scholarly journals From Bioinspired Glue to Medicine: Polydopamine as a Biomedical Material

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hauser ◽  
Dedy Septiadi ◽  
Joel Turner ◽  
Alke Petri-Fink ◽  
Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Surface Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Biomedical Material ◽  
Ideal Candidate ◽  
Light Excitation ◽  
Function Relationship

Biological structures have emerged through millennia of evolution, and nature has fine-tuned the material properties in order to optimise the structure–function relationship. Following this paradigm, polydopamine (PDA), which was found to be crucial for the adhesion of mussels to wet surfaces, was hence initially introduced as a coating substance to increase the chemical reactivity and surface adhesion properties. Structurally, polydopamine is very similar to melanin, which is a pigment of human skin responsible for the protection of underlying skin layers by efficiently absorbing light with potentially harmful wavelengths. Recent findings have shown the subsequent release of the energy (in the form of heat) upon light excitation, presenting it as an ideal candidate for photothermal applications. Thus, polydopamine can both be used to (i) coat nanoparticle surfaces and to (ii) form capsules and ultra-small (nano)particles/nanocomposites while retaining bulk characteristics (i.e., biocompatibility, stability under UV irradiation, heat conversion, and activity during photoacoustic imaging). Due to the aforementioned properties, polydopamine-based materials have since been tested in adhesive and in energy-related as well as in a range of medical applications such as for tumour ablation, imaging, and drug delivery. In this review, we focus upon how different forms of the material can be synthesised and the use of polydopamine in biological and biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Recent Advances and Applications of Bacterial Cellulose in Biomedicine

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Sam Swingler ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
Hazel Gibson ◽  
Marek Kowalczuk ◽  
Wayne Heaselgrave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Water ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Ideal Candidate ◽  
Chemical Purity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Extracellular Polymer

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an extracellular polymer produced by Komagateibacter xylinus, which has been shown to possess a multitude of properties, which makes it innately useful as a next-generation biopolymer. The structure of BC is comprised of glucose monomer units polymerised by cellulose synthase in β-1-4 glucan chains which form uniaxially orientated BC fibril bundles which measure 3–8 nm in diameter. BC is chemically identical to vegetal cellulose. However, when BC is compared with other natural or synthetic analogues, it shows a much higher performance in biomedical applications, potable treatment, nano-filters and functional applications. The main reason for this superiority is due to the high level of chemical purity, nano-fibrillar matrix and crystallinity. Upon using BC as a carrier or scaffold with other materials, unique and novel characteristics can be observed, which are all relatable to the features of BC. These properties, which include high tensile strength, high water holding capabilities and microfibrillar matrices, coupled with the overall physicochemical assets of bacterial cellulose makes it an ideal candidate for further scientific research into biopolymer development. This review thoroughly explores several areas in which BC is being investigated, ranging from biomedical applications to electronic applications, with a focus on the use as a next-generation wound dressing. The purpose of this review is to consolidate and discuss the most recent advancements in the applications of bacterial cellulose, primarily in biomedicine, but also in biotechnology.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Peptide Nanostructures for Biomedical Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4587
Author(s):  
Fanny d’Orlyé ◽  
Laura Trapiella-Alfonso ◽  
Camille Lescot ◽  
Marie Pinvidic ◽  
Bich-Thuy Doan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Imaging Probes ◽  
Therapeutic Molecules

There is a challenging need for the development of new alternative nanostructures that can allow the coupling and/or encapsulation of therapeutic/diagnostic molecules while reducing their toxicity and improving their circulation and in-vivo targeting. Among the new materials using natural building blocks, peptides have attracted significant interest because of their simple structure, relative chemical and physical stability, diversity of sequences and forms, their easy functionalization with (bio)molecules and the possibility of synthesizing them in large quantities. A number of them have the ability to self-assemble into nanotubes, -spheres, -vesicles or -rods under mild conditions, which opens up new applications in biology and nanomedicine due to their intrinsic biocompatibility and biodegradability as well as their surface chemical reactivity via amino- and carboxyl groups. In order to obtain nanostructures suitable for biomedical applications, the structure, size, shape and surface chemistry of these nanoplatforms must be optimized. These properties depend directly on the nature and sequence of the amino acids that constitute them. It is therefore essential to control the order in which the amino acids are introduced during the synthesis of short peptide chains and to evaluate their in-vitro and in-vivo physico-chemical properties before testing them for biomedical applications. This review therefore focuses on the synthesis, functionalization and characterization of peptide sequences that can self-assemble to form nanostructures. The synthesis in batch or with new continuous flow and microflow techniques will be described and compared in terms of amino acids sequence, purification processes, functionalization or encapsulation of targeting ligands, imaging probes as well as therapeutic molecules. Their chemical and biological characterization will be presented to evaluate their purity, toxicity, biocompatibility and biodistribution, and some therapeutic properties in vitro and in vivo. Finally, their main applications in the biomedical field will be presented so as to highlight their importance and advantages over classical nanostructures.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Photoacoustic Imaging for Deep-Tissue Biomedical Applications

Theranostics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (13) ◽  
pp. 2394-2413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Tianfu Wang ◽  
Xiaoyuan Chen ◽  
Peng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Recent Advances

scholarly journals Advances in clinical and biomedical applications of photoacoustic imaging

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy L Su ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Katheryne E Wilson ◽  
Carolyn L Bayer ◽  
Yun-Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging

scholarly journals Surface activation of High Impact Polystyrene substrate using dynamic atmospheric pressure plasma

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Gergely Juhász ◽  
Miklós Berczeli ◽  
Zoltán Weltsch
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Surface Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Plasma Surface Treatment

Over the last decade, the number of researches has increased in the field of bonding technologies. Researchers attempt to improve surface adhesion properties by surface treatments. Adhesive bonding is one of these bonding techniques, where it is important to see what surfaces will be bonded. One such surface property is wetting, which can be improved by several types of surface treatment. In recent years, atmospheric pressure plasmas have appeared, with which research is ongoing on surface treatments. In our research, we will deal with the effects of plasma surface treatment at atmospheric pressure and its measurement. In addition, we summarize the theoretical background of adhesion, surface tension and surface treatment with atmospheric pressure plasma. Our goal is to improve adhesion properties and thus the adhesion quality.

scholarly journals Towards Personalized Medicine: Photoacoustic Imaging of Glutathione Enables Companion Diagnosis and Targeted Treatment of Lung Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Lucero ◽  
Jefferson Chan
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Companion Diagnostics ◽  
Inhibit Tumor Growth ◽  
Physical Organic ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Time Changes

<p>Companion diagnostics (CDx) represent a new frontier in personalized medicine that promises to improve treatment outcomes by matching therapies to patients. Currently, these tests are limited in scope and cannot report on real-time changes associated with disease progression and remediation. To address this, we have developed the first photoacoustic imaging-based CDx (PACDx) for the selective detection of elevated glutathione (GSH) in lung cancer. Since GSH is abundant in most cells, we utilized a physical organic approach to precisely tune the chemical reactivity to distinguish between normal and pathological states. In blinded studies, PACDx was applied to identify mice bearing lung tumors. Moreover, we designed a matching prodrug, PARx, that utilizes the same mechanism to release a chemotherapeutic with a PA readout. We demonstrate that PARx can inhibit tumor growth without off-target toxicity in a lung cancer xenograft model. We envision that this work will establish a new standard for personalized medicine by employing a unique imaging-based approach.<br></p>

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials in air at atmospheric pressure for their improved wettability: a literature review

Holzforschung ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 979-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jure Žigon ◽  
Marko Petrič ◽  
Sebastian Dahle
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Dielectric Barrier Discharges ◽  
Surface Adhesion ◽  
Dbd Plasma ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Dielectric Barrier ◽  
Plasma Pretreatment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Barrier Discharges

AbstractThe treatment of wood surfaces with gas discharges is one of the methods to achieve better surface adhesion properties. Good penetration, spreading and wettability of the applied liquid adhesives and coatings is a crucial factor for their adequate mechanical properties. Plasmas are the result of electrical discharge and can be created in different ways. The plasma treatment (PT) is frequently executed prior to material bonding or coating via the so-called dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) at atmospheric pressure. This literature review summarizes the essential aspects of DBD PTs aiming at a better wettability and surface adhesion. After introduction of the principle of DBD, the individual effects of internal and external parameters of the process will be discussed, which influence the final properties of treated materials.

Control of Chemical Reaction Pathways by Light–Matter Coupling

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinumol Devasia ◽  
Ankita Das ◽  
Varun Mohan ◽  
Prashant K. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Metal Nanostructures ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Radical Intermediates ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Light Excitation

Because plasmonic metal nanostructures combine strong light absorption with catalytically active surfaces, they have become platforms for the light-assisted catalysis of chemical reactions. The enhancement of reaction rates by plasmonic excitation has been extensively discussed. This review focuses on a less discussed aspect: the induction of new reaction pathways by light excitation. Through commentary on seminal reports, we describe the principles behind the optical modulation of chemical reactivity and selectivity on plasmonic metal nanostructures. Central to these phenomena are excited charge carriers generated by plasmonic excitation, which modify the energy landscape available to surface reactive species and unlock pathways not conventionally available in thermal catalysis. Photogenerated carriers can trigger bond dissociation or desorption in an adsorbate-selective manner, drive charge transfer and multielectron redox reactions, and generate radical intermediates. Through one or more of these mechanisms, a specific pathway becomes favored under light. By improved control over these mechanisms, light-assisted catalysis can be transformational for chemical synthesis and energy conversion. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 72 is April 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Biological Application of Polylactic Acid

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5023
Author(s):  
Ge Li ◽  
Menghui Zhao ◽  
Fei Xu ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Xiangyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biomedical Materials ◽  
Biomedical Material ◽  
Sugar Fermentation ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Good Biocompatibility

Over the past few decades, with the development of science and technology, the field of biomedicine has rapidly developed, especially with respect to biomedical materials. Low toxicity and good biocompatibility have always been key targets in the development and application of biomedical materials. As a degradable and environmentally friendly polymer, polylactic acid, also known as polylactide, is favored by researchers and has been used as a commercial material in various studies. Lactic acid, as a synthetic raw material of polylactic acid, can only be obtained by sugar fermentation. Good biocompatibility and biodegradability have led it to be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a biomedical material. Polylactic acid has good physical properties, and its modification can optimize its properties to a certain extent. Polylactic acid blocks and blends play significant roles in drug delivery, implants, and tissue engineering to great effect. This article describes the synthesis of polylactic acid (PLA) and its raw materials, physical properties, degradation, modification, and applications in the field of biomedicine. It aims to contribute to the important knowledge and development of PLA in biomedical applications.

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