scholarly journals Study on Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of an Al–Cu–Sn Alloy Wall Deposited by Double-Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Huimin Gu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Chengde Li ◽  
Lingling Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Single Wire ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wire Feeding ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

In this present study, single-wire and double-wire Al–Cu–Sn alloy walls were fabricated by an arc additive manufacturing process. The surface morphology, elemental composition, and microstructure were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The mechanical properties of both the single-wire and double-wire walls were studied by mechanical property testing. The results showed that the heat input of the double-wire wall was lower than that of the single-wire wall at the same wire feeding speed. The surface microstructure of the double-wire wall showed a more uniform surface than the single-wire wall. The grains of the double-wire wall were found to be isometric crystals in the as-deposited state. The θ phase of the double-wire wall was dispersed with a smaller grain size in the grain boundary. After T6 heat treatment, the θ phase of the double-wire wall was completely dissolved into the aluminum matrix, and a large amount of θ’ enhanced phases were precipitated with a phase spacing of about 15 nm. The mechanical properties of the double-wire wall were shown to have significantly improved performance, which further increased to 490 MPa, 420 MPa, and 12%, respectively. The transverse and longitudinal mechanical properties of the double-wire wall were consistent, and the fracture mode of both was ductile fracture.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Part Fabricated by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar P ◽  
◽  
Soundrapandian E ◽  
Jenin Joseph A ◽  
Kanagarajan E ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing process is a method of layer by layer joining of materials to create components from three-dimensional (3D) model data. After their introduction in the automotive sector a decade ago, it has seen a significant rise in research and growth. The Additive manufacturing is classified into different types based upon the energy source use in the fabrication process. In our project, we used self-build CNC machine that runs MACH3 software, as well as the MACH3 controller is used to control the welding torch motion for material addition through three axis movement (X, Y and Z). In the project we used ER70 S-6 weld wire for the fabrication and examined its microstructure and mechanical properties. Different layers of the specimen had different microstructures, according to microstructural studies of the product. Rockwell hardness tester used for testing hardness of the product. According to the observation of the part fabricated components using the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing process outperformed the mechanical properties of mild steel casting process. The product fabricated by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing process properties is superior to conventional casting process.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of B/Al Composite after Thermal-Mechanical Cycling

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 889-892
Author(s):  
Yao Chun Qin ◽  
Shi Yu He ◽  
Dezhua
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Dislocation Generation ◽  
Mechanical Cycling ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Al Composite ◽  
Before And After

The mechanical properties of B/Al composite were measured at room temperature before and after thermal-mechanical cycling (TMC) in the temperature interval from –125°C to 125°C under constant stress of 30 MPa. The effects of TMC on microstructure and tensile fracture behavior of B/Al composite were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fiber / matrix interfaces were degraded during TMC, the extent of which was enhanced with increasing the cycles, causing a measurable decrease of stageⅠmodulus of the B/Al composite. The TMC induced the dislocation generation in the aluminum matrix and the dislocation density increased with increasing the cycles. The tensile strength of the composites increased with the cycles in the early stage of TMC, but subsequently decreased after further TMC. The interfaces in the B/Al composite changed from the strongly-bonded toward the appropriately-bonded, and then to the weakly–bonded ones with increasing the cycles.

scholarly journals The Influence of Heat Input on the Microstructure and Properties of Wire-Arc-Additive-Manufactured Al-Cu-Sn Alloy Deposits

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Huimin Gu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Chengde Li ◽  
Lingling Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this experiment, Al-Cu-Sn alloy was used as raw material to form deposits with different heat input using the wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process. The effects of heat input on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Sn alloy deposits were investigated by metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and mechanical properties tests. The results show that with increased of heat input, the thickness of the deposits increased and the layer height of the deposits increased. The number and size of pores in the deposits also improved with the increased heat input. The grain size of the deposits in the as-deposited state gradually increased and changed from isometric crystals to columnar crystals, the precipitated θ phases gradually converged on the grain boundary from within the grains. After T6 heat treatment, with increased heat input, the number of unsolved θ phases on the grain boundary increased, and the number of θ phases precipitated out of the matrix decreased as the phase spacing increased. With the increased heat input, the mechanical properties of the deposits gradually decreased, and the fracture mode changed from ductile fracture to brittle fracture.

Phase Transformations in Ti-7w/oMo-3w/oMe Alloy

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 514-515
Author(s):  
S. Fujishiro
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Water Quench ◽  
Alpha Beta

The mechanical properties of three titanium alloys (Ti-7Mo-3Al, Ti-7Mo- 3Cu and Ti-7Mo-3Ta) were evaluated as function of: 1) Solutionizing in the beta field and aging, 2) Thermal Mechanical Processing in the beta field and aging, 3) Solutionizing in the alpha + beta field and aging. The samples were isothermally aged in the temperature range 300° to 700*C for 4 to 24 hours, followed by a water quench. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray method were used to identify the phase formed. All three alloys solutionized at 1050°C (beta field) transformed to martensitic alpha (alpha prime) upon being water quenched. Despite this heavily strained alpha prime, which is characterized by microtwins the tensile strength of the as-quenched alloys is relatively low and the elongation is as high as 30%.

Control of humping phenomenon and analyzing mechanical properties of Al–Si wire-arc additive manufacturing fabricated samples using cold metal transfer process

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622199840
Author(s):  
Yashwant Koli ◽  
N Yuvaraj ◽  
Aravindan Sivanandam ◽  
Vipin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Deposition Rate ◽  
Bead Geometry ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Geometrical Shapes ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Nowadays, rapid prototyping is an emerging trend that is followed by industries and auto sector on a large scale which produces intricate geometrical shapes for industrial applications. The wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technique produces large scale industrial products which having intricate geometrical shapes, which is fabricated by layer by layer metal deposition. In this paper, the CMT technique is used to fabricate single-walled WAAM samples. CMT has a high deposition rate, lower thermal heat input and high cladding efficiency characteristics. Humping is a common defect encountered in the WAAM method which not only deteriorates the bead geometry/weld aesthetics but also limits the positional capability in the process. Humping defect also plays a vital role in the reduction of hardness and tensile strength of the fabricated WAAM sample. The humping defect can be controlled by using low heat input parameters which ultimately improves the mechanical properties of WAAM samples. Two types of path planning directions namely uni-directional and bi-directional are adopted in this paper. Results show that the optimum WAAM sample can be achieved by adopting a bi-directional strategy and operating with lower heat input process parameters. This avoids both material wastage and humping defect of the fabricated samples.

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