scholarly journals Production of Sustainable Construction Materials Using Agro-Wastes

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrysanthos Maraveas
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Bamboo Leaves ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Building Standards

The construction sector, in modern times, is faced by a myriad of challenges primarily due to the increase in the urban population and dwindling natural resources that facilitate the production of construction materials. Furthermore, higher awareness on climate change is forcing companies to rethink their strategies in developing more sustainable construction materials. Diverse types of agro-waste ranging from rice husk ash (RHA), sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), and bamboo leaves ash (BLA) among others have been identified as potent solutions in the development of sustainable construction materials. In this review paper, six different construction materials, made using agro-waste products, are examined. The materials include brick/masonry elements, green concrete, insulation materials for buildings, reinforcement materials for buildings, particleboards, and bio-based plastics. The main criterion adopted in selecting the materials regards their popularity and wide-scale use in modern construction applications. Additionally, as this research emphasizes identifying alternative approaches to develop sustainable construction materials, the focus is directed toward mainstream materials whose continued use has an adverse impact on the environment. The findings obtained from the review showed that the use of agro-waste to develop sustainable construction materials was effective, as the developed materials adhered to established building standards. Therefore, this indicates that agro-waste materials have the potential to replace conventional construction materials and hence achieve economic, environmental, and social sustainability in the long run.

scholarly journals Sustainability Comparison for Steel and Basalt Fiber Reinforcement, Landfills, Leachate Reservoirs and Multi-Functional Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
IfeOluwa B. Adejuyigbe ◽  
Paschal C. Chiadighikaobi ◽  
Donatus A. Okpara
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Waste Products

To a large extend sustainable construction of any structure greatly depends on the materials used in its formation. Traditionally, materials such as bricks, mortar, steels are still important components of most buildings. But modern technology is equally changing how materials are created and used.Based on the above explanation, the objective of this paper was to compare the steel structures with basalt fiber reinforced concrete. As basalt fiber is still not wide spread, this paper focus on the advantages, usages and applications of basalt fiber reinforced concrete to solve construction and structural challenges. The method and analysis used in this paper was derived from research and works done by previous authors on similar topics. Previous research information show that producers and users of these materials make choice of building materials to depend on the area the structure is proposed to be built and on the taste and ideas given by the client. Their consideration is often devoid of environmental, psychological, social and economy factors. The research methods lead to the understanding on the use and importance of basalt fiber concrete for landfills, leachate reservoirs and multifunctional structure.This paper helps structural users and engineers to know that green materials with good environmental characteristics that support nature are being considered as best construction materials due to what they are composed of. Waste and cost are also crucial as far as construction materials are concern. Even now, management of waste products from landfills specially leachates requires better construction designs in tropical region like Nigeria. More so, in line with the recent safe the climate calls, efforts to select the kind of material used in raising structures are becoming unavoidable.

scholarly journals Machine Learning Approaches for Prediction of the Compressive Strength of Alkali Activated Termite Mound Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4754
Author(s):  
Assia Aboubakar Mahamat ◽  
Moussa Mahamat Boukar ◽  
Nurudeen Mahmud Ibrahim ◽  
Tido Tiwa Stanislas ◽  
Numfor Linda Bih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Curing Regime ◽  
Alkali Activated

Earth-based materials have shown promise in the development of ecofriendly and sustainable construction materials. However, their unconventional usage in the construction field makes the estimation of their properties difficult and inaccurate. Often, the determination of their properties is conducted based on a conventional materials procedure. Hence, there is inaccuracy in understanding the properties of the unconventional materials. To obtain more accurate properties, a support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN) and linear regression (LR) were used to predict the compressive strength of the alkali-activated termite soil. In this study, factors such as activator concentration, Si/Al, initial curing temperature, water absorption, weight and curing regime were used as input parameters due to their significant effect in the compressive strength. The experimental results depict that SVM outperforms ANN and LR in terms of R2 score and root mean square error (RMSE).

scholarly journals Innovative nanoparticle-based admixture for sustainable construction materials and technologies

◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Bui ◽  
◽  
Chris Eagon ◽  
Steve Schaef ◽  
Paul Seiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction

scholarly journals Innovation potentials for construction materials with specific focus on the challenges in Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Wolfram Schmidt ◽  
Mike Otieno ◽  
Kolawole Olonade ◽  
Nonkululeko Radebe ◽  
Henri Van-Damme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Industrialised Countries

Africa is urgently in need of adequate basic infrastructure and housing, and it is one of the continents where massive construction activities are on the rise. There is a vast variety of potentially viable resources for sustainable construction on the continents, and consequently, the continent can bring innovative, greener technologies based on local sources effectively into practice. However, unlike established concrete constituents from industrialised countries in the global North, most of the innovation potentials from the African continent have not yet been the focus of intensive fundamental and applied research. This clearly limits the implementation of more sustainable local technologies. This paper presents a case for the need to first appreciate the rich diversity and versatility of the African continent which is often not realistically perceived and appreciated. It discusses specific innovation potentials and challenges for cementitious materials and concrete technology based on local materials derived from sources on the African continent. The unique African materials solutions are presented and discussed, from mineral binders over chemical admixtures and fibres to reinforcement and aggregates. Due to the pressing challenges faced by Africa, with regards to population growth and urbanisation, the focus is not only put on the technological (durability, robustness and safety) and environmental sustainability, but also strongly on socio-economic applicability, adaptability and scalability. This includes a review of alternative, traditional and vernacular construction technologies such as materials-saving structures that help reducing cementitious materials. Eventually, a strategic research roadmap is hypothesised that points out the most relevant potentials and research needs for quick implementation of more localised construction materials.

scholarly journals Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash from Power Co-generation Boilers as a Supplementary Cementitious Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiki Ainomugisha ◽  
Bisaso Edwin ◽  
Bazairwe Annet
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash

Concrete has been the world’s most consumed construction material, with over 10 billion tons of concrete annually. This is mainly due to its excellent mechanical and durability properties plus high mouldability. However, one of its major constituents; Ordinary Portland Cement is reported to be expensive and unaffordable by most low-income earners. Its production contributes about 5%–8% of global CO2 greenhouse emissions. This is most likely to increase exponentially with the demand of Ordinary Portland Cement estimated to rise by 200%, reaching 6000 million tons/year by 2050.  Therefore, different countries are aiming at finding alternative sustainable construction materials that are more affordable and offer greener options reducing reliance on non-renewable sources. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the possibility of utilizing sugarcane bagasse ash from co-generation in sugar factories as supplementary material in concrete. Physical and chemical properties of this sugarcane bagasse ash were obtained plus physical and mechanical properties of fresh and hardened concrete made with partial replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement. Cost-benefit analysis of concrete was also assessed. The study was carried using 63 concrete cubes of size 150cm3 with water absorption studied as per BS 1881-122; slump test to BS 1881-102; and compressive strength and density of concrete according to BS 1881-116. The cement binder was replaced with sugarcane bagasse ash 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% by proportion of weight. Results showed the bulk density of sugarcane bagasse ash at 474.33kg/m3, the specific gravity of 1.81, and 65% of bagasse ash has a particle size of less than 0.28mm. Chemically, sugarcane bagasse ash contained SiO2, Fe2O3, and Al2O3 at 63.59%, 3.39%, and 5.66% respectively. A 10% replacement of cement gave optimum compressive strength of 26.17MPa. This 10% replacement demonstrated a cost saving of 5.65% compared with conventional concrete. 

scholarly journals A Case Study of S-Curve Analysis: Causes, Effects, Tracing and Monitoring Project Extension of Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-661
Author(s):  
Habib Musa Mohamad ◽  
Mohamad Ibrahim Mohamad ◽  
Ismail Saad ◽  
Nurmin Bolong ◽  
J. Mustazama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Contract Administration ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
S Curve ◽  
Project Delay

S-Curve analysis in the construction interpreted as managing project with knowledge and traceable in the context of sustainable construction while displays the cumulative costs, labour hours or other quantities plotted against time. In the contract administration, delays in completing a construction project led to the breach of contract but, in contracts itself allow the construction period to be extended where there are delays that are not the contractor's fault. Under those circumstances, a presentation of a case-study regarding the analysis of S-Curve of a life project drew comparative interpretation of project performance towards project delivery schedule has been conducted in private initiative project. This study aims to investigate and examine the factors that cause delays in construction projects from the perspective of S-curve representations. The paper aims to provide in depth light about the existing causes of project delay and describe the key sources of financing problem and identify the consequences of contraventions of contract. Two distinct parts divided which are refers to the methods used to assess the perceptions of clients, consultants, and contractors on the relative importance of causes of delay in a project and referred to the procurement and documentation to analyse the delay. As a result, an Extension of Time (EOT) granted and identically changed the progress towards extension time where better planning demanded for improvement and restoration progress kept on track. This paper presented a practical and comparative S-Curve within extension of time to ensure delivery of project on schedule. In the long run, the identified causes are combined into 16 factors. Finally, the result of this match was brought in order to critically understand and provide a guideline to contractor in preparing EOT application and choose reliable factor based on the specific circumstances of project delay factors thorough review conducted to reveal the nature of EOT application techniques. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091679 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Review of research on high-temperature behavior of geopolymer paste

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Hang Yang ◽  
Mei-Chun Zhu ◽  
Cong-Qi Fang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Temperature Behavior ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
High Temperature Behavior ◽  
Bonding Performance ◽  
Geopolymer Composites ◽  
Geopolymer Paste

Geopolymer composites have been widely researched during recent years as an alternative to sustainable construction materials, which can minimize CO2 emission for its application of industry by-products. Past researches on geopolymer show that it has comparable strength and better high temperature stability compared to ordinary Portland cement. In this paper, the high-temperature behavior of geopolymer paste has been discussed through the last data regarding geopolymer, mainly including its bonding performance with steel, stress-strain characteristics, structural analysis of different observation scales and the performance of special geopolymer paste. In summary, some problems that need to be studied in future researches are put forward.

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