scholarly journals Reactive Compatibilization of Polyamide 6/Olefin Block Copolymer Blends: Phase Morphology, Rheological Behavior, Thermal Behavior, and Mechanical Properties

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xintu Lin ◽  
Yuejun Liu ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Yincai Wu ◽  
Lingna Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Rheological Behavior ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Experimental Conditions

In this study, the morphology, rheological behavior, thermal behavior, and mechanical properties of a polyamide 6 (PA6) and olefin block copolymer (OBC) blend compatibilized with maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene-octene copolymer (POE-g-MAH) were investigated. The morphological observations showed that the addition of POE-g-MAH enhanced the OBC particle dispersion in the PA6 matrix, suggesting a better interfacial compatibility between the pure PA6 and OBC. The results of the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis and the Molau test confirmed the compatibilization reactions between POE-g-MAH and PA6. The rheological test revealed that the melt viscosity, storage modulus (G’), and loss modulus (G”) of the compatibilized PA6/OBC blends at low frequency were increased with the increasing POE-g-MAH content. The thermal analysis indicated that the addition of OBC had little effect on the crystallization behavior of PA6, while the incorporation of POE-g-MAH at high content (7 wt%) in the PA6/OBC blend restricted the crystallization of PA6. In addition, the compatibilized blends exhibited a significant enhancement in impact strength compared to the uncompatibilized PA6/OBC blend, in which the highest value of impact strength obtained at a POE-g-MAH content of 7 wt% was about 194% higher than that of pure PA6 under our experimental conditions.

The Influence of Fiber Surface Treatment and SBR as Impact Modifier on Rheological Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Wood Plastic Composite from Acrylate-Styrene-Acrylonitrile and Bagasse

2017 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornsri Sapsrithong ◽  
Kesinee Puksattee ◽  
Kingkaew Saewjaidee ◽  
Navapon Pensuk ◽  
Apaipan Rattanapan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Rheological Behavior ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Styrene Acrylonitrile ◽  
Impact Modifier ◽  
Fiber Surface Treatment

Morphology, mechanical properties and rheological behavior of wood plastic composite, derived from acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA) and bagasse which was treated with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and using styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) as impact modifier, were reported. The effect of fiber surface treatment with KMnO4 and different amount of SBR on properties of wood plastic composite, prepared from ASA and 50 phr of bagasse, were investigated. Wood plastic composites (both treated and untreated) with varying amount of SBR, as impact modifier from 0-15 wt% of ASA, were prepared by melt-blending technique. The specimens were shaped with a compression molding machine and characterized, including morphology, impact strength, flexural properties and rheological behavior. It was demonstrated that the fiber surface treatment, using KMnO4, could effectively impove interfacial adhesion between bagasse and ASA matrix. These led to an improvement of morphology and mechanical properties such as impact strength, flexural strength and modulus. SEM micrographs revealed that the interfacial modification enhanced the interfacial adhesion between bagasse (fiber) and ASA (matrix) causing an increasing of shear stress and shear viscosity. Additionally, the effect of amount of SBR, as impact modifier, was also reported. The resulted showed that the impact strength was improved with increasing the amount of SBR (up 5 wt% of ASA) whereas, flexural strength and modulus were found to decrease with increasing SBR content.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sizes of the Cast Polyamide 6 Rods upon Tensile-Impact Strength

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Miklós Odrobina ◽  
Gábor Kalácska ◽  
Róbert Keresztes
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Tensile Impact ◽  
Cast Polyamide ◽  
Different Diameters

We have studied the tensile-impact strength of the magnesium catalysed cast polyamide 6 (PA6) rods according to the EN ISO 8256:2004 standard. The purpose of our investigation was to follow: the mechanical properties of rods are mapped beside same casting technological process in case of different diameters. We have compared the received results with each other than have sought disparities. We examined cylindrical product (rod) in seven dimensional steps in diameter ranging from 40 mm to 300 mm. We have determined that the semi-finished products can be divided into two groups typically in case of their tensile-impact strengths in this size range. The tensile-impact strength is higher in case of the rods with a diameter of less than 100 mm and it is smaller in the larger dimension range. Therefore, the smallest tensile-impact strength can be established in case of the natural semifinished PA6 rods that each rod accomplishes independently of size. However, a range can be determined, which the tensile-impact strength values of product are separated according to the manufacturing size

Effects of BDM, [Ca2+]o, and temperature on the dynamic stiffness of quiescent cardiac trabeculae from rat

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (4) ◽  
pp. H1662-H1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Kirton ◽  
A. J. Taberner ◽  
P. M. F. Nielsen ◽  
A. A. Young ◽  
D. S. Loiselle
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cross Bridge ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Studies of the passive mechanical properties of cardiac tissue have traditionally been conducted at subphysiological temperatures and various concentrations of extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]o). More recently, the negative inotropic agent 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) has been used. However, there remains a lack of data regarding the influence of temperature, Ca2+, and BDM on the passive mechanical properties of cardiac tissue. We have used the dynamic stiffness technique, a sensitive measurement of cross-bridge activity, in which minute (∼0.2% of muscle length) sinusoidal perturbations are applied at various frequencies (0.2–100 Hz) to quiescent, viable right ventricular rat trabeculae at two temperatures (20°C and 26°C) and at two [Ca2+]o (0.5 and 1.25 mM) in the presence and absence of BDM (20 mM). The stiffness spectra (amplitude and phase) were sensitive to temperature and [Ca2+]o in the absence of BDM but insensitive in the presence of BDM. From the index of cross-bridge cycling (the ratio of high- to low-frequency stiffness amplitude), we infer that BDM inhibits a small degree of spontaneous sarcomere activity, thereby allowing the true passive properties of trabeculae to be determined. In the absence of BDM, the extent of spontaneous sarcomere activity decreases with increasing temperature. We caution that the measured mechanical properties of passive cardiac tissue are critically dependent on the experimental conditions under which they are measured. Experiments must be performed at sufficiently high temperatures (>25°C) to ensure a low resting concentration of intracellular Ca2+ or in the presence of an inhibitor of cross-bridge cycling.

Mechanical Properties of Polyamide 6 (Pa6) / Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (Eva) / Sepiolite Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 554 ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noora Tiqah Mohamad Fauzi ◽  
Zurina Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Moulding Machine ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of sepiolite concentration (2-10 phr) on the mechanical properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) / ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) blend at the ratio 80/20. Twin screw extruder and injection moulding machine were used to prepare the samples. The strength and modulus of flexural was increased until 6 phr of sepiolite content. On the other hand, the impact strength of PA6/EVA/sepiolite composite was decreased gradually as sepiolite content increased.

The Effect of Modifying Polybutylene Terephthalate on its Processability and Mechanical Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
G.N. Petrova ◽  
E.Ya. Beider
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Structural Material ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
High Level ◽  
Modifying Additive

The effect of a modifying additive – a polybutylenetetramethylene oxide (PBT-PTMO) block copolymer of grade V-1000 – on the processability and mechanical properties of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) was investigated. It was shown that the mixing of the thermoplastic elastomer – the block copolymer of grade V-1000 – with the rigid, hard, but relatively brittle structural material PBT makes it possible to produce materials with a high level of properties. The modification of PBT with the block copolymer leads to an increase in its impact strength without any perceptible loss in tensile strength. Furthermore, the addition of a small amount of block copolymer to PBT improves its processability. The developed PBT composite with the optimum content of modifying additive and fireproofing agent is recommended for the manufacture of moulded articles of decorative-structural designation, and also for the partial replacement of polyamides PA-12L and PA-610L.

Preparation and characterization of silicone rubber/graphene nanosheets nanocomposites by in-situ loading of the coupling agent

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (24) ◽  
pp. 3459-3468
Author(s):  
Elnaz Esmizadeh ◽  
Mostafa Arjmandpour ◽  
A Vahidifar ◽  
Ghasem Naderi ◽  
Charles Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cure Kinetics ◽  
Relaxation Processes ◽  
Tensile Data

Inexpensive approach to fully disperse graphene nanosheet (GNS) in silicone rubber (SR) by the addition of (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) as the coupling agent is presented in this study. The effects of GNS loading and presence of APTES on the cure characteristics, dynamic-mechanical, rheological and mechanical properties of the resulting SR compounds were systematically studied by rheometry, DMTA and tensile testing, respectively. The obtained results were correlated with the microstructure of the samples investigated by SEM and TEM analyses. Vulcanization curves revealed that the GNS and the coupling agent had an accelerating effect on the cure kinetics of the SR compounds leading to a steady decrease in scorch time and optimum cure time along with a gradual increase in the effective torque value. Morphological results showed that the GNSs could disperse more homogeneously within SR matrix using a simple solution mixing approach by in-situ loading of APTES. DMTA results showed restricted relaxation processes in GNS-reinforced SR systems in comparison with the pure SR, with more pronounced effect for the system containing APTES owing to improved interactions between graphene and SR which prevented the molecular mobility of neighboring chains of SR matrix. The tensile data demonstrated about 20% rise of modulus in the GNS-filled rubber nanocomposites in the presence of APTES. Low-frequency rheological properties including the storage modulus (G′), the loss modulus (G″), and complex shear viscosity (η*) showed a significant increase of about 10-fold, 75% and 20%, respectively, with the incorporation of APTES and GNS. Thus it could be expected that APTES had a substantial potential to be applied in-situ as the coupling agent to fabricate SR/GNS nanocomposites with exfoliated GNS morphology and increased the rheological and mechanical properties.

scholarly journals MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE VIET NAM SISAL FIBRE REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITE

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Nieu Huu Nguyen ◽  
Binh Thanh Phan ◽  
Sau Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Sisal Fibre ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Sisal Fibers ◽  
The Impact

The static mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of the treated sisal fiber reinforced polypropylene composites were improved by adding the compatiblizer PPgMA (polypropylene-grafted-maleic anghydride). The mechanical properties of the composites have been evaluated. By increasing PPgMA dosages from 2% and 3.5% by weight of PP matrix; the impact strength of the composites were significantly improved by 27% and 38%; the elongation increased by 21% and 36%; the tensile strength increased by 35% and 95%; the elastic modulus increased by 21% and 94% and the flexural modulus increased by 2% and 83% respectively. The dynamic mechanical properties (the storage modulus E’, the loss modulus E” and the loss factor tanδ) have been investigated in relation to the compatibility between the PP matrix and the treated sisal fibers. E’ and E” increased by increasing dosage of PPgMA and Tg decreased a little when increasing the contents of PPgMA. At higher temperatures, tanδ increased and at lower temperature tanδ decreased when increasing dosage of PPgMA. It is shown that PP/treated sisal fibers/PPgMA composites have shown the effects of cohesion when increasing the PPgMA. The fiber dispersion was studied by the transmission optical microscope (TOM). The morphology of the composites samples fractured by the impact strength tests have been studied using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The results show the improvement of the interaction forces between treated sisal fibers and PP matrix at higher levels of PPgMA.

Study on Mechanical Properties of Gun-Propellants with RDX.doc

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 154-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Shan Cheng ◽  
Yan Hong Wang ◽  
Zhong Liang Ma ◽  
Zhong Liang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Drop Hammer ◽  
Cyclotrimethylene Trinitramine ◽  
Gun Propellants

The cyclotrimethylene trinitramine(RDX) added into gun-propellants can improve the energy of the gun-propellants, but influence their mechanical properties. Under the suitable experimental conditions by using the compression test and drop hammer test, the influence to mechanical properties of gun-propellants by RDX content is obtained. The results indicate that with the increase of RDX, the compressive strength of gun-propellants increases, but impact strength decreases. While, the compressive strength of gun-propellants decreases, but impact strength increase when the temperature rises.

Rubber Toughened Polyamide 6/High Density Polyethylene/HDPE-g-MAH Nanocomposites with Ethylene Vinyl Acetate

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 745-749
Author(s):  
Farizah Hamid ◽  
Suffiyana Akhbar ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Impact Tester ◽  
The Impact

This paper study the effective toughening of polymer nanocomposites in order to have a balance stiffness, strength and toughness by incorporation of EVA as impact modifier and organoclay as a filler. In this research, rubber toughened PA6/HDPE blends nanocomposites were blended with 1 to 5 phr of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) with incorporation of 5wt% organoclay (MMT) in the presence of HDPE-g-MAH as compatibilizer. The mechanical properties of the samples such as tensile test and tensile modulus were measured by universal tensile machine whiles impact strength and hardness was measured using Izod Impact Tester and Rockwell hardness tester. The composites were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer and Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA). The results exhibited enhancement of mechanical properties with incorporation of 1 phr EVA but slightly decreased for further addition of EVA content. FTIR analysis showed that both samples with and without EVA presented almost the same trend. TGA stability exhibit samples containing EVA showed lower stability than sample with EVA. Conversely, addition of EVA greatly increases the impact strength as well as improved the toughness of the composites.

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