scholarly journals The Synergistic Effect of Ionic Liquid-Modified Expandable Graphite and Intumescent Flame-Retardant on Flame-Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjun Chen ◽  
Yuanfang Luo ◽  
Xiaohui Guo ◽  
Lijuan Chen ◽  
Demin Jia
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Mechanism ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Synergistic Flame Retardant

In this study, a nitrogen–phosphorus intumescent flame-retardant 3-(N-diphenyl phosphate) amino propyl triethoxy silane (DPES), the ionic liquid (IL) of 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazole phosphate, and a phosphorous-containing ionic liquid-modified expandable graphite (IL-EG), were synthesized, and their molecular structures were characterized. The flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were compounded with synergistic flame-retardant IL-EG/DPES to study the effects of the combination IL-EG and DPES on the pore structure, mechanical properties, thermal decomposition behavior and thermal decomposition mechanism of RPUF. The results showed that IL-EG/DPES had good thermal stability, and an excellent expansibility and char yield. The flame-retardant RPUF, modified with IL-EG and DPES at the ratio of 1:1, had a relatively uniform pore size, the highest compressive strength, and an excellent flame-retardant performance due to the form interwoven hydrogen bonds between IL-EG and DPES, as well as the new synergistic flame-retardant coating on the RPUF surface to restrict the transfer of gas or heat into the PU matrix.

scholarly journals Flame Retardant Behavior of Ternary Synergistic Systems in Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Xi ◽  
Lijun Qian ◽  
Linjie Li
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Dimethyl Ester ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Char Layer ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Synergistic Flame Retardant

In order to explore flame retardant systems with higher efficiency in rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs), aluminum hydroxide (ATH), [bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-methyl-phosphonic acid dimethyl ester (BH) and expandable graphite (EG) were employed in RPUF for constructing ternary synergistic flame retardant systems. Compared with binary BH/EG systems and aluminum oxide (AO)/BH/EG, ATH/BH/EG with the same fractions in RPUFs demonstrated an increase in the limited oxygen index value, a decreased peak value of heat release rate, and a decreased mass loss rate. In particular, it inhibited smoke release. During combustion, ATH in ternary systems decomposed and released water, which captured the phosphorus-containing products from pyrolyzed BH to generate polyphosphate. The polyphosphate combined with AO from ATH and the expanded char layer from EG, forming a char layer with a better barrier effect. In ternary systems, ATH, BH, and EG can work together to generate an excellent condensed-phase synergistic flame retardant effect.

A facile strategy to fabricate microencapsulated expandable graphite as a flame-retardant for rigid polyurethane foams

2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (31) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Liang Zhang ◽  
Hong-Ji Duan ◽  
Ding-Xiang Yan ◽  
Li-Quan Kang ◽  
Wei-Qin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Expandable Graphite For Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant of High-Density Rigid Polyurethane Foams

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1323-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Shi ◽  
Zhong-Ming Li ◽  
Ming-Bo Yang ◽  
Bo Yin ◽  
Qiu-Ming Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
High Density ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Halogen Free
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