scholarly journals Thermal Analysis and SEM Microscopy Applied to Studying the Efficiency of Ionic Liquid Immobilization on Solid Supports

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sowińska ◽  
Magdalena Maciejewska ◽  
Laina Guo ◽  
Etienne Delebecq
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Surface Reactivity ◽  
Solid Supports ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Elastomeric Matrix ◽  
Dispersion Degree ◽  
Conductive Additives ◽  
Elastomer Composites

Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely used in elastomer composites, primarily as vulcanization activators or accelerators, crosslinkers, conductive additives, or dispersing agents of fillers. The aim of this work was to study the efficiency of ionic liquid immobilization on filler surfaces using different techniques of thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ionic liquid, such as 1-decyl 3-methylimidazolium bromide (DmiBr) was grafted on the surface of silica, calcium oxide, and carbon black to improve the dispersion degree of their particles in the elastomeric matrix. Thermal analysis and SEM microscopy revealed a key role in determining the efficiency of the filler modification with ILs dissolved in acetone. Identifying the weight loss associated with thermal decomposition of DmiBr in modified fillers, allowed the calculation of the efficiency of their modification and compare the surface reactivity of studied fillers with DmiBr. Silica and carbon black exhibited high and comparable ability for interaction with ionic liquid. SEM images showed that particles of DmiBr-modified fillers were quite homogeneously dispersed in the elastomer matrix and exhibited good adhesion to the elastomer.

The Influence of Nanostructured Metal Oxides and Unsaturated Acids on Peroxide Cross-Linking of Ethylene-Octene Rubber

2012 ◽  
Vol 714 ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyna Pingot ◽  
Tomasz Pingot ◽  
Magdalena Maciejewska ◽  
Marian Zaborski
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Dispersion Degree ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Ionic Bonds ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Elastomer Composites ◽  
Nanostructured Metal Oxides ◽  
Nanostructured Metal

This paper deals with blends of ethylene-octene rubber (POE) with nanostructured metal oxides: magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and unsaturated acids: itaconic acid (IA), sorbic acid (SA) and crotonic acid (CA), as co-agents. Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was used as a vulcanizing agent. Elastomer composites were prepared in Brabender measuring mixer N50. Rheometric properties of rubber mixes and crosslink density of vulcanizates were measured. Mechanical properties of the samples were also investigated. Dispersion degree of coagents in elastomer matrix was studied by SEM images. Cross-link density analysis revealed that POE vulcanizates contained both ionic bonds and covalent bonds. The results showed that the nanostructured metal oxides and unsaturated acids used as co-agents can greatly improve the modulus at 100% of elongation and tensile strength of the vulcanizates.

Synthesis, Characterization and Application of N,N-Dimethyl-N-Sulfoethan Ammonium tetra-Chloro Aluminate: A Novel micro-Heterogeneous Cata-lyst for Synthesis of tri-Arylmethanes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Azimi ◽  
Niloofar Mohamadighader
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Acidic Catalyst ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir

Abstract: A new solid catalyst was synthesized from an ionic liquid and heterogenised by changing anion reaction. The new heterogeneous acidic catalyst was characterized by SEM images, EDS analysis, AFM images, Ft-IR, HNMR, 13CNMR and Mass Spectroscopy. It was applied to synthesis of tri-arylmethanes throughout one-pot tri-component reactions among aromatic aldehydes, N,N-dimethylaniline and other carbonic nucleophiles such as anisole and indole. Hence, synthesis of convenient and inexpensive micro-heterogeneous catalyst was introduced, the efficiency of which was confirmed. Also, various useful products were synthesized throughout this simple and clean procedure.

STRUCTURAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THIN LAYERS OF BINARY Ni–Fe ALLOYS ELECTRODEPOSITED BY TWO DIFFERENT BATHS: ACID AND IONIC LIQUID

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (08) ◽  
pp. 1950025
Author(s):  
RAFIK MAIZI ◽  
ATHMANE MEDDOUR ◽  
CÉLINE ROUSSE
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Deposition Potential ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Fe Alloys ◽  
Irregular Behavior

The deposition of Ni–Fe thin layers in boric acid and ionic liquid ([BuMePyr][Tf2N]) baths were successfully prepared. The obtained materials have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and SEM. Meanwhile, these materials were carried out by chronoamperometry or chronopotentiometry by varying the intensity of the current and the deposition potential. The results indicate that the coatings of Ni–Fe alloys were successfully obtained by electroplating on the copper substrates, and the alloys composition shows irregular behavior with polarization. The nickel content in the samples is in the range of 55–90%, but the iron content ranges from 10–30%, when potential deposits were varied from [Formula: see text]2[Formula: see text]V to [Formula: see text]4[Formula: see text]V vs Ni electrode. The results also showed that the thin layers are monophased; they contain the Ni3Fe phase. Further, SEM images of Ni–Fe alloys show the different shapes of particles.

scholarly journals Development of Liquid Diene Rubber Based Highly Deformable Interactive Fiber-Elastomer Composites

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Vikram G. Kamble ◽  
Johannes Mersch ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Klaus Werner Stöckelhuber ◽  
Amit Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Artificial Limbs ◽  
Phase Transformation Temperature ◽  
Elastomeric Matrix ◽  
Intelligent Structures ◽  
Polybutadiene Rubber ◽  
Elastomer Composites ◽  
Vulcanization Process ◽  
Diene Rubber

The preparation of intelligent structures for multiple smart applications such as soft-robotics, artificial limbs, etc., is a rapidly evolving research topic. In the present work, the preparation of a functional fabric, and its integration into a soft elastomeric matrix to develop an adaptive fiber-elastomer composite structure, is presented. Functional fabric, with the implementation of the shape memory effect, was combined with liquid polybutadiene rubber by means of a low-temperature vulcanization process. A detailed investigation on the crosslinking behavior of liquid polybutadiene rubber was performed to develop a rubber formulation that is capable of crosslinking liquid rubber at 75 °C, a temperature that is much lower than the phase transformation temperature of SMA wires (90–110 °C). By utilizing the unique low-temperature crosslinking protocol for liquid polybutadiene rubber, soft intelligent structures containing functional fabric were developed. The adaptive structures were successfully activated by Joule heating. The deformation behavior of the smart structures was experimentally demonstrated by reaching a 120 mm bending distance at an activation voltage of 8 V without an additional load, whereas 90 mm, 70 mm, 65 mm, 57 mm bending distances were achieved with attached weights of 5 g, 10 g, 20 g, 30 g, respectively.

Ionic liquid-assisted growth of methylammonium lead iodide spherical nanoparticles by a simple spin-coating method and photovoltaic properties of perovskite solar cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (95) ◽  
pp. 77495-77500 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shahiduzzaman ◽  
Kohei Yamamoto ◽  
Yoshikazu Furumoto ◽  
Takayuki Kuwabara ◽  
Kohshin Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Spherical Nanoparticles ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Organolead Halide ◽  
Perovskite Nanoparticles ◽  
Methylammonium Lead Iodide

The SEM images of organolead halide perovskite nanoparticles (NPs) without (w/o) and with (w) the use of ionic liquid (IL).

scholarly journals Elastic conducting polymer composites in thermoelectric modules

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nara Kim ◽  
Samuel Lienemann ◽  
Ioannis Petsagkourakis ◽  
Desalegn Alemu Mengistie ◽  
Seyoung Kee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Seamless Integration ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Elastomer Composites ◽  
Conducting Polymer Composites ◽  
And Storage

AbstractThe rapid growth of wearables has created a demand for lightweight, elastic and conformal energy harvesting and storage devices. The conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) has shown great promise for thermoelectric generators, however, the thick layers of pristine poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) required for effective energy harvesting are too hard and brittle for seamless integration into wearables. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-elastomer composites have been developed to improve its mechanical properties, although so far without simultaneously achieving softness, high electrical conductivity, and stretchability. Here we report an aqueously processed poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polyurethane-ionic liquid composite, which combines high conductivity (>140 S cm−1) with superior stretchability (>600%), elasticity, and low Young’s modulus (<7 MPa). The outstanding performance of this organic nanocomposite is the result of favorable percolation networks on the nano- and micro-scale and the plasticizing effect of the ionic liquid. The elastic thermoelectric material is implemented in the first reported intrinsically stretchable organic thermoelectric module.

scholarly journals Polystyrene grafted carbon black synthesis via in situ solution radical polymerization in ionic liquid

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Wu ◽  
Jianhui Qiu ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Eiichi Sakai ◽  
Lin Lei
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Radical Polymerization

Reinforced Rubber with Ionic Liquid Modifued Carbon Black

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 593-602
Author(s):  
Yanda Lei ◽  
Baochun Guo ◽  
Xiaoliang Liu ◽  
Demin Jia
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Carbon Black
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