scholarly journals 3D Printing of Piezoelectric Barium Titanate-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds with Interconnected Porosity for Bone Tissue Engineering

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Polley ◽  
Thomas Distler ◽  
Rainer Detsch ◽  
Henrik Lund ◽  
Armin Springer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Barium Titanate ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Porous Network ◽  
Large Bone

The prevalence of large bone defects is still a major problem in surgical clinics. It is, thus, not a surprise that bone-related research, especially in the field of bone tissue engineering, is a major issue in medical research. Researchers worldwide are searching for the missing link in engineering bone graft materials that mimic bones, and foster osteogenesis and bone remodeling. One approach is the combination of additive manufacturing technology with smart and additionally electrically active biomaterials. In this study, we performed a three-dimensional (3D) printing process to fabricate piezoelectric, porous barium titanate (BaTiO3) and hydroxyapatite (HA) composite scaffolds. The printed scaffolds indicate good cytocompatibility and cell attachment as well as bone mimicking piezoelectric properties with a piezoelectric constant of 3 pC/N. This work represents a promising first approach to creating an implant material with improved bone regenerating potential, in combination with an interconnected porous network and a microporosity, known to enhance bone growth and vascularization.

HYDROXYAPATITE, ALGINATE, AND CHITOSAN FOR BONE SCAFFOLDS: SPECTROSCOPY STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Lalita El Milla
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Powder ◽  
Materials Used

Scaffolds is three dimensional structure that serves as a framework for bone growth. Natural materials are often used in synthesis of bone tissue engineering scaffolds with respect to compliance with the content of the human body. Among the materials used to make scafffold was hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan. Hydroxyapatite powder obtained by mixing phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide, alginate powders extracted from brown algae and chitosan powder acetylated from crab. The purpose of this study was to examine the functional groups of hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan. The method used in this study was laboratory experimental using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan powders. The results indicated the presence of functional groups PO43-, O-H and CO32- in hydroxyapatite. In alginate there were O-H, C=O, COOH and C-O-C functional groups, whereas in chitosan there were O-H, N-H, C=O, C-N, and C-O-C. It was concluded that the third material containing functional groups as found in humans that correspond to the scaffolds material in bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Three-dimensionally printed polycaprolactone/multicomponent bioactive glass scaffolds for potential application in bone tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Amirhosein Fathi ◽  
Farzad Kermani ◽  
Aliasghar Behnamghader ◽  
Sara Banijamali ◽  
Masoud Mozafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Co Doped

AbstractOver the last years, three-dimensional (3D) printing has been successfully applied to produce suitable substitutes for treating bone defects. In this work, 3D printed composite scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL) and strontium (Sr)- and cobalt (Co)-doped multi-component melt-derived bioactive glasses (BGs) were prepared for bone tissue engineering strategies. For this purpose, 30% of as-prepared BG particles (size <38 μm) were incorporated into PCL, and then the obtained composite mix was introduced into a 3D printing machine to fabricate layer-by-layer porous structures with the size of 12 × 12 × 2 mm3.The scaffolds were fully characterized through a series of physico-chemical and biological assays. Adding the BGs to PCL led to an improvement in the compressive strength of the fabricated scaffolds and increased their hydrophilicity. Furthermore, the PCL/BG scaffolds showed apatite-forming ability (i.e., bioactivity behavior) after being immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). The in vitro cellular examinations revealed the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds and confirmed them as suitable substrates for the adhesion and proliferation of MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. In conclusion, 3D printed composite scaffolds made of PCL and Sr- and Co-doped BGs might be potentially-beneficial bone replacements, and the achieved results motivate further research on these materials.

scholarly journals Impact of Four Protein Additives in Cryogels on Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Häussling ◽  
Sebastian Deninger ◽  
Laura Vidoni ◽  
Helen Rinderknecht ◽  
Marc Ruoß ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Rgd Peptides

Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (Ad-MSCs) have great potential for bone tissue engineering. Cryogels, mimicking the three-dimensional structure of spongy bone, represent ideal carriers for these cells. We developed poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) cryogels, containing hydroxyapatite to mimic inorganic bone matrix. Cryogels were additionally supplemented with different types of proteins, namely collagen (Coll), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), immune cells-conditioned medium (CM), and RGD peptides (RGD). The different protein components did not affect scaffolds’ porosity or water-uptake capacity, but altered pore size and stiffness. Stiffness was highest in scaffolds with PRP (82.3 kPa), followed by Coll (55.3 kPa), CM (45.6 kPa), and RGD (32.8 kPa). Scaffolds with PRP, CM, and Coll had the largest pore diameters (~60 µm). Ad-MSCs were osteogenically differentiated on these scaffolds for 14 days. Cell attachment and survival rates were comparable for all four scaffolds. Runx2 and osteocalcin levels only increased in Ad-MSCs on Coll, PRP and CM cryogels. Osterix levels increased slightly in Ad-MSCs differentiated on Coll and PRP cryogels. With differentiation alkaline phosphatase activity decreased under all four conditions. In summary, besides Coll cryogel our PRP cryogel constitutes as an especially suitable carrier for bone tissue engineering. This is of special interest, as this scaffold can be generated with patients’ PRP.

Constructing a novel three-dimensional scaffold with mesoporous TiO2 nanotubes for potential bone tissue engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 5595-5602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yizao Wan ◽  
Peng Chang ◽  
Zhiwei Yang ◽  
Guangyao Xiong ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mesoporous Tio2 ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffold ◽  
Porous Network

A novel 3D porous network-structured tissue engineering scaffold built of mesoporous TiO2 nanotubes has been synthesized via the bacterial cellulose-templated sol–gel route followed by calcination.

scholarly journals 3D-Printing of Microfibrous Porous Scaffolds Based on Hybrid Approaches for Bone Tissue Engineering

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjith Kankala ◽  
Xiao-Ming Xu ◽  
Chen-Guang Liu ◽  
Ai-Zheng Chen ◽  
Shi-Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hybrid Strategy

In recent times, tremendous progress has been evidenced by the advancements in various methods of generating three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds. However, the applicability of most of the traditional approaches intended for generating these biomimetic scaffolds is limited due to poor resolution and strict requirements in choosing materials. In this work, we fabricated 3D porous scaffolds based on the composite inks of gelatin (Gel), nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) using an innovative hybrid strategy based on 3D printing and freeze-drying technologies for bone tissue engineering. Initially, the PLGA scaffolds were printed using the 3D printing method, and they were then coated with the Gel/n-HA complex, yielding the Gel/n-HA/PLGA scaffolds. These Gel/n-HA/PLGA scaffolds with exceptional biodegradation, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility have enabled osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) for their convenient adhesion as a layer and have efficiently promoted their growth, as well as differentiation. We further demonstrated the bone growth by measuring the particular biomarkers that act as key players in the ossification process (i.e., alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), and collagen type-I (COL-I)) and the total proteins of the MC3T3-E1 cells. We anticipate that the convenient generation of highly porous 3D scaffolds based on Gel/n-HA/PLGA fabricated through an innovative combinatorial approach of 3D printing technology and freeze-drying methods may undoubtedly find widespread applications in regenerative medicine.

Preparation of Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Polyamide6 Composite Porous Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 793-796
Author(s):  
Lin Cheng ◽  
Yu Bao Li ◽  
Yi Zuo ◽  
Gang Zhou ◽  
Hua Nan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Structural Support ◽  
Human Cancellous Bone

Scaffold in bone tissue engineering must have a three-dimensional (3-D) interconnected porous structure acting as a template for bone tissue regeneration, and material fabricating the scaffold must be biocompatible and can provide structural support during bone growth and remodeling at the same time. In this paper, a method of phase separation and particle leaching combined (PS/PL) was used to prepare porous scaffold of nano-hydroxyapatite and polyamide6 (n-HA/PA6) composite. The results show that the scaffold prepared by PS/PL has not only interconnected macropores of 100~300 μm, but also micropores on the walls of macropores, and PS/PL scaffold is more interconnective in compare with phase separation (PS) scaffold. When the porosity of the scaffold is about 79%, its compressive strongth is about 3.27 MPa, that is similar to the human cancellous bone(2~10MPa). Ethanol has some effect on hydrogen bonds, but fabricating method will not change the chemical component of the composite. The porous scaffold is prospect for bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals The Application of Polycaprolactone in Three-Dimensional Printing Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2754
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Yang ◽  
Yuting Wang ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Junyu Chen ◽  
Qianbing Wan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
3D Scaffolds ◽  
Surgical Guide

Bone tissue engineering commonly encompasses the use of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds to provide a suitable microenvironment for the propagation of cells to regenerate damaged tissues or organs. 3D printing technology has been extensively applied to allow direct 3D scaffolds manufacturing. Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been widely used in the fabrication of 3D scaffolds in the field of bone tissue engineering due to its advantages such as good biocompatibility, slow degradation rate, the less acidic breakdown products in comparison to other polyesters, and the potential for loadbearing applications. PCL can be blended with a variety of polymers and hydrogels to improve its properties or to introduce new PCL-based composites. This paper describes the PCL used in developing state of the art of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. In this review, we provide an overview of the 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of PCL-based composite scaffolds and recent studies on applications in different clinical situations. For instance, PCL-based composite scaffolds were used as an implant surgical guide in dental treatment. Furthermore, future trend and potential clinical translations will be discussed.

scholarly journals Heidelberg-mCT-Analyzer: a novel method for standardized microcomputed-tomography-guided evaluation of scaffold properties in bone and tissue research

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 150496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Westhauser ◽  
Christian Weis ◽  
Melanie Hoellig ◽  
Tyler Swing ◽  
Gerhard Schmidmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Characteristic Parameter ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Independent Analysis ◽  
Scaffold Properties

Bone tissue engineering and bone scaffold development represent two challenging fields in orthopaedic research. Micro-computed tomography (mCT) allows non-invasive measurement of these scaffolds’ properties in vivo . However, the lack of standardized mCT analysis protocols and, therefore, the protocols’ user-dependency make interpretation of the reported results difficult. To overcome these issues in scaffold research, we introduce the Heidelberg-mCT-Analyzer. For evaluation of our technique, we built 10 bone-inducing scaffolds, which underwent mCT acquisition before ectopic implantation (T0) in mice, and at explantation eight weeks thereafter (T1). The scaffolds’ three-dimensional reconstructions were automatically segmented using fuzzy clustering with fully automatic level-setting. The scaffold itself and its pores were then evaluated for T0 and T1. Analysing the scaffolds’ characteristic parameter set with our quantification method showed bone formation over time. We were able to demonstrate that our algorithm obtained the same results for basic scaffold parameters (e.g. scaffold volume, pore number and pore volume) as other established analysis methods. Furthermore, our algorithm was able to analyse more complex parameters, such as pore size range, tissue mineral density and scaffold surface. Our imaging and post-processing strategy enables standardized and user-independent analysis of scaffold properties, and therefore is able to improve the quantitative evaluations of scaffold-associated bone tissue-engineering projects.

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