scholarly journals Configuration Optimisation of Laser Tracker Location on Verification Process

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Aguado ◽  
Pablo Pérez ◽  
José Antonio Albajez ◽  
Jorge Santolaria ◽  
Jesús Velázquez
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Laser Tracker ◽  
Uncertainty Sources ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Nonlinear Optimisation ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Distribution Of Points ◽  
Systematic Behavior ◽  
Verification Process

Machine tools are verified and compensated periodically to improve accuracy. The main aim of machine tool verification is to reduce the influence of quasi-static errors, especially geometric errors. As these errors show systematic behavior, their influence can be compensated. However, verification itself is influenced by random uncertainty sources that are usually not considered but affect the results. Within these uncertainty sources, laser tracker measurement noise is a random error that should not be ignored and can be reduced through adequate location of the equipment. This paper presents an algorithm able to analyse the influence of laser tracker location based on nonlinear optimisation, taking into consideration its specifications and machine tool characteristics. The developed algorithm uses the Monte Carlo method to provide a zone around the machine tool where the measurement system should be located in order to improve verification results. To achieve this aim, different parameters were defined, such as the number of tests carried out, and the number and distribution of points, and their influence on the error due to the laser tracker location analysed.

scholarly journals Study on Machine Tool Positioning Uncertainty Due to Volumetric Verification

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aguado ◽  
Pérez ◽  
Albajez ◽  
Santolaria ◽  
Velázquez
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Laser Tracker ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Tool Positioning ◽  
Uncertainty Sources ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method

Volumetric verification is based on the machine tool (MT) kinematic model, along with its geometric errors. Although users often ignore the uncertainty of verification, the use of the MT as a traceable measurement system in the manufacturing process has increased the need for professionals to be aware of it. This paper presents an improvement in the MT kinematic model, introducing in it the influence of verification uncertainty sources. These sources have been classified into four groups: the MT, the measurement system itself, the measurement strategy, and the optimization strategy. As the developed model exhibits non-linear behavior, the Monte Carlo method was used to determine the influence of the measurement system on verification uncertainty using synthetic tests. In this manner, an improved estimation of the MT uncertainty can be obtained. Therefore, if the MT is used as a traceable measurement system, its accuracy should not be higher than the laser tracker (LT) verification influence. It hence shows the importance of LT influence.

A Complete, Continuous, and Minimal Product of Exponentials-Based Model for Five-Axis Machine Tools Calibration With a Single Laser Tracker, an R-Test, or a Double Ball-Bar

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xu ◽  
Benny C. F. Cheung ◽  
Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Rigid Bodies ◽  
Error Model ◽  
Laser Tracker ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Transformation Matrices ◽  
Double Ball Bar ◽  
Ball Bar ◽  
Five Axis

Calibration is an important way to improve and guarantee the accuracy of machine tools. This paper presents a systematic approach for position independent geometric errors (PIGEs) calibration of five-axis machine tools based on the product of exponentials (POE) formula. Instead of using 4 × 4 homogeneous transformation matrices (HTMs), it establishes the error model by transforming the 6 × 1 error vectors of rigid bodies between different frames resorting to 6 × 6 adjoint transformation matrices. A stable and efficient error model for the iterative identification of PIGEs should satisfy the requirements of completeness, continuity, and minimality. Since the POE-based error models for five-axis machine tools calibration are naturally complete and continuous, the key issue is to ensure the minimality by eliminating the redundant parameters. Three kinds of redundant parameters, which are caused by joint symmetry information, tool-workpiece metrology, and incomplete measuring data, are illustrated and explained in a geometrically intuitive way. Hence, a straightforward process is presented to select the complete and minimal set of PIGEs for five-axis machine tools. Based on the established unified and compact error Jacobian matrices, observability analyses which quantitatively describe the identification efficiency are conducted and compared for different kinds of tool tip deviations obtained from several commonly used measuring devices, including the laser tracker, R-test, and double ball-bar. Simulations are conducted on a five-axis machine tool to illustrate the application of the calibration model. The effectiveness of the model is also verified by experiments on a five-axis machine tool by using a double ball-bar.

Laser Tracker Based Volumetric Verification of Machine Tools

2012 ◽  
Vol 498 ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Aguado ◽  
David Samper ◽  
J. Santolaria ◽  
Juan-José Aguilar-Martín
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Laser Tracker ◽  
Transformation Matrices ◽  
Linear Optimisation ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Optimisation Techniques

Different techniques of volumetric verification for long range machines are presented in this paper. Its working principle is based on captured points that can be distributed or not, through laser tracker (LT) or a measurement instrument that is generally of large scale. The developed model allows us to characterize the different errors in the machine tool to study, depending on its kinematics and geometry. Obtaining the transformation matrices that define the kinematics of the machine tool (MT) including the measurement system in the kinematic model, it is possible to relate the coordinates of the tool with the coordinates of LT. The best combination of parameters, techniques and models were obtained through the realization of a large number of synthetic tests based on non linear optimisation techniques

Age of Compensation – Challenge and Chance for Machine Tool Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Wegener ◽  
◽  
Sascha Weikert ◽  
Josef Mayr ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Thermal Compensation ◽  
Machine Tool Industry ◽  
Systematic Behavior

This paper firstly gives an introduction to the development of machining accuracy, and the contemporarily feasible compensations in the field of machine tools. The metrological means used for primarily static and kinematic compensations are discussed. Furthermore the focus is laid on the kinematic, dynamic and thermal compensation approaches, using various examples for these fields. The different phenomena to be compensated and the associated models are discussed in detail. As conclusions to be drawn, the repeatability of the systems, the ability of the models used in the CNC to represent the systematic behavior and the capabilities of the CNC can be seen as significant prerequisite for a successful application of compensation means.

scholarly journals Design of a Multi-Point Kinematic Coupling for a High Precision Telescopic Simultaneous Measurement System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6365
Author(s):  
Raquel Acero ◽  
Juan José Aguilar ◽  
Francisco Javier Brosed ◽  
Jorge Santolaria ◽  
Sergio Aguado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Process Simulation ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Point Contact ◽  
Simultaneous Operation ◽  
Rotary Axes ◽  
Kinematic Coupling ◽  
Verification Process

This paper covers the design of a new multi-point kinematic coupling specially developed for a high precision multi-telescopic arm measurement system for the volumetric verification of machine tools with linear and/or rotary axes. The multipoint kinematic coupling allows the simultaneous operation of the three telescopic arms that are registered at the same time to a sphere fixed on the machine tool spindle nose. Every coupling provides an accurate multi-point contact to the sphere, avoiding collisions and interferences with the other two multi-point kinematic couplings, and generating repulsion forces among them to ensure the coupling’s fingers interlacing along the machine tool x/y/z travels in the verification process. Simulation presents minimal deformation of the kinematic coupling under load, assuring the precision of the sphere-to-sphere distance measurement. Experimental results are provided to show that the multi-point kinematic coupling developed has repeatability values below ±1.2 µm in the application.

scholarly journals Recurrent neural networks with long term temporal dependencies in machine tool wear diagnosis and prognosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianlei Zhang ◽  
Yukun Zeng ◽  
Binil Starly
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Machine Tool ◽  
Recurrent Neural Network ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Prediction Performance ◽  
Sequential Data ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Proposed Model

AbstractData-driven approaches for machine tool wear diagnosis and prognosis are gaining attention in the past few years. The goal of our study is to advance the adaptability, flexibility, prediction performance, and prediction horizon for online monitoring and prediction. This paper proposes the use of a recent deep learning method, based on Gated Recurrent Neural Network architecture, including Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), which try to captures long-term dependencies than regular Recurrent Neural Network method for modeling sequential data, and also the mechanism to realize the online diagnosis and prognosis and remaining useful life (RUL) prediction with indirect measurement collected during the manufacturing process. Existing models are usually tool-specific and can hardly be generalized to other scenarios such as for different tools or operating environments. Different from current methods, the proposed model requires no prior knowledge about the system and thus can be generalized to different scenarios and machine tools. With inherent memory units, the proposed model can also capture long-term dependencies while learning from sequential data such as those collected by condition monitoring sensors, which means it can be accommodated to machine tools with varying life and increase the prediction performance. To prove the validity of the proposed approach, we conducted multiple experiments on a milling machine cutting tool and applied the model for online diagnosis and RUL prediction. Without loss of generality, we incorporate a system transition function and system observation function into the neural net and trained it with signal data from a minimally intrusive vibration sensor. The experiment results showed that our LSTM-based model achieved the best overall accuracy among other methods, with a minimal Mean Square Error (MSE) for tool wear prediction and RUL prediction respectively.

Application of Ubiquitous Sensor Network in Collection and Analysis of CNC Machine Tool Processing Status Information

2010 ◽  
Vol 455 ◽  
pp. 621-624
Author(s):  
X. Li ◽  
Y.Y. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Thermal Error ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Status Information ◽  
The Development Trend

Because of the practical requirement of real-time collection and analysis of CNC machine tool processing status information, we discuss the necessity and feasibility of applying ubiquitous sensor network(USN) in CNC machine tools by analyzing the characteristics of ubiquitous sensor network and the development trend of CNC machine tools, and application of machine tool thermal error compensation based on USN is presented.

Efficiency Improvement of Metal Lathing by Using of an Evaluation Technique of Assembly Machine Tools Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 421-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Vasilega ◽  
M.S. Ostapenko
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Evaluation Technique ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Index Of Quality

They defined conditions of use, calculated a composite index of quality for different tools, chose a machine tool according to its quality evaluation, calculated efficiency of processing by tools with different parameters for a certain production operation.

A conceptual framework for product service system design for machine tools

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1227-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj U. Zine ◽  
Makarand S Kulkarni ◽  
Arun K. Ray ◽  
Rakesh Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Service System ◽  
Product Service System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Key Issues

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework for product service system (PSS) design for machine tools and discuss the PSS implementation issues focusing on the Indian machine tool business sector. Design/methodology/approach – The paper opted for an exploratory survey conducted in the Indian machine tool sector including 39 in-depth interviews with employees of different organizations representing middle and senior management having decision-making authority. It also involves proposing a framework to address the stakeholder’s requirements for services that offers foundation for PSS designers. Findings – The paper helps get an insights about key issues for PSS implementation by the Indian machine tool sector. The hybrid PSS model proposed in the paper can address the stakeholder’s requirements for flexibility in business models through different business phases. Practical implications – The paper offers suggestions for the development of PSS for machine tools for designers and identify issues to be considered particularly in Indian machine tools business context. Originality/value – This paper provides an insight to judge the feasibility of PSS concept for machine tools in Indian context and offers framework for PSS designers.

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