scholarly journals Nanocarbon/Poly(Lactic) Acid for 3D Printing: Effect of Fillers Content on Electromagnetic and Thermal Properties

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Spinelli ◽  
Patrizia Lamberti ◽  
Vincenzo Tucci ◽  
Rumiana Kotsilkova ◽  
Evgeni Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Thermal Dissipation ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Electromagnetic and thermal properties of a non-conventional polymer nanocomposite based on thermoplastic Polylactic acid (PLA, Ingeo™) filled, in different weight percentage, with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), as well as a mixture of both fillers (MWCNTs/GNPs), are analyzed. The combination of notable electrical, thermal, and electromagnetic (EM) properties of the carbon fillers, in concentrations above the percolation threshold, together with the good processability of the PLA matrix gives rise to innovative filaments for 3D printing. In particular, the shielding efficiency (SE) in the frequency range 26–37 GHz of samples increases from 0.20 dB of unfilled PLA up to 13.4 dB for composites containing MWCNTs and GNPs, corresponding to 4% and 95% of SE, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the PLA loaded with 12 wt % of GNPs is 263% higher than that of the unfilled polymer, whereas an improvement of about 99% and 190% is detected for the PLA matrix loaded with MWCNTs and both fillers, respectively. The EM and thermal characterization is combined with a morphological investigation allowing us to correlate the dispersion states of the fillers within the polymer matrix with the observed EM and thermal properties. The EM and thermal characteristics exhibited by the nanocomposites make them suitable for packaging applications of electronic devices with electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and thermal dissipation features.

scholarly journals Research on the Application of MWCNTs/PLA Composite Material in the Manufacturing of Conductive Composite Products in 3D Printing

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjie Luo ◽  
Haibao Wang ◽  
Duquan Zuo ◽  
Anping Ji ◽  
Yaowen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Conductive Composites ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

As an advanced manufacturing technology that has been developed in recent years, three-dimensional (3D) printing of macromolecular materials can create complex-shaped components that cannot be realized by traditional processing. However, only a few types of macromolecular materials are suitable for 3D printing: the structure must have a single function, and manufacturing macromolecular functional devices is difficult. In this study, using poly lactic acid (PLA) as a matrix, conductive composites were prepared by adding various contents of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The printability and properties of MWCNT/PLA composites with different MWCNT proportions were studied by using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) processing technology of 3D printing. The experimental results showed that high conductivity can be realized in 3D-printed products with a composite material containing 5% MWCNTs; its conductivity was 0.4 ± 0.2 S/cm, its tensile strength was 78.4 ± 12.4 MPa, and its elongation at break was 94.4% ± 14.3%. It had a good melt flow rate and thermal properties, and it enabled smooth printing, thus meeting all the requirements for the 3D printing of consumables.

scholarly journals The research of the thermal and mechanical properties of materials produced by 3D printing method

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (Suppl. 4) ◽  
pp. 1211-1216
Author(s):  
Adam Gnatowski ◽  
Agnieszka Kijo-Kleczkowska ◽  
Henryk Otwinowski ◽  
Piotr Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

A comparative analysis of thermal properties of semi-crystalline and amorphous polymeric materials was carried out. Samples were produced using 3D printing technology on the SIGNAL-ATMAT printer. The following polymeric materials were used to make the samples: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, acryloni-trile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, Laywood, ethylene terephthalate, poly (lactic acid). The materials were tested for their thermal and mechanical properties. The research included the analysis of thermal properties by differential scanning calorimetry of manufactured materials. The tensile strength also was determined.

scholarly journals Thermal characterization of a new effective building material based on clay and olive waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 02053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamrani Mohamed ◽  
Khalfaoui Mohamed ◽  
Laaroussi Najma ◽  
Khabbazi Abdelhamid
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Mass Fractions

The influence of thermophysical properties of wall materials on energy performance and comfort in traditional building was investigated. The clay is the most commonly used sustainable building material. The study looked at the effects of the addition of pomace olive on the thermophysical properties of clay bricks to improve the energy efficiency of this ecological material. An experimental measurement of thermal properties of clay mixed with pomace olive was carried out by using the transient and steady state hot-plate and flash methods. The experimental methods are applied to measure the thermal properties of the composite material. The estimation of these thermal characteristics is based on a one dimensional model and the experimental errors are found less than 3%. The composite samples were prepared with different granular classes and mass fractions of the pomace olive in the mixture. The results show that the density of the new material was not substantially influenced by the size of the pomace olive. However, the thermal conductivity and diffusivity decrease from 0.65 W.m-1.K-1 and 4.21×10-7 m2.s-1 to 0.29 W.m-1.K-1 and 2.47×10-7m2.s-1, respectively, according to the variation of the volume fraction of pomace olive from 0 (pure clay) to 71% showing that the olive pomace can be used as effective secondary raw materials in the making of clay bricks.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Poly (lactic acid)/Poly (ethylene glycol) Reinforced Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite Fabrication, Characterization, Properties, and Applications

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fahad Ahmad ◽  
Sidek Ab Aziz ◽  
Suzan Jabbar Obaiys ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid ◽  
Khamirul Amin Matori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

This paper presents the electromagnetic interference properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a novel nano-reinforcement filler in poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymer matrix that was prepared via melt blending mode. Plasticization of PLA was first carried out by PEG, which overcomes its brittleness problem, in order to enhance its flexibility. A waveguide adapter technique was used to measure the dielectric properties ε r , and S-parameters reflection (S11) and transmission (S21) coefficients. The dielectric properties, microwave attenuation performances, and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMISE) for all the material under test have been calculated over the full X-Band (8–12 GHz) due to its importance for military and commercial applications. The prepared samples were studied while using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical properties measurements, as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the dielectric properties increased with increased multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) filler, as well as the shielding effectiveness of the MWCNT/PLA/PEG nanocomposites increased with the increasing of MWCNTs. The highest SE total value was found to be 42.07 dB at 12 GHz for 4 wt.% filler content. It is also observed that the attenuation values of the nanocomposites increased with an increase in MWCNTs loading, as well as the power loss values for all of the samples increased with the increase in MWCNTs loading, except the amount of the transmitted wave through the nanocomposites.

scholarly journals Glass Powder Additive on Recycled Polypropylene Filaments: A Sustainable Material in 3D Printing

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Ruben Bayu Kristiawan ◽  
Boby Rusdyanto ◽  
Fitrian Imaduddin ◽  
Dody Ariawan
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Peak Shift ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Tensile Test Specimen ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Ftir Characterization

This study aimed to characterize the effect of a glass powder additive on recycled polypropylene (rPP) materials from food packaging to be used as filaments in material extrusion (MEX) 3D printing applications. The composite filaments studied were rPP filaments with glass powder (GP) additive in the 2.5%, 5%, and 10% fractions. As a baseline, the filaments made of pure virgin PP and rPP without additive were used. The filament that has been successfully made is then printed into a tensile test specimen and an impact test to observe its mechanical properties. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterization was also carried out to determine the effect of chemical bonding and thermal characterization using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of FTIR characterization on the sample rPP + 10% do not show a typical peak shift of PP, but give rise to new peaks at wavenumbers of 1000 cm−1 (Si-O-Na), 890 cm−1 (Si-H) and 849 cm−1 (O-Si-O), which indicate the typical peaks of the glass constituent compounds. In the thermal characteristics, the addition of GP shows the improved stability of mass changes to heat and increases the melting temperature of rPP. The ultimate tensile strength and Young’s modulus for rPP-based specimens with 10% GP additive showed an increase of 38% and 42% compared to PP specimens. In addition to the improved mechanical strength, the addition of GP also reduces the bending deformation, which can be well controlled, and reduces curvature, which is a problem in semicrystalline polymer-based filaments.

Mechanical and thermal characterization of grafted PP-NCC nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987822
Author(s):  
Saud Aldajah ◽  
Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽  
Waseem Siddique ◽  
Mohammad M Kabir ◽  
Yousef Haik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Dual Plasticizer/Thermal Stabilizer Effect of Epoxidized Chia Seed Oil (Salvia hispanica L.) to Improve Ductility and Thermal Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1283
Author(s):  
Ivan Dominguez-Candela ◽  
Jose Miguel Ferri ◽  
Salvador Cayetano Cardona ◽  
Jaime Lora ◽  
Vicent Fombuena
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Chia Seed ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Chia Seed Oil

The use of a new bio-based plasticizer derived from epoxidized chia seed oil (ECO) was applied in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix. ECO was used due to its high epoxy content (6.7%), which led to an improved chemical interaction with PLA. Melt extrusion was used to plasticize PLA with different ECO content in the 0–10 wt.% range. Mechanical, morphological, and thermal characterization was carried out to evaluate the effect of ECO percentage. Besides, disintegration and migration tests were studied to assess the future application in packaging industry. Ductile properties improve by 700% in elongation at break with 10 wt.% ECO content. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed a phase separation with ECO content equal or higher than 7.5 wt.%. Thermal stabilization was improved 14 °C as ECO content increased. All plasticized PLA was disintegrated under composting conditions, not observing a delay up to 5 wt.% ECO. Migration tests pointed out a very low migration, less than 0.11 wt.%, which is to interest to the packaging industry.

scholarly journals Reaction Mechanism and Mechanical Property Improvement of Poly(Lactic Acid) Reactive Blending with Epoxy Resin

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2429
Author(s):  
Krittameth Kiatiporntipthak ◽  
Nanthicha Thajai ◽  
Thidarat Kanthiya ◽  
Pornchai Rachtanapun ◽  
Noppol Leksawasdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Nanoparticle Dispersion ◽  
Reactive Blending ◽  
Partial Miscibility ◽  
Epoxy Blends ◽  
Epoxy Content

Polylactic acid (PLA) was melt-blended with epoxy resin to study the effects of the reaction on the mechanical and thermal properties of the PLA. The addition of 0.5% (wt/wt) epoxy to PLA increased the maximum tensile strength of PLA (57.5 MPa) to 67 MPa, whereas the 20% epoxy improved the elongation at break to 12%, due to crosslinking caused by the epoxy reaction. The morphology of the PLA/epoxy blends showed epoxy nanoparticle dispersion in the PLA matrix that presented a smooth fracture surface with a high epoxy content. The glass transition temperature of PLA decreased with an increasing epoxy content owing to the partial miscibility between PLA and the epoxy resin. The Vicat softening temperature of the PLA was 59 °C and increased to 64.6 °C for 0.5% epoxy. NMR confirmed the reaction between the -COOH groups of PLA and the epoxy groups of the epoxy resin. This reaction, and partial miscibility of the PLA/epoxy blend, improved the interfacial crosslinking, morphology, thermal properties, and mechanical properties of the blends.

Effect of polycyclosilane microstructure on thermal properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifeng Jiang ◽  
Sydnee Wong ◽  
Rebekka S Klausen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Phase Properties

Thermal characterization of polysilanes has focused on the influence of organic side chains, whereas little is understood about the influence of silane backbone microstructure on thermal stability, phase properties, and...

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