scholarly journals Advances in Orthotic and Prosthetic Manufacturing: A Technology Review

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Barrios-Muriel ◽  
Francisco Romero-Sánchez ◽  
Francisco Javier Alonso-Sánchez ◽  
David Rodríguez Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Laminated Object Manufacturing ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
Aided Design

In this work, the recent advances for rapid prototyping in the orthoprosthetic industry are presented. Specifically, the manufacturing process of orthoprosthetic aids are analysed, as thier use is widely extended in orthopedic surgery. These devices are devoted to either correct posture or movement (orthosis) or to substitute a body segment (prosthesis) while maintaining functionality. The manufacturing process is traditionally mainly hand-crafted: The subject’s morphology is taken by means of plaster molds, and the manufacture is performed individually, by adjusting the prototype over the subject. This industry has incorporated computer aided design (CAD), computed aided engineering (CAE) and computed aided manufacturing (CAM) tools; however, the true revolution is the result of the application of rapid prototyping technologies (RPT). Techniques such as fused deposition modelling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), laminated object manufacturing (LOM), and 3D printing (3DP) are some examples of the available methodologies in the manufacturing industry that, step by step, are being included in the rehabilitation engineering market—an engineering field with growth and prospects in the coming years. In this work we analyse different methodologies for additive manufacturing along with the principal methods for collecting 3D body shapes and their application in the manufacturing of functional devices for rehabilitation purposes such as splints, ankle-foot orthoses, or arm prostheses.

scholarly journals Prototipagem rápida de pilhas a combustível de óxido sólido

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1113
Author(s):  
D. Hotza
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Laminated Object Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

Tecnologias de Prototipagem Rápida (Rapid Prototyping, RP) permitem a fabricação automática de peças com geometria complicada a partir de dados de Projeto Auxiliado por Computador (Computer Aided Design, CAD). A peça tridimensional é construída por consolidação de pó em camadas (processo "aditivo" ou "generativo"). Por isso, estas técnicas estão freqüentemente chamadas de fabricação de forma livre sólida ou fabricação em camadas. Em geral, uma abordagem de 5 etapas do desenvolvimento de produto é comumente aplicada: criação de um modelo de CAD, conversão do modelo de CAD em formato STL, fatiamento do arquivo STL em camadas de seção transversal, fabricação do produto, e finalmente acabamento superficial do produto. Técnicas de RP têm muitos benefícios sobre métodos tradicionais para geração de modelos, ferramentaria e construção de peças de produção de qualidade. Por exemplo, em contraste com processos "subtrativos" (furação, moagem, desbaste) os métodos "aditivos" de RP permitem a fabricação de produtos com estrutura complexa de poros internos que não podem ser fabricados por outros métodos. Técnicas de RP podem diminuir significativamente o tempo de fabricação de pilhas a combustível de óxido sólido (PaCOS) com pequena despesa de operação e reduzido custo de produto quando aplicadas corretamente. Tecnologias como Sinterização Seletiva a Laser (Selective Laser Sintering, SLS), Manufatura de Objetos Laminados (Laminated Object Manufacturing, LOM) e Impressão 3D (3D Printing, 3DP) podem ser usadas para fabricação de protótipos de pilhas a combustível, em particular na configuração planar.

Precision Manufacturing Process of Parts Realized by FDM Rapid Prototyping

2013 ◽  
Vol 581 ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Novakova-Marcincinova ◽  
Jozef Novak-Marcincin ◽  
Miroslav Janak
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Technology Preparation ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Selection Of

Rapid Prototyping (RP) can be defined as a group of techniques used to quickly fabricate a scale model of a part or assembly using three-dimensional computer aided design (CAD) data. What is commonly considered to be the first RP technique, Stereolithography, was developed by 3D Systems of Valencia, CA, USA. In this contribution are presented basic characteristics and problems in area of technology of Rapid Prototyping with use of Fused Deposition Modelling. It belongs to methods of precision model creation based on geometry obtained from CAD environment. Chapters are focused on optimization of FDM technology preparation process with aim of maximal precision of the parts. There also is algorithm that leads to selection of suitable settings for these problems. There are outputs in form of graph and tables accumulating information directly affecting precision aspects of manufacturing.

Animal orthosis fabrication with additive manufacturing – a case study of custom orthosis for chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Maria Wojnarowska ◽  
Jakub Najowicz ◽  
Tomasz Piecuch ◽  
Michał Sochacki ◽  
Dawid Pijanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Aided Design

Purpose Chicken orthoses that cover the ankle joint area are not commercially available. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to fabricate a customised temporary Ankle–Foot Orthosis (AFO) for a chicken with a twisted ankle using computer-aided design (CAD) and three-dimensional (3D) printing. The secondary objective of the paper is to present the specific application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) in veterinary medicine. Design/methodology/approach The design process was based on multiple sketches, photos and measurements that were provided by the owner of the animal. The 3D model of the orthosis was made with Autodesk Fusion 360, while the prototype was fabricated using fused deposition modelling (FDM). Evaluation of the AFO was performed using the finite element method. Findings The work resulted in a functional 3D printed AFO for chicken. It was found that the orthosis made with AM provides satisfactory stiffen and a good fit. It was concluded that AM is suitable for custom bird AFO fabrication and, in some respects, is superior to traditional manufacturing methods. It was also concluded that the presented procedure can be applied in other veterinary cases and to other animal species and other parts of their body. AM provides veterinary with a powerful tool for the production of well-fitted and durable orthoses for animals. Research limitations/implications The study does not include the chicken's opinion on the comfort or fit of the manufactured AFO due to communication issues. Evaluation of the final prototype was done by the researchers and the animal owner. Originality/value No evidence was found in the literature on the use of AM for chicken orthosis, so this study is the first to describe such an application of AM. In addition, the study demonstrates the value of AM in veterinary medicine, especially in the production of devices such as orthoses.

Laser Additive Manufacturing

3D Printing ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 154-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasheedat M. Mahamood ◽  
Esther T. Akinlabi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Laser Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Aided Design

Laser additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing process for making prototypes as well as functional parts directly from the three dimensional (3D) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model of the part and the parts are built up adding materials layer after layer, until the part is competed. Of all the additive manufacturing process, laser additive manufacturing is more favoured because of the advantages that laser offers. Laser is characterized by collimated linear beam that can be accurately controlled. This chapter brings to light, the various laser additive manufacturing technologies such as: - selective laser sintering and melting, stereolithography and laser metal deposition. Each of these laser additive manufacturing technologies are described with their merits and demerits as well as their areas of applications. Properties of some of the parts produced through these processes are also reviewed in this chapter.

Generating Porous Ceramic Scaffolds: Processing and Properties

2010 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 155-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Deisinger
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pore Geometry ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Jet Printing

For tissue regeneration in medicine three-dimensional scaffolds with specific characteristics are required. A very important property is a high, interconnecting porosity to enable tissue ingrowth into the scaffold. Pore size distribution and pore geometry should be adapted to the respective tissue. Additionally, the scaffolds should have a basic stability for handling during implantation, which is provided by ceramic scaffolds. Various methods to produce such ceramic 3D scaffolds exist. In this paper conventional and new fabrication techniques are reviewed. Conventional methods cover the replica of synthetic and natural templates, the use of sacrificial templates and direct foaming. Rapid prototyping techniques are the new methods listed in this work. They include fused deposition modelling, robocasting and dispense-plotting, ink jet printing, stereolithography, 3D-printing, selective laser sintering/melting and a negative mould technique also involving rapid prototyping. The various fabrication methods are described and the characteristics of the resulting scaffolds are pointed out. Finally, the techniques are compared to find out their disadvantages and advantages.

scholarly journals Rancang Bangun dan Simulasi 3D Printer Model Cartesian Berbasis Fused Deposition Modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Romario A Wicaksono ◽  
Eddy Kurniawan ◽  
M Khalid Syafrianto ◽  
Ramadhani Fadelandro Suratman ◽  
M Ridho Sofyandi
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Printer Model ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Method Show

<p><em>The process of designing and manufacturing a Cartesian 3D printer model based on Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is carried out to produce a 3D printer machine that can perform the printing process accurately and quickly. In this research, the process is divided into three stages, namely designing using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software, printing and assembling components of a 3D printer machine, and analysing the mechanical structure of a 3D printer machine. This 3D printer is designed to carry out the printing process with an area of 180x180x150 mm. Some components of 3D printing machines use Polylactic Acid (PLA). The simulation results based on the Finite Element Method show that the 3D printer engine is feasible to produce printing with a mass of 40% of the maximum possible load.</em></p>

scholarly journals Accuracy of chair-side fused-deposition modelling for dental applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-863
Author(s):  
Fusong Yuan ◽  
Yao Sun ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yuchun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Dental Model ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Dental Applications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish a chair-side design and production method for a tooth-supported fixed implant guide and to evaluate its accuracy. Design/methodology/approach Three-dimensional (3D) data of the alveolar ridge, adjacent teeth and antagonistic teeth were acquired from models of the edentulous area of 30 patients. The implant guides were then constructed using self-developed computer-aided design software and chair-side fused deposition modelling 3D-printing and positioned on a dental model. A model scanner was used to acquire 3D data of the positioned implant guides, and the overall error was then evaluated. Findings The overall error was 0.599 ± 0.146 mm (n = 30). One-way ANOVA revealed no statistical differences among the 30 implant guides. The gap between the occlusal surface of the teeth covering and the tissue surface of the implant guide was measured. The maximum gap after positioning of the implant guide was 0.341 mm (mean, 0.179 ± 0.019 mm). The implanted axes of the printed implant guide and designed guide were compared in terms of overall, lateral and angular error, which were 0.104 ± 0.004 mm, 0.097 ± 0.003 mm, and 2.053° ± 0.017°, respectively. Originality/value The results of this study demonstrated that the accuracy of a new chair-side tooth-supported fixed implant guide can satisfy clinical requirements.

A CAD-based approach for measuring volumetric error in layered manufacturing

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (13) ◽  
pp. 2398-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biranchi Narayan Panda ◽  
Raju MVA Bahubalendruni ◽  
Bibhuti Bhusan Biswal ◽  
Marco Leite
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Layered Manufacturing ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Volumetric Error ◽  
Build Orientation ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

Rapid prototyping uses layered manufacturing technology to produce functional parts directly from 3D computer-aided design model without involving any tools and human intervention. Due to layer by layer deposition, volumetric error remains in the part which is basically the volumetric difference between computer-aided design model and the fabricated part. This volumetric error causes poor dimensional accuracy and surface finish, which has limited the widespread applications of rapid prototyping. Although rapid prototyping is able to produce functional parts in less build time with less material wastage, today many industries are looking for better surface quality associated with these parts. Literature discloses that the part quality can be improved by selecting proper build orientation that corresponds to minimum volumetric error. In support of this, current study presents a computer-aided design-based novel methodology to precisely measure the volumetric error in layered manufacturing process, in particular fused deposition modeling process. The proposed method accepts computer-aided design model of the part in .CAT format and automatically calculates volumetric error for different build orientations. An Excel function is integrated with it to determine optimum build orientation based on minimum volumetric error. Several simple and complex examples verified the robustness of our proposed methodology. We anticipate that the current invention will help future rapid prototyping users in producing high-quality products through an intelligent process planning.

scholarly journals Rapid Prototyping: Technologies, Materials and Advances

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 891-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dudek ◽  
A. Rapacz-Kmita
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Composite Fabrication ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Dimensional Printing

AbstractIn the context of product development, the term rapid prototyping (RP) is widely used to describe technologies which create physical prototypes directly from digital data. Recently, this technology has become one of the fastest-growing methods of manufacturing parts. The paper provides brief notes on the creation of composites using RP methods, such as stereolithography, selective laser sintering or melting, laminated object modelling, fused deposition modelling or three-dimensional printing. The emphasis of this work is on the methodology of composite fabrication and the variety of materials used in these technologies.

Fabrication and Design of Customized Maxillofacial Biomodel for Implant Using Computer Aided Design and Rapid Prototyping Technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. 406-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Yusoff Way ◽  
M. Aichouni ◽  
M. Zul Amzar Zulkiflee ◽  
Mohd Sallehuddin Ahmad Derifaee
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Design Technology ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Analysis Computer ◽  
Operational Error ◽  
Aided Design

The purpose of this research is to fabricate bio-model that based on Rapid Prototyping technology which is by using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and designing an implant by using a Computer Aided Design technology. A case study from Hospital Kuala Lumpur which is the maxillofacial will be fabricated by using FDM technique. The completed 3D prototype or biomodel will be analyzed to makes the result more truthful in terms of the dimensional accuracy, operational error and cost analysis. Computer aided design technology is used to design the customized implant in order to replace the fractured maxilla part.

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