scholarly journals Enzyme-Catalyzed Production of Potato Galactan-Oligosaccharides and Its Optimization by Response Surface Methodology

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirian Angelene González-Ayón ◽  
Ángel Licea-Claveríe ◽  
José Benigno Valdez-Torres ◽  
Lorenzo A. Picos-Corrales ◽  
Rosabel Vélez-de la Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cellvibrio Japonicus ◽  
Substrate Ratio ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

This work shows an optimized enzymatic hydrolysis of high molecular weight potato galactan yielding pectic galactan-oligosaccharides (PGOs), where endo-β-1,4-galactanase (galactanase) from Cellvibrio japonicus and Clostridium thermocellum was used. For this, response surface methodology (RSM) by central composite design (CCD) was applied. The parameters varied were temperature (°C), pH, incubation time (min), and enzyme/substrate ratio (U/mg). The optimized conditions for the production of low degree of polymerization (DP) PGOs were obtained for each enzyme by spectrophotometric assay and confirmed by chromatography. The optimal conditions predicted for the use of C. japonicus galactanase to obtain PGOs of DP = 2 were T = 51.8 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.508 U/mg, and t = 77.5 min. For DP = 3, they were T = 21 °C, pH 9, E/S = 0.484 U/mg, and t = 12.5 min; and for DP = 4, they were T = 21 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.462 U/mg, and t = 12.5 min. The efficiency results were 51.3% for substrate hydrolysis. C. thermocellum galactanase had a lower yield (35.7%) and optimized conditions predicted for PGOs of DP = 2 were T = 60 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.525 U/mg, and time = 148 min; DP = 3 were T = 59.7 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.506 U/mg, and time = 12.5 min; and DP = 4, were T = 34.5 °C, pH 11, E/S = 0.525 U/mg, and time = 222.5 min. Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterizations of PGOs are presented.

Enzyme-assisted Extraction for Optimized Recovery of Phenolic Bioactives from Peganum hermala Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-354
Author(s):  
Qadir Rahman ◽  
Anwar Farooq ◽  
Amjad Gilani Mazhar ◽  
Nadeem Yaqoob Muhammad ◽  
Ahmad Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Complexes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Central Composite

This study investigates the effect of enzyme formulations (Zympex-014, Kemzyme dry-plus and Natuzyme) on recovery of phenolics from Peganum hermala (harmal) leaves, under optimized conditions using response surface methodology. As compared to the other enzyme complexes, the yield (34 g/100g) obtained through Zympex-014-assisted extraction was higher under optimized conditions such as time (75 min), temperature (70°C), pH (6.5) and enzyme concentration (5 g/100 g) using central composite design (CCD). Effectiveness of Zympex-014 towards hydrolysis of P. hermala leaves cell wall was examined by analyzing the control and enzyme-treated leave residues using scanning electron microscope (SEM). GC/MS characterization authenticated the presence of quercetin (1.44), gallic acid (0.23), caffeic acid (0.04), cinnamic acid (0.05), m-coumaric acid (0.23) and p-coumaric acid (0.37 μg/g) as the potent phenolics in Zympex-014 based extract. It can be concluded from the findings of the current work that pre-treatment of P. hermala leaves with Zympex-014 significantly enhanced the recovery of phenolics that supports its potential uses in the nutra-pharamaceutical industry.

Poultry By-Products and Enzymatic Hydrolysis: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology Using Alcalase® 2.4L

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Taheri ◽  
Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari ◽  
Ali Motamedzadegan ◽  
Mehran Habibi-Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Recovery ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Substrate Ratio ◽  
By Products

The objective of this study was to determine the optimum conditions for production of a poultry by-product hydrolysate by Alcalase® 2.4L. Response surface methodology was conducted to ascertain this aim. The effects of enzyme/substrate ratio (Anson unit/g protein), time (minute) and temperature (°C) were determined. The responses included the degree of hydrolysis (%) and nitrogen recovery (%) at pH 8.5. The model showed a good fit, since the R2 = 0.981 for DH and the R2 = 0.968 for nitrogen recovery indicated that 98.1% and 96.8% of the variability within the range of values studied could be explained by the models. Furthermore, lack of fit of the models was not significant (p<0.05). Optimum conditions were an enzyme/substrate ratio of 0.05 Anson unit/g protein, a time of 85.64 minutes and a temperature of 45.52°C. The predicted responses were 26.14% DH and 81.38% nitrogen recovery. Histidine and methionine were the limiting amino acids in the hydrolysate. These results showed that this optimized assay is suitable to screen for protein hydrolysate production from poultry by-products. This work suggests that the protein hydrolysate could be a good protein source in fish diets and a functional additive in the food industry.

Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cucurbitin Using Response Surface Methodology: Improvement of the Functional Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Popovic ◽  
Draginja Peričin ◽  
Žužana Vaštag ◽  
Senka Popovic
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Foaming Properties ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of cucurbitin, extracted from pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) oil cake with bromelain, was carried out by response surface methodology (RSM). Second-order polynomial model (R2=0.791) has been proposed for the effect of time (t), and enzyme/substrate ratio (E/S) on degree of hydrolysis (DH). Conditions for obtaining maximal value of DH were determined (E/S= 0.0132 (w/w), t= 42 min). Furthermore, according to the regression equation, conditions for production of hydrolysates with target DH values were chosen. Comparison of the functional properties of cucurbitin and its hydrolysates (DH= 10%, 20% and 30%) were carried out. The solubility of the hydrolysates gradually increased with the increase of DH, in pH range of 6–8. The hydrolysate with DH=10% had the best emulsifying properties (EA=0.632 ± 0.02 A500nm, ES= 44.2min), and extent of hydrolysis decreased both emulsifying activity and emulsifying stability. All studied hydrolysates exhibited higher oil-holding capacity and have improved foaming properties compared to the original protein. DH has influence on foam capacity. The highest foam capacity has hydrolysate with DH=20% (150.3±3.66 %). Obtained results suggest that limited protease hydrolysis of cucurbitin with bromelain produces the hydrolysates with improved functional properties and indicate their possible use in different food systems.

Optimization on Influencing Factors of Fracture Toughness of Corundum-Mullite Toughened by In Situ Synthesized Mullite Whiskers by Response Surface Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 819-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Meng ◽  
Jin Hui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Mullite Whiskers ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Addition Amount

The corundum-mullite was toughened by in-situ synthesized mullite whiskers and the process parameters influencing the fracture toughness of corundum-mullite, such as sintering temperature, addition amount of AlF3 and V2O5, were optimized by means of response surface method. Corundum-mullite with fracture toughness of 9.44 MPa.m-1/2 could be obtained under the optimized conditions, i.e. sintering temperature of 1400°C, 4.8 wt.% of AlF3 and 5.8 wt.% of V2O5. The results showed that it was feasible to prepare corundum-mullite toughened by in-situ synthesized mullite whiskers by the optimized parameters. In addition, an accurate model based on response surface method was proposed to predict the experimental results.

scholarly journals Development of poly(vinyl alcohol)-based membranes by the response surface methodology for environmental applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e5
Author(s):  
Juliana Zanol Merck ◽  
Camila Suliani Raota ◽  
Jocelei Duarte ◽  
Camila Baldasso ◽  
Janaina Da Silva Crespo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Membrane Preparation ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Ft Ir

The pollution of hydric sources by pharmaceuticals is an issue in many countries, particularly in Brazil. The presence of these substances causes deleterious effects on the environment and human health. One of the main sources of this contamination is domestic sewage, due to the expressive amount of medicines released in their unaltered form. Unfortunately, traditional wastewater treatment is not effective for the removal of pharmaceuticals and, for this reason, membrane technology is an attractive alternative to overcome this issue. In this regard, hydrophilic polymers, such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), are the most suitable. However, their high affinity with water causes intense swelling, leading to severe modifications in the membrane properties. In view of all these facts, the present work evaluated the swelling of PVA-based membranes, with the aim of finding the membrane preparation method that has the lowest swelling, thereby providing the most suitable characteristics for pharmaceutical removal from wastewater. The membranes were prepared by the casting of a polymeric solution, with PVA as a basis polymer, citric acid as a crosslink agent and glycerol and silver nanoparticles as performance additives. The process optimization was performed using a design of experiments with posterior analysis by the response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM assessed the effect on the membrane swelling of the factors, including citric acid concentration and the time and temperature of crosslinking. The membrane characterization was performed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with a field emission gun (SEM-FEG) and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. Overall, the condition that showed the lowest swelling was obtained with 10% of citric acid and crosslinking for 4 h at 130 °C. Under these conditions, the membrane had a mass swelling of 42% and a dimensional swelling of 24%. Additionally, our statistical analysis revealed that the factors with the dominant effects were the citric acid concentration and the temperature of crosslinking. The FT-IR analysis suggested that the crosslinking occurred by an esterification reaction, as showed by the stretching frequencies of C=O at 1710 cm-1 and ester C-O at 1230 cm-1. Moreover, the SEM-FEG images revealed a smooth and flat surface and a dense cross section with a thickness of ~113 μm. Concerning the WCA, the angle was at ~80°, which is characteristic of hydrophilic materials. Finally, the data suggested that it is possible to optimize the membrane preparation process with adequate properties so that it can be subsequently applied to the removal of pharmaceuticals from hospital wastewater.

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