scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatment on Cr2Nb Phase and Properties of Spark Plasma Sintered Cu-2Cr-1Nb Alloy

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2860
Author(s):  
Xueqian Lv ◽  
Zuming Liu ◽  
Ting Lei ◽  
Quan Li ◽  
Yake Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Good Match ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Spark Plasma

Achieving a good match between strength and conductivity is a challenge of the development of the high-performance Cu-Cr-Nb alloy for aerospace and fusion energy. The effect of heat treatment on Cr2Nb phase, strength and conductivity of spark plasma sintered (SPSed) Cu-2Cr-1Nb (at%) alloy was investigated. The results illustrated that Cr2Nb phase of Cu-2Cr-1Nb alloy can be regulated by heat treatment, multi-scale Cr2Nb phase with sizes of 0.10–0.50 μm, 30–100 nm and less than 30 nm was obtained, and the strength and conductivity were significantly increased after heat treatment at 500 °C for 2 h, the room temperature tensile strength and conductivity were 332 MPa and 86.7% IACS, 2.5% and 34.8% higher than those of as-SPSed alloy; the tensile strength at 700 °C was 76 MPa. Increasing heat treatment temperature and time, the tensile strength of the alloy was reduced by 1.5%, 4.3% and 12.3% after heat treatment at 500 °C, 700 °C and 950 °C for 72 h. The good match between strength and conductivity of Cu-Cr-Nb alloy was obtained by reducing the content of alloying elements (Cr and Nb) and microstructure regulation. This approach can be used to prepare structural/functional materials with excellent strength and conductivity.

scholarly journals Electrical Resistivity and Tensile Strength Relationship in Heat-Treated All Aluminum Alloy Wire Conductors

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5738
Author(s):  
Nidal Alshwawreh ◽  
Baider Alhamarneh ◽  
Qutaiba Altwarah ◽  
Shamel Quandour ◽  
Shadi Barghout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
And Control

Thermal processing of all aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC) is an important step that is performed to enhance the electrical and mechanical properties after the drawing process. In these 6xxx alloys, mechanical strength and electrical conductivity are normally two mutually exclusive properties. With the increased demand for high performance power conductors, it is important to understand and control microstructural evolution processes (e.g., recovery and the formation of nanoscale precipitates) in these alloys for better electrical and mechanical characteristics. In this study, heat treatment was performed on as-drawn 6201 AAAC wire conductors. The variations in tensile strength and electrical resistivity were quantitatively studied as a function of both the treatment temperature and holding time. Two wire diameters commonly used in the manufacturing of medium and high voltage power cables were used: 1.7 mm and 3.5 mm. From the obtained data, significant changes in the electrical resistivity and tensile strength were observed with increasing the treatment time. For both wire diameters, it was observed that the correlation between strength and resistivity can be described by a simple exponential relationship. This link could be useful in predicting mechanical strength by monitoring electrical resistivity variations during industrial heat treatment of AAAC wire conductors.

Effects of Ferrite Content on the Tensile Strength and Impact Toughness of 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V Steels

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 520-523
Author(s):  
Tae Kyu Kim ◽  
Chang Hee Han ◽  
Sung Ho Kim ◽  
Hee Kyung Kwon ◽  
Dong Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Ferrite Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Postweld Heat ◽  
Low Solubility

In order to evaluate the effects of a pro-eutectoid ferrite content on the tensile strength and impact toughness of 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steels, several samples with a different area fraction of ferrite in the range from 0 to 80% were prepared by a control of cooling rate from an austenitization heat treatment temperature of 930oC. The steels were then tempered at 690oC, followed by a heat treatment at 705oC as a simulation of postweld heat treatments. The results of microstructural observation indicated that the ferrite was uniformly distributed in the bainitic matrix. The results of tensile tests revealed that the tensile strength at room temperature and 450oC was slightly reduced with the ferrite content of up to 20%, but it was considerably reduced with the ferrite content of 80%. On the other hand, the results of impact tests at -60, -80 and -100oC indicated that the impact toughness was rapidly degraded with increasing ferrite content. These results attributed to the segregation of carbides in the bainitic matrix as a result of the formation of ferrite phase with low solubility of carbon. It is concluded that the ferrite content in the 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steels could exert a sensitive inference on the impact toughness rather than on tensile properties.

Strength of Commercial Aluminum Alloys after Equal Channel Angular Pressing and Post-ECAP Processing

2006 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Yu. Murashkin ◽  
M.V. Markushev ◽  
Julia Ivanisenko ◽  
Ruslan Valiev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Ecap Processing ◽  
Angular Pressing

The effects of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), further heat treatment and rolling on the structure and room temperature mechanical properties of the commercial aluminum alloys 6061 (Al-0.9Mg-0.7Si) and 1560 (Al-6.5Mg-0.6Mn) were investigated. It has been shown that the strength of the alloys after ECAP is higher than that achieved after conventional processing. Prior ECAP solution treatment and post-ECAP ageing can additionally increase the strength of the 6061 alloy. Under optimal ageing conditions a yield strength (YS) of 434 MPa and am ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 470 MPa were obtained for the alloy. Additional cold rolling leads to a YS and UTS of 475 and 500 MPa with 8% elongation. It was found that the post-ECAP isothermal rolling of the 1560 alloy resulted in the formation of a nano-fibred structure and a tensile strength (YS = 540 MPa and UTS = 635 MPa) that has never previously been observed in commercial non-heat treatable alloys.

scholarly journals Investigation of Atmospheric Moisture during Heat Treatment of Glass Fibres

Fibers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jenkins ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
James Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Fibre Strength ◽  
Atmospheric Moisture ◽  
Glass Fibres ◽  
Alternative Theories

The tensile strength of single water-sized E-glass fibres that were thermally conditioned, either in air or under vacuum, was investigated. The vacuum removed water from the conditioning atmosphere, as well as the fibre surfaces, at room temperature but retained tensile strength of fibres treated in the absence of water were not significantly different from those thermally conditioned in a standard air furnace. The results suggest that water, either in the treatment atmosphere or on the surface of the fibres, is not a significant factor in fundamental glass fibre strength loss at an elevated temperature. It may, therefore, be necessary to consider alternative theories to explain this strength loss.

Tensile Behaviour of 6082 Aluminium Alloy Sheet under Different Conditions of Heat Treatment, Temperature and Strain Rate

2009 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Torca ◽  
A. Aginagalde ◽  
J.A. Esnaola ◽  
L. Galdos ◽  
Zigor Azpilgain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Tensile Behaviour

Aluminium alloys are more and more important for the automotive industry due to their high strength to weight ratio and their elevated ductility; they are used for many different parts in automobiles as exterior panels, structural parts, brake housings and others. However, their formability at room temperature is limited. This inconvenient can be improved by increasing the forming temperature of the part. That lack of formability has lead to this research project dealing with the tensile behaviour of aluminium alloys sheets, at different conditions of temperature and strain rate. The analyzed material has been 6082 aluminium alloy, under two different heat treatment conditions (O and T6). Material testing has been carried out in a temperature range between room temperature and 250°C, and a strain rate range between 0.001s-1 and 0.1s-1. Testing samples have been obtained from laminated sheet of 1.5mm thickness. This article shows that the alloy under T6 condition has a reduced formability, even in warm conditions. In order to get higher deformation values an annealed condition is proposed to form the material. The effect of T6 heat treatment and O annealing treatment in the uniaxial warm formability is discussed and a microstructural analysis is also presented in order to understand the differences on the alloy behaviour.

scholarly journals Grain Refinement and Improved Mechanical Properties of EUROFER97 by Thermo-Mechanical Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10598
Author(s):  
Giulia Stornelli ◽  
Andrea Di Schino ◽  
Silvia Mancini ◽  
Roberto Montanari ◽  
Claudio Testani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Fusion Applications ◽  
Cold Rolled

EUROFER97 steel plates for nuclear fusion applications are usually manufactured by hot rolling and subsequent heat treatments: (1) austenitization at 980 °C for 30 min, (2) rapid cooling and (3) tempering at 760 °C for 90 min. An extended experimental campaign was carried out with the scope of improving the strength of the steel without a loss of ductility. Forty groups of samples were prepared by combining cold rolling with five cold reduction ratios (20, 40, 50, 60 and 80%) and heat treatments at eight different temperatures in the range 400–750 °C (steps of 50 °C). This work reports preliminary results regarding the microstructure and mechanical properties of all the cold-rolled samples and the effects of heat treatments on the samples deformed with the greater CR ratio (80%). The strength of deformed samples decreased as heat treatment temperature increased and the change was more pronounced in the samples cold-rolled with greater CR ratios. After heat treatments at temperature up to 600 °C yield stress (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of samples deformed with CR ratio of 80% were significantly larger than those of standard EUROFER97 but ductility was lower. On the contrary, the treatment at 650 °C produced a fully recrystallized structure with sub-micrometric grains which guarantees higher strength and comparable ductility. The work demonstrated that EUROFER97 steel can be strengthened without compromising its ductility; the most effective process parameters will be identified by completing the analyses on all the prepared samples.

Study on the effect of an inert atmosphere for the heat treatment coloration of wool fabric

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 4929-4937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiqi Li ◽  
Bin Tang ◽  
Zhenglin Xu ◽  
Guangming Cai
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Wool Fabric ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Recovery Angle ◽  
Increasing Temperature

This article is focused on a novel method to color wool fabric via heat treatment under an inert atmosphere. It can not only give new color to the fabric but also minimize pollution, because it is water and dye-free. The effects of temperature, time and different inert atmospheres (nitrogen, argon) used in the heat treatment on wool fabric color were studied. The bending stiffness, the crease recovery angle and tensile testing were used to analyze the mechanical properties of wool fabric before and after heat treatment. The color fastness to soaping and light of wool fabric after inert atmosphere heat treatment were compared with that of traditional basic yellow dyed wool fabric. The results showed that the K/ S value of wool fabric treated with a nitrogen and argon atmosphere increased with the increasing temperature and time. Under the same heat treatment conditions, the maximum K/ S value of fabric heat treated under nitrogen was higher than that under argon. The bending stiffness and crease recovery angle performance were improved and positively correlated with the heat treatment temperature and time. The samples treated under the same conditions under nitrogen showed higher bending stiffness and a lower crease recovery angle than under argon. The contact angle of the wool fabric after the treatment would decrease first and then increase with the increasing temperature. The tensile strength of the wool fabric would decrease with increasing temperature and time of the heat treatment in both nitrogen and argon, and the tensile strength of the wool fabric after treatment was higher than 80% of the original tensile strength, although the breaking elongation decreased. The color fastness to soaping and light of wool fabric after inert atmosphere heat treatment were better than for the traditional basic yellow dyed wool fabric. Therefore, the use of inert atmosphere heat treatment to endow wool fabric color is a potential research direction.

scholarly journals Effect of Artificial Aging, Delayed Aging, and Pre-Aging on Microstructure and Properties of 6082 Aluminum Alloy

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin He ◽  
Qinglin Pan ◽  
Hang Li ◽  
Zhiqi Huang ◽  
Shuhui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
6082 Aluminum Alloy

Three different aging treatments including single-aging, delayed-aging, and pre-aging were carried out on 6082 extruded profiles after solution heat treatment, then their hardness, tensile strength, and microstructure were tested. The experimental results reveal that the properties and microstructure changes during single-aging. Based on this, the negative effects of room temperature delay and the results of short-term pre-aging treatments used in the experiment to improve this phenomenon have been concluded.

The effect of heat treatment temperature on the mechanical properties of copper M1.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Юлия Гусева ◽  
Yuliya Guseva ◽  
Владимир Сакало ◽  
Vladimir Sakalo ◽  
Татьяна Иншакова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Heat Treatment Temperature ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Condi Tions ◽  
Solid Copper

Tensile tests of specimens made from solid copper M1 had been conducted. Samples were subjected to heat treatment by heating to temperatures of 200 to 900°C and were cooled in water or air. Values of tensile strength and relative residual elongation were defined. The condi-tions under which solid copper acquires the properties of soft copper installed.

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