scholarly journals Physical Properties of Mineral and Recycled Aggregates Used to Mineral-Asphalt Mixtures

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Andrzejuk ◽  
Danuta Barnat-Hunek ◽  
Jacek Góra
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Microstructure Examination

This article presents test results and examines the possibilities of using aggregate from ceramic waste for mineral-asphalt mixtures. In addition, the mineral composition, physical and mechanical properties of aggregates from natural raw materials such as dolomite, granodiorite and waste ceramic aggregate (introduced as a partial substitute for the main aggregate) were analyzed. The shape of grains was examined by determining the shape and flatness index of aggregates, resistance to grinding and frost resistance. The tested properties have a direct impact on the durability of road surfaces. To this end, the adhesion of asphalt to the surface of the aggregates used was additionally determined. Determination of surface roughness and two-dimensional (2D) topography of tested aggregates was carried out. The aggregates microstructure examination, coupled with the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, was conducted to determine the morphology and texture of the aggregates as well as to identify the basic chemical components.

scholarly journals Nilai Tambah Produk Olahan Jahe Merah pada UD. VisionBali Herbal Indonesia, Denpasar

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARIEF SETIAWAN ROSO ◽  
I KETUT SUAMBA ◽  
NI WAYAN PUTU ARTINI
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Red Ginger ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Product Output

The Added Value of Processed Red Ginger Product at UD. VisionBali Herbal Indonesia, DenpasarThis research aimed to determine the added value of red ginger as an herbal drink in one production process and to determine the level of profits earned by the company in the red ginger processing in one production process. Determination of the study area was done purposively and the analytical methods used was the method of added value calculation, i.e. the product value is deducted by the value of raw materials and other supporting materials.It can be concluded from the result of the research that the added value of the red ginger processing business obtained in one production process is Rp. 84.600,00/kg. The added value is obtained from the deduction of the value of the product/output of Rp. 175.000,00/kg with the cost of raw material (input prices) Rp. 25.000,00/kg and the contribution of the cost of other inputs of Rp. 65.400,00/kg. It was also found that the profits gained by the manufacturer from the processed red ginger into herbal drink in one production process was Rp. 200.954,06. The suggestion that can be given to the company is to put more attention in the details of its production costs so as not to result in a low ratio of added value and further to improve the marketing of the products, so that people are interested in re-use of herbal medicine that is free of chemical components.

scholarly journals Analisis faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi pada industri rumah tangga (studi kasus : industri kerupuk udang di Desa Lambur Luar Kecamatan Muara Sabak Timur Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Trisa Mushandry Pratiwi ◽  
Hardiani Hardiani ◽  
Adi Bhakti
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Village

The purpose of this study is (1) To analyze the socioeconomic characteristics of Producers in the Shrimp Crackers Home Industry in the Village of Lambur Luar Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, (2) To analyze the effect of capital, labor, prices and raw materials on production in the Home Industry Shrimp Crackers in Lambur Luar Village, Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency. The results showed that all independent variables (capital, labor, prices and raw materials) affected the production of the shrimp cracker industry in Lambur Luar Village. Judging from the test results obtained by the coefficient of determination ( ) of 0.963460. This is aimed at capital, labor, prices and raw materials able to influence production by 96.34 percent and the remaining 3.66 percent for other variables not included in this study. Whereas if tested partially, capital, labor, price and raw material variables have a positive and significant effect on production in the shrimp cracker industry in Lambur Luar Village.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Environment on the Properties of Hybrid Cement-Based Concrete with Steel and Air-Cooled Slags

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Pavel Martauz ◽  
Vojtěch Václavík ◽  
Branislav Cvopa
Keyword(s):  
Steel Slag ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mixture Designs ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
By Products

This article presents the results of research that dealt with the development of non-traditional concrete using a hybrid alkali-activated cement. It is concrete based on by-products from a metallurgical plant that replaced 100% of the natural aggregates. Steel slag (CSS, fraction: 0/8 mm) was used as a filler in combination with air-cooled slag (ACBFS, fraction: 8/16 mm and 16/32 mm). Portland blended cement (CEM II/B-S 42.5N) and H-CEMENT were used as binding components in the development of the concrete mixture designs. Both of these cements were produced by Považská cementáreň, a.s., Ladce. Attention was focused on testing the physical and mechanical properties of the developed concretes in various environments. An aqueous environment was selected as the first environment for the placement of test specimens (cubes with 150 mm edges and prisms with dimensions of 100 × 100 × 400 mm3) according to the ČSN EN 206-1 standard and the outdoor environment (August to October). The determination of the cube strength was made after 7, 28, and 90 days, the determination of the flexural and compressive strength was made at the end of the prisms, and the determination of the dynamic modulus of elasticity was made after 28 days on the prisms. The test results of the test specimens, which were placed in two environments, were compared and it was found that, after 90 days, the outdoor environment caused a decrease in the concrete’s strength characteristics when using Portland blended cement (CEM II/ B-S 42.5N) of about 8%; in contrast, when using H-CEMENT, the concrete’s strength increased by about 14%. The use of H-CEMENT and the addition of PUZZOLANIT in the amount of 30% in combination with CEM II/B-S 42.5N in the amount of 70% reduced the decrease in the strength of the concrete after 90 days by about 3%. The research results confirm the suitability of using H-CEMENT and the addition of PUZZOLANIT for the production of concrete based on steel slag (CSS) and air-cooled slag (ACBFS).

scholarly journals Reusing Jet Grouting Waste as Filler for Road Asphalt Mixtures of Base Layers

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3200
Author(s):  
Francesca Russo ◽  
Rosa Veropalumbo ◽  
Salvatore Antonio Biancardo ◽  
Cristina Oreto ◽  
Fabio Scherillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Soil Consolidation ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Road Asphalt ◽  
Limestone Aggregate ◽  
Jet Grouting ◽  
Cumulative Strain

Secondary raw materials consist of production waste or material resulting from recycling processes, currently in large quantities, which can be injected back into the economic system as new raw materials. This study proposes jet grouting waste (JGW) as filler for hot and cold asphalt mixtures applied as base layers of road pavements and investigates the physical and mechanical properties. JGW is derived from soil consolidation performed during underground roadway tunnel construction. The research compares three asphalt mixtures: (a) hot mixture containing limestone aggregate-filler (HMA), (b) HMA containing JGW (HMAJ), (c) cold recycled asphalt mixture containing JGW (CRAJ). Leaching tests of JGW and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) were conducted; the best configurations of the three mixtures were determined by using the volumetric method through gyratory compaction. Three mastics with filler-to-binder ratios reflecting those of the asphalt mixtures were investigated through delta ring and ball test and frequency sweep test at 0.05% stress by using a dynamic shear rheometer. The morphology of each mixture was further investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that CRAJ with 28 days of curing time reached the indirect tensile strength (ITS) of HMA (0.73 MPa) within 14 days and, among all studied mixtures, returned the lowest cumulative strain, which was on average 30% lower than that of HMA and HMAJ. The results of this study have shown that the cold alternative mixture, CRAJ, promotes the reuse of two types of waste, RAP and JGW, as it fully meets the reference Italian Technical Standard and ensures good mixture performance in addition to conserving natural resources.

scholarly journals Strength Characteristic of Recycled Aggregate with Silica Fume As Admixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Rajashekar Yergol ◽  
Lingaraj Shastri
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Target Strength ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Unreacted Core ◽  
Micro Silica

In this study, conventional concrete is developed using recycled aggregates with micro silica (silica fume) as admixture. The concrete mix is designed for target strength of 25 MPa. Coarse aggregate were partially with recycled aggregate at 15 %, 30 % and 45 %. The relative parameters influencing the strength of concrete were studied in terms of recycled aggregate and silica content respectively. Test results reveled concrete produced with 45% of recycled aggregate tend to reduce the strength by 12% whereas addition of silica fume (10%) enhances the strength comparable to control mix (M25). Addition of microsilica functions as microfilling action in unreacted core of concrete which enhances the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. The significant reduction in compressive strength is noticed, when the recycled aggregate is increased beyond 30%

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE WITH DEMOLISHED WASTES AND SUGARCANE BAGASSE ASH

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-227
Author(s):  
Suriya ◽  
Sneha ◽  
Mohan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash ◽  
Increasing Demand

The increasing demand and scarcity of construction materials like cement and aggregates make the researches all over the world nowadays to focus on finding ways of utilizing industrial wastes and demolished wastes as source of raw materials and eco-friendly alternatives for concrete ingredients. Using recycled aggregates in concrete leads to preservation of the environment and promotes sustainable development. Recycled aggregate is obtained after crushing and screening of the construction rubble from tested laboratory specimens like cubes and cylinders. Sugarcane bagasse ash, the by-product of Sugarcane is the most fibrous material and contains alumina and silica. Bagasse ash used not only to reduce consumption of cement, cost of making concrete and pollution of the environment but also consumes the excess calcium present in the cement improving the durability related properties of concrete. In this work, mix design for conventional M20 grade concrete is made. Based on the literature survey, conventional coarse aggregate is partially replaced by 30% with recycled coarse aggregate. In this 30% recycled aggregate contained concrete, cement is partially replaced by 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% with Sugarcane bagasse ash. Experimental study was carried out to investigate the mechanical properties. Based on the test results, the optimum replacement level of cement with Sugarcane bagasse ash is observed as 15% for overall efficiency.

scholarly journals Determination of the Chemical, Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Electric Arc Furnace Slags and Environmental Evaluation of the Process for Their Utilization as an Aggregate in Bituminous Mixtures

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Evaristo Rafael Moreno-López ◽  
Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace Slag

Road construction is an activity that demands a significant amount of aggregates for bituminous mixtures. In addition, these aggregates must be of a suitable quality for use, even more so on high traffic roads. In response to this problem, and in order to avoid the extraction of new raw materials, research is being carried out using industrial waste as a substitute for conventional aggregates. In this way, the extraction of raw materials is reduced and landfilling of waste is avoided. However, these wastes must have certain properties and environmental advantages over natural aggregates. Otherwise, the use of waste would not be environmentally beneficial but would be more damaging to the environment. For this reason, this research evaluates the viability of using electric arc furnace slag as aggregates for bituminous mixtures, the main objectives being the determination of the characteristics of the by-product, the particularities and the critical points to be taken into account for its subsequent use in mixtures. At the same time, the environmental advantages of treating this waste to obtain a usable aggregate are evaluated in comparison with the processing of a natural aggregate. The results showed that electric arc furnace slags have a suitable chemical composition and excellent physical and mechanical properties for use in bituminous mixtures, even on high traffic roads. At the same time, it was determined that their use produces a considerable reduction in environmental afflictions. Therefore, it could be affirmed that the use of electric arc furnace slags in bituminous mixtures is recommendable as a way to develop more sustainable materials for construction.

scholarly journals Determination of Glucosamine in Raw Materials and Dietary Supplements Containing Glucosamine Sulfate and/or Glucosamine Hydrochloride by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with FMOC-Su Derivatization: Collaborative Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1048-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ziqi Zhou ◽  
Ted Waszkuc ◽  
Felicia Mohammed ◽  
M Blumhorst ◽  
R Buren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Glucosamine Hydrochloride

Abstract A collaborative study was conducted for determination of glucosamine in raw materials and dietary supplements containing glucosamine sulfate and/or glucosamine hydrochloride by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with N-(9-fluorenyl-methoxycarbonyloxy) succinimide (FMOC-Su) derivatization. Thirteen blind materials, one pair of which were duplicates, were tested by 12 collaborating laboratories. The test samples consisted of various commercial products, including tablets, capsules, drink mix, and liquids as well as raw materials, blanks, and those for spike recovery analyses. The tests with blank products and products spiked with glucosamine showed good specificity of the method. The average recoveries at spike levels of 100 and 150% of the declared amount were 99.0% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.1%, and 101% with an RSD of 2.3%, respectively. The test results between laboratories on each commercial product were reproducible with RSD values of no more than 4.0%, and the results were repeatable in the same laboratory with an average RSD of 0.7%. HorRat values ranged from 0.5 to 1.7 on both tests of spike recovery and reproducibility between laboratories on commercial products. The average determination coefficient of the calibration curves from the laboratories was 0.9995 with an RSD of 0.03%. All of the 12 collaborating laboratories succeeded in the study and none of their reported test results were outliers, partly indicating the robustness of the method. It is recommended that the method be accepted by AOAC INTERNATIONAL as Official First Action.

scholarly journals ANALISYS OF SOLID STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR WHEN PROTECTIVE PILLAR OF VERTICAL SHAFT IS DEVELOPED

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-211
Author(s):  
Sergey Neverov ◽  
Yuri Shaposhnik ◽  
Alexander Hikolsky
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Mine Shaft ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Barrier Pillar

In the context of the paper, carried out study complex is devoted to geomechanical estimation of safe development of ore reserves including barrier pillar within protective pillar of shaft of Irtishskaya Ore Mine with determination of influence rate of occurring stresses and strains in a solid on its condition and on capital workings and ground surface. Due to absence of active reserve reproduction of mineral raw materials at active ore mines, issues of pillar redevelopment become extremely important. It is established that in some deposits, losses in boundaries of protective pillars for protective objects reach 30 and more percent from balanced reserves. The possibility of safe extraction of parts of reserves from protective pillar of shaft without negative consequences for mine operation and for objects located at daylight surface is justified, based on analytical solutions and finite-element simulation in terms of Irtishskaya Mine. The most significant issue in the paper is using of mathematical simulation considering geo-structural features of the deposit, solid lithology, physical and mechanical properties of rock geo-metrical difficulty of mining objects and regulatory documentation for significant of extension of knowledge about studying of stability estimation of workings and ground surface. It is established that as main safety way for mine shaft ore barrier pillars should be leaved when reserves from protective pillar is depleted.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF METHODS OF POLYMERIC WASTE PROCESSING IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Yuriy Paladiichuk ◽  
Inna Telyatnuk
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
Polymeric Waste

The development of industry has led to the unlimited technological application of polymers, ranging from plastic bags, rubber, fabrics, paper and other materials. Displacing traditional materials, polymer products began to be used in agriculture. Polymers are used to make films for soil cover (mulching), anti-hail nets, shaft bushings, gears, body parts, tanks for storage and transportation of fertilizers and working fluids and many other parts. The operational properties of polymer products are becoming more and more perfect, but at the same time the methods of polymer waste management and their utilization are being developed and complicated. Over time, they can no longer be used for their intended purpose, so they are discarded and sent to landfills, while polymers are valuable structural materials and their reuse will not only be positive for the environment, but can also become a profitable branch of the agro-industrial complex. Pellet production is one of the methods of recycling polymer waste, which in the future can be used for the production of new parts, as well as added to the composition of composite materials based on organic or mineral fillers. This article examines the problem of recycling polymer waste by improving their processing technologies. The analysis of existing methods of utilization and processing of polymeric waste generated in agriculture is carried out. Determination of physical and mechanical properties of polymer waste, in particular thermoplastics. Taking into account the received information, conclusions are made and the analysis of methods of utilization and processing of polymeric waste in secondary raw materials is carried out.

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