistance of Partial Indirect Restorations Made With CAD/CAM Technology. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amesti-Garaizabal ◽  
Agustín-Panadero ◽  
Verdejo-Solá ◽  
Fons-Font ◽  
Fernández-Estevan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Proximal Box Elevation ◽  
Hybrid Ceramic

Background: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the fracture resistance and survival rate of partial indirect restorations inlays, onlays, and overlays fabricated using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology from ceramics, composite resin, resin nanoceramic, or hybrid ceramic and to analyze the influence of proximal box elevation on fracture resistance. Materials and methods: This systematic review was based on guidelines proposed by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). An electronic search was conducted in databases US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and Embase. In vitro trials published during the last 10 years were included in the review. Results: Applying inclusion criteria based on the review’s population, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) question, 13 articles were selected. Meta-analysis by restoration type estimated the fracture resistance of inlays to be 1923.45 Newtons (N); of onlays 1644 N and of overlays 1383.6 N. Meta-analysis by restoration material obtained an estimated fracture resistance for ceramic of 1529.5 N, for composite resin of 1600 Ne, for resin nanoceramic 2478.7 N, and hybrid ceramic 2108 N. Conclusions: Resin nanoceramic inlays present significantly higher fracture resistance values. Proximal box elevation does not exert any influence on the fracture resistance of indirect restorations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the light transmission of chairside polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramics in different shades and thicknesses

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 228080001880710 ◽  
Author(s):  
İbrahim Duran ◽  
Necati Kaleli ◽  
Çağrı Ural ◽  
İdris Kavut
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Lower Light ◽  
Hybrid Ceramic

Background: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the amount of polymerizing light passing through hybrid ceramic specimens in different shades and thicknesses. Methods: Rectangular-shaped feldspathic ceramic computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) blocks and translucent and high translucent polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic CAD-CAM blocks in four different shades (1M1, 1M2, 2M2, and 3M2) were sectioned in four different thicknesses (0.8, 1.5, 2, and 3 mm), and a total of 48 groups ( n = 10) were obtained. Feldspathic ceramic specimens served as the control group. The light transmission of each ceramic specimen was measured three times by using a light-emitting diode and a radiometer. Data were statistically analyzed by using univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by one-way ANOVA, Tukey honest significant difference, and Tamhane T2 tests (α = 0.05). Results: Translucent polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic specimens exhibited significantly ( p < 0.001) lower light transmission values than high translucent polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic and feldspathic ceramic specimens, whereas feldspathic ceramic specimens exhibited significantly ( p < 0.001) higher light transmission than translucent and high translucent polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic specimens. The amount of light transmission significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased when the shade value decreased and the thickness increased. Conclusions: Polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic specimens showed lower light transmission values than feldspathic ceramic specimens, and the amount of light transmission was affected by the ceramic shade and thickness.

Mechanical properties of polymethyl methacrylate as a denture base: Conventional versus CAD-CAM resin – A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Pedro Justino de Oliveira Limírio ◽  
Jéssica Marcela de Luna Gomes ◽  
Maria Cristina Rosifini Alves Rezende ◽  
Cleidiel Aparecido Araújo Lemos ◽  
Cleber Davi Del Rei Daltro Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Cad Cam

Influence of CAD/CAM Fabrication and Sintering Procedures on the Fracture Load of Full-Contour Monolithic Zirconia Crowns as a Function of Material Thickness

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Zimmermann ◽  
A Ender ◽  
A Mehl
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fracture Load ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Material Thickness ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Zirconia Crowns ◽  
Monolithic Zirconia

Summary Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to analyze the effect of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fabrication and sintering procedures on the fracture load of monolithic zirconia crowns with different material thicknesses adhesively seated to methacrylate dies fabricated with stereolithography technology. Method: Monolithic zirconia crowns were fabricated from inCoris TZI C material with a chairside CAD/CAM system (CEREC MCXL) comprising three material thicknesses (0.5/1.0/1.5 mm, n=8 each). Two CAD/CAM fabrication procedures (milling, MI; grinding, GR), two chairside sintering procedures (superspeed, SS; speedfire sintering, SF), and one labside sintering procedure (classic, CL) were evaluated. In total, 144 crowns were fabricated. Restorations were adhesively seated to methacrylate dies fabricated with SLA technology. Thermomechanical cycling (TCML) was performed before fracture testing. Loading forces until fracture were registered and statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post hoc Scheffé test, and three-way ANOVA (α=0.05). Results: Test groups showed statistically significant differences (p&lt;0.05). The highest mean value was found for 1.5-mm crowns of group GR_SF with 3678.6 ± 363.9 N. The lowest mean value was found for group 0.5-mm crowns of group MI_SF with 382.4 ± 30.7 N. There was a significant three-way interaction effect between thickness, sintering, and processing [F(4,126)=9.542; p&lt;0.001; three-way ANOVA, significance level α=0.05]. Conclusions: CAD/CAM fabrication and sintering procedures influence the maximum loading force of monolithic zirconia crowns with different material thicknesses. A material thickness of 0.5 mm should be considered as a critical thickness for monolithic zirconia crown restorations.

scholarly journals Development of a New Fiberglass Reinforced Composite for Computer Aided Design - Computer Aided Manufacturing Applications in Dentistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-604
Author(s):  
Mihai Varvara ◽  
Rares Stiufiuc ◽  
Valentin Toma ◽  
Carina Culic ◽  
Doina Prodan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Fiber Glass ◽  
Hybrid Filler ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Manufacturing Applications

The aim of this work was the development of a series of glass fiber reinforced composites (FRCs) for CAD/CAM applications in dentistry and the characterization of their structure by SEM, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. A selection of 2 different types of resins (R1 composed from 25%Bis-GMA, 40%UEDMA, 35% DMTEG and R2 composed from 65%Bis-GMA, 35% DMTEG) with 2 different types of hybrid filler (F1 with 42% quartz, 42% radiopaque glass and 16 % hydroxyapatite and F2 with 90% quartz and 10% colloidal silica) and 3 different types of E type fiber glass geometries (veil 30g/m2, twill 163g/m2 and textile 300g/m2) in 4, 6, 8 and 10 layers were used in this in vitro study. Raman analysis, showed a powerful interaction between the polymer and the fiber glass. FTIR and SEM data revealed that the different fiber glass geometries were well incorporated inside the resin, resulting an acceptable homogeneity. Within the limitation of this study, it is possible to achieve a fiber glass reinforced composite for the use of CAD/CAM technology. Further investigation must be done in order to test all the properties of the new material.

scholarly journals Fracture Load of CAD/CAM Fabricated Cantilever Implant-Supported Zirconia Framework: An In Vitro Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2259
Author(s):  
Ibraheem F. Alshiddi ◽  
Syed Rashid Habib ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Zafar ◽  
Salwa Bajunaid ◽  
Nawaf Labban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Fracture Load ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cantilever Length ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam

The fracture resistance of computer-aided designing and computer-aided manufacturing CAD/CAM fabricated implant-supported cantilever zirconia frameworks (ISCZFs) is affected by the size/dimension and the micro cracks produced from diamond burs during the milling process. The present in vitro study investigated the fracture load for different cross-sectional dimensions of connector sites of implant-supported cantilever zirconia frameworks (ISCZFs) with different cantilever lengths (load point). A total of 48 ISCZFs (Cercon, Degudent; Dentsply, Deutschland, Germany) were fabricated by CAD/CAM and divided into four groups based on cantilever length and reinforcement of distal-abutment: Group A: 9 mm cantilever; Group B: 9 mm cantilever with reinforced distal-abutment; Group C: 12 mm cantilever; Group D: 12 mm cantilever with reinforced distal-abutment (n = 12). The ISCZFs were loaded using a universal testing machine for recording the fracture load. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Tukey’s test were used for the statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Significant variations were found between the fracture loads of the four ISCZFs (p = 0.000); Group-C and B were found with the weakest and the strongest distal cantilever frameworks with fracture load of 670.39 ± 130.96 N and 1137.86 ± 127.85 N, respectively. The mean difference of the fracture load between groups A (810.49 + 137.579 N) and B (1137.86 ± 127.85 N) and between C (670.39 ± 130.96 N) and D (914.58 + 149.635 N) was statistically significant (p = 0.000). Significant variations in the fracture load between the ISCZFs with different cantilever lengths and thicknesses of the distal abutments were found. Increasing the thickness of the distal abutment only by 0.5 mm reinforces the distal abutments by significantly increasing the fracture load of the ISCZFs. Therefore, an increase in the thickness of the distal abutments is recommended in patients seeking implant-supported distal cantilever fixed prostheses.

scholarly journals Fracture Load of Metal, Zirconia and Polyetheretherketone Posterior CAD-CAM Milled Fixed Partial Denture Frameworks

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Verónica Rodríguez ◽  
Celia Tobar ◽  
Carlos López-Suárez ◽  
Jesús Peláez ◽  
María J. Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Fracture Load ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Weibull Statistics ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Group 2

The aim of this study was to investigate the load to fracture and fracture pattern of prosthetic frameworks for tooth-supported fixed partial dentures (FPDs) fabricated with different subtractive computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials. Materials and Methods: Thirty standardized specimens with two abutments were fabricated to receive three-unit posterior FDP frameworks with an intermediate pontic. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10 each) according to the material: group 1 (MM)—milled metal; group 2 (L)—zirconia; and group 3 (P)—Polyetheretherketone (PEEK). The specimens were thermo-cycled and subjected to a three-point bending test until fracture using a universal testing machine (cross-head speed: 1 mm/min). Axial compressive loads were applied at the central fossa of the pontics. Data analysis was made using one-way analysis of variance, Tamhane post hoc test, and Weibull statistics (α = 0.05). Results: Significant differences were observed among the groups for the fracture load (p < 0.0001). MM frameworks showed the highest fracture load values. The PEEK group registered higher fracture load values than zirconia samples. The Weibull statistics corroborated these results. The fracture pattern was different among the groups. Conclusions: Milled metal provided the highest fracture load values, followed by PEEK, and zirconia. However, all tested groups demonstrated clinically acceptable fracture load values higher than 1000 N. PEEK might be considered a promising alternative for posterior FPDs.

Review of Marginal Adaptation and Fracture Resistance of Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturer (CAD‐CAM) Fabricated Endo-crowns

2021 ◽  
pp. 196-208
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Alhaddad ◽  
Samar Abuzinadah ◽  
Abdullah Al-Otaibi ◽  
Abrar Alotaibi ◽  
Mohsen Alfkih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Marginal Gap ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Electronic Database Search ◽  
Cause Of Failure

Background: Zirconia-based restorations have become more popular in dentistry during the last two decades. Patients choose metal-free restorations, preferring materials with similar attributes to natural teeth and similar light scattering characteristics, resulting in a nice esthetic appearance. Restoring a root canal treated teeth is one of the hot topics today. endo crown materials can be either; feldspathic, glass-ceramic, monolithic hybrid ceramic or composite material. Considering the marginal gap of endocrown, an important cause of failure of treatment, the current study evaluated the marginal gap of CAD‐CAM concocted endo-crowns. Materials and Methods: This research is an analysis systemic review study was conducted between January 2020 and October 2021. We followed the PRISMA principles and recorded this systematic review using the PROSPERO database to find and identify published literature related to the marginal adaptation of CAD-CAM-fabricated endocrown. The search will include all relevant articles through the end of 2021. Finally, 24 papers on marginal clearance and fracture resistance in coronary arteries were reviewed. Results: The electronic database search yielded 98 studies that were relevant. After cross-referencing, further seven studies were added. After a full-text analysis and duplicate reduction, 74 of the 98 articles were eliminated. 5 clinical (prospective) studies, 19 in vitro studies were found. Conclusion: This analysis of the recent literature on the marginal seating integrity and fracture resistance of CAD/CAM made-up endo-crowns showed that the endo-crown had superior marginal seating integrity than classical full crown. CAM/CAM showed statistically significant higher mean fracture resistance than MAD/MAM.

scholarly journals Single blinded in-vitro study comparing microleakage between CAD/CAM crowns milled out of feldspathic ceramic and resin nano ceramic, cemented with three resin cements

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-772
Author(s):  
Asa Yazdani Fard ◽  
Zuryati Ab Ghani ◽  
Zaihan Ariffin ◽  
Dasmawati Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam

Background: Studies on microleakage of Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crowns are abundant. However many of them are inconclusive, especially those using self adhesive cements. Aims: To compare the microleakage between CAD/CAM crowns milled out of feldspathic ceramic and resin nano ceramics, cemented with three resin cements. Materials and Methods: Crown preparation was made on 54 extracted human premolars. Impressions were captured optically using CEREC 3D machine intraoral camera, and crowns were milled from feldspathic ceramic (CEREC® Blocs PC, VITA) and resin nano ceramic (Lava™ Ultimate CAD/CAM Restorative, 3M ESPE) blocks. The crowns were then cemented with three cements (n = 9); RelyX™ U200 Self-Adhesive Resin Cement (3M ESPE); NX3 Nexus ® cement with two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Kerr Corporation) or three/multistep etch-and-rinse resin cement, Variolink® II/Syntac Classic (Ivoclar Vivadent). The specimens were kept in water for 24 hours, thermocycled, and then soaked in methylene blue dye for 24 hours, before being sectioned mesiodistally. Microleakage was assessed using a fivepoint scale using stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using ONEWay ANOVA. Results: CEREC® Blocs PC crowns showed significantly less microleakage (p< 0.001) compared to Lava™ Ultimate. RelyX™ U200 showed significantly lower microleakage (p< 0.001) compared to other cements. Combination of Lava™ Ultimate crown cemented with RelyX™ U200 showed the least microleakage (p< 0.001). Conclusions: The microleakage scores were affected by the types of crown and cements. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(4) 2019 p.764-772

Biomechanical In Vitro Study on the Stability of Patient-Specific CAD/CAM Mandibular Reconstruction Plates: A Comparison Between Selective Laser Melted, Milled, and Hand-Bent Plates

2020 ◽  
pp. 194338752095268
Author(s):  
Robin Kasper ◽  
Karsten Winter ◽  
Sebastian Pietzka ◽  
Alexander Schramm ◽  
Frank Wilde
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mandibular Reconstruction ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Plate Fracture ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Bent Plates ◽  
Cam Systems

Study Design: An experimental in vitro study. Objective: Plate fractures are a recurrent problem in alloplastic mandibular reconstruction. Hypothetically it can be assumed that computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) reconstruction plates have a higher stability than conventional hand-bent plates. The aim of the study was to compare additive and subtractive fabricated CAD/CAM mandibular reconstruction plates as well as conventional plates with regard to their biomechanical properties. Methods: In a chewing simulator, plates of 2 conventional locking plate systems and 2 CAD/CAM-fabricated plate systems were compared. The plates were loaded in a fatigue test. The maximum number of cycles until plate fracture and the plate stiffness were compared. Results: While all conventional plates fractured at a maximum load between 150 and 210 N (Newton) after a number of cycles between 40 000 and 643 000, none of the CAD/CAM plates broke despite a nearly doubled load of 330 N and 2 million cycles. Both CAD/CAM systems proved to be significantly superior to the hand-bent plates. There was no difference between the 2 CAD/CAM systems. Conclusions: Concerning the risk of plate fracture, patient-specific CAD/CAM reconstruction plates appear to have a significant advantage over conventional hand-bent plates in alloplastic mandibular reconstruction.

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