scholarly journals Application of Dual Focused Ultrasonic Phased Array Transducer in Two Orthogonal Cross-Sections for Inspection of Multi-Layered Composite Components of the Aircraft Fuselage

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaldas Raišutis ◽  
Olgirdas Tumšys
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Internal Defect ◽  
Flat Bottom ◽  
Aircraft Fuselage ◽  
Array Transducer ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array

Our previous studies have shown that the application of the proposed technique of a dual focused ultrasonic beam in two orthogonal cross-sections in passive (elevation) and active (azimuth) apertures of linear ultrasonic phased array transducer (ULPAT) enhances the 3D spatial resolution in the case of the inspection of conventional defects (flat bottom holes) or measurement of thickness of multi-layered metal composites. The objective of this work is to apply the proposed technique to enhance the spatial resolution of the ULPAT in the cases of detection and sizing demonstration of internal defects possessing spatially complex geometry, and during the inspection of defective multi-layered thin composite components (e.g., GLARE) of the aircraft fuselage. The specially prepared aluminium specimen possessing an internal defect of complicated geometry (crescent-shaped) was investigated. The simulation results and experiments demonstrate the resolution enhancement, higher amplitude of the reflections (e.g., 2.5 times or +8 dB) and spatial improvement in the defect detection even in the case of the non-perpendicular incidence of ultrasonic waves to the complex geometry surface of the internal defect. During the experiments, the multi-layered GFRP-metal based composite sample GLARE 3-3/2 was investigated in the case of the single-side access to the surface of the sample. The internal artificial delamination type defect of 25 mm was detected with a higher accuracy. Compared to the limitations of conventional ULPAT, the relative error (32%) (at the −6 dB level) of lateral defect dimensions estimation was completely reduced.

A Model to Predict Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing Signals from a Flat-Bottomed Hole in Two Medium

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 501-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Jin Song ◽  
Joon Soo Park ◽  
Hak Joon Kim ◽  
Un Hak Seong ◽  
Suk Chull Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phased Array ◽  
Steel Specimen ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Flat Bottom ◽  
Ultrasonic Signals ◽  
Array Transducer ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Pulse Echo

In this study, the expanded multi-Gaussian beam model is adopted to develop a model to calculate the ultrasonic beam fields radiated from an ultrasonic phased array transducer. Combining this beam model with three other components including time delays, a far-field scattering model and a system efficiency factor, we develop a complete ultrasonic measurement model for predicting the phased array ultrasonic signals that can be captured from a flat-bottom hole in a steel specimen in a pulse-echo set-up using an array transducer mounted in a solid wedge. This paper describes the complete model developed with its key ingredients.

Calibrating and Cross-Sectional Equalizing of the Sensitivity of Ultrasonic Phased Array Inspection of Welds

NDT World ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Нурматов ◽  
Islam Nurmatov ◽  
Лапидус ◽  
Aleks Lapidus ◽  
Пасси ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Flaw Detector ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Flat Bottom ◽  
Entire Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
Amplitude Correction ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array

Introduction. The approach and practical implementation for the sensitivity calibration and its equalizing within entire insonified cross-section of the material have been presented in the article for 3 most common reference artificial reflectors, namely the flat bottom hole (FBH) situated at parallel to the weld bevel plane, the EDM notch (N), and the side drilled hole (SDH). The method. The issue of inhomogeneous sensitivity over cross-section covered through phased array (PA) sectorial scan plan is due to several factors, which are highlighted and explained. 5 of them are independent on the reference reflector’s shape. In addition the FBH and N reference reflectors are characterized by the strong dependency of the echo amplitude on the angle, under which the ultrasonic wave hits their surface (factor 6, which differs the FBH and N from the omnidirectional SDH). The approach for equalizing the sensitivity over sectorial-scan-insonified cross-section of the material for all types of reference reflectors has been proposed and explained. It is based on the ability of ultrasonic PA flaw detector to implement each pulsing-receiving cycle among the plurality of the scan-plan-forming set of focal laws with individually and independently settled gain and other key settings including Distance Amplitude Correction / Time Corrected Gain (DAC / TCG). The Sonotron NDT’s ISONIC Series PA instruments (ISONIC 3510, ISONIC 2010, and ISONIC 2009 UPA Scope) are featured with the said ability uniquely: in the said units the DAC / TCG mechanism is used purely for compensating the dependency of echo amplitude on the material travel distance while the feature of varying Gain per Focal Law is utilized just for the forming of easy-reproducible Angle Gain Compensation (AGC) plan. Both the DAC / TCG and AGC plans are created independently on each other with use of the same reference reflectors. The results. Combining of the independent DAC / TCG and AGC mechanisms for the first time ever provides the equalizing of the sensitivity for all types of reference reflectors independently on their X, Y position over the entire cross-section of the material — this is confirmed by a number of experimental results presented. Conclusion. At last the single group sectorial scan only becomes sufficient for the complete coverage of the whole cross-section of the weld. This allows reducing the dimensions of required PA probes and wedges in use and the width of the area for the scanning along the fusion line. And finally this increases the maximal possible speed of scanning along with reducing of the inspection cost.

On-Line Phased-Array Ultrasonic System: OPUS to Control Pressure Sheath of Flexible Pipe During Manufacturing

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickaël Mélot ◽  
Julien Berthon
Keyword(s):  
Phased Array ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Flexible Pipe ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flexible Pipes ◽  
Internal Fluid ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array ◽  
On Line

Flexible pipes are made up of several different layers specifically designed to meet the requirements of our clients and API17J / ISO13628-2. In the pursuit of ever more efficient and reliable solutions, even in the world’s harshest and deepest offshore environments, TECHNIP’s R&D activity is focused on extending its product range by introducing new products and materials. As part of this innovation program, new polymers are constantly being investigated to assess their potential as a pressure sheath. The pressure sheath is the most critical thermoplastic sheath within the structure. Its role is to contain internal fluid and transfer internal pressure to the pressure vault layer outside it. To fulfill that mission, this polymer must be leakproof and perform over wide temperature and pressure range. In operation condition, the presence of small flaws within the pressure sheath could propagate leading to failure and significant environmental and operational damages. Therefore, the manufacturing of such a polymer layer must conform with ever-higher levels of reliability and quality. This is the reason why a visual inspection of pressure sheath according to API17J / ISO13628-2 standards is mandatory. As a leitmotiv, TECHNIP dedicates a lot of effort, not only to extend the limits of the possible by introducing new materials, but also to take inspection further beyond standard requirements by developing dedicated on-line NDT control systems able to ensure layer high quality. Many people are familiar with the medical applications of ultrasonic imaging in which ultrasonic waves are used to create highly detailed cross-sectional pictures of internal organ. Medical echography is commonly performed with specialized multielement probe known as phased-array and their accompanying hardware and software. The applications of ultrasonic phased-array technology are not limited to medical diagnosis and in recent years, increasing use of these systems can be observed in industrial environment. Nevertheless, although phased-array systems on the market can provide new levels of information and visualization, they are manually and locally operated and are inappropriate to control polymer sheath over several kilometers during manufacturing. This paper presents a specific and automated ultrasonic system dedicated to manufacturing control of thermoplastics such as the pressure sheath. Developed by TECHNIP, and based on cutting edge ultrasonic technology used in aerospace and medicine, OPUS is a world-class NDT system able to prove that our pressure sheaths meet design criteria and achieve the highest quality level.

scholarly journals Laser-scanning photoacoustic microscopy with ultrasonic phased array transducer

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 2694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zheng ◽  
Xiangyang Zhang ◽  
Chi Tat Chiu ◽  
Bill L. Zhou ◽  
K. Kirk Shung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Photoacoustic Microscopy ◽  
Array Transducer ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array

Optimization of Element Parameters for a New OPFC Ultrasonic Phased Array Transducer

2014 ◽  
Vol 609-610 ◽  
pp. 1293-1298
Author(s):  
Zi Ping Wang ◽  
Ying Luo
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Array Element ◽  
Structural Damage Detection ◽  
Array Transducer ◽  
Verification Methods ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array

An orthotropic piezoelectric fiber composite (OPFC) element and related OPFC ultrasonic phased array transducer which applied in damage detection of metal structures are investigated by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental verification methods. Based on electromechanical coupling, the influence of the material characteristics and geometry parameters on actuation performance is studied for the thickness expansion type OPFC elements. In view of lack in the mechanic-electronic parameter design of the existing single PZT element for modern ultrasonic phased array transducer, the related OPFC ultrasonic phased array transducer which used in metal structural damage detection is designed, which have the merits such as low voltage and limit the effects on grating lobe. The focusing acoustic field distribution is analyzed by finite element method together with directivity analysis in metals. The optimal array parameters such as phased array element interval, array element width and number of element are obtained by studying the total displacement changes as various parameters changes at focus point. The preparation of OPFC actuator used in metal structural damage detection is studied. The performance of interdigital OPFC element is also obtained by testing and comparing with the traditional PZT element. The experimental results displayed good agreement with the theoretical predictions.

Исследование применимости при контроле дефектов высокочастотных мод направленных волн с помощью фазированных решеток

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
М.Дж. Ранджбар ◽  
Сина Содагар
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Wave ◽  
Array Transducer ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array

An ultrasonic phased array scanning method was used for lamb wave evaluation of surface and in-depth defects in a steel plate. The ultrasonic guided wave modes resulting from a phased array transducer were modeled using finite element method. The experimental results showed that the high-frequency A0 mode gives acceptable sensitivity and resolution for small diameter through-thickness and surface defects. The sectorial scanning showed better axial resolution rather than spatial resolution.

Lead-free Ultrasonic Phased Array Transducer for Human Heart Imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Ma ◽  
Yingchun Liu ◽  
Jiaji Ruan ◽  
Chenyang Tao ◽  
Jianren Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Heart ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Heart Imaging ◽  
Array Transducer ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array
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