scholarly journals Unified Theory for Flexural Strengthening of Masonry with Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Ramaglia ◽  
Francesco Fabbrocino ◽  
Gian Lignola ◽  
Andrea Prota
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
General Validity ◽  
Flexural Strengthening ◽  
Strain Relationship ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development

Recent calamitous events have shown the fragility of the existing masonry buildings. Many of them are heritage structures, such as churches and monumental buildings. Therefore, optimized strengthening strategies are necessary. Experimental studies performed on masonry elements strengthened with composite systems have shown the performance of these materials. However, further development is necessary to optimize the intervention strategies. In fact, due to the lack of general validity models, the design is usually based on prescriptive approaches according to manufacturers’ broad instructions, often producing systems with low efficiency and overestimations of the amount of reinforcement. In this paper a generalized approach is proposed to assess the flexural behavior of masonry sections strengthened with composites. The proposed theory has allowed performance of a sensitivity analysis assessing the impact both of the mechanical parameters of masonry and of the strengthening system. In particular, the impact of several constitutive relationships of composites (linear, bilinear, or trilinear) have been evaluated in terms of ultimate behavior of the strengthened masonry. For strengthening systems more compatible with the masonry substrate, the form of the stress–strain relationship becomes a key aspect. For such cases, the modeling of the reinforcement plays a fundamental role and the form of the relationship is strongly correlated to the type of reinforcement selected, e.g., organic versus inorganic matrix.

The Growth of Vortices in the Vicinity of a Wall of Elastic Moving Airfoils

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Fuchiwaki ◽  
Tomoki Kurinami ◽  
Kazuhiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Elastic Body ◽  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Strain Component ◽  
Pitching Airfoil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Attention

There have been a number of studies on the flow field around a pitching airfoil and a heaving airfoil. Especially, the relationship between the wake structure and the characteristics of dynamic thrust has been clarified. Recently, the flow field around an elastic body has been attracted significant attention and the flow field is treated as a coupled problem between the fluid and structure. The flow field around an elastic body has been investigated primarily by numerical means, and there have been experimental studies. However, the details of the impact of elastic deformation effects on the growth process of vortices generated in the vicinity of the wall have not been clarified. In this study, we investigate the growth process of vortices generated in the vicinity of the wall of elastic moving airfoils experimentally. The elastic NACA0010 generates vortices in a large region of a wall and rolls up vortices, with the vortices growing gradually toward the trailing edge as a result of elastic deformation. The elastic NACA0010 has a characteristic whereby vortices having a rotational component that is stronger than the shear-strain component due to the vorticities in the vicinity of a wall of the elastic NACA0010 change not only spatial change of x- and y-components.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Severity of Hearing Loss and Subjective Tinnitus Loudness among Patients Seen in a Specialist Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Clinic in UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (08) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashir Aazh ◽  
Richard Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractHearing loss is often associated with the phantom sound of tinnitus. However, the degree of the association between severity of hearing loss and tinnitus loudness taking into account the impact of other variables (e.g., emotional disturbances) is not fully understood. This is an important question for audiologists who are specialized in tinnitus rehabilitation as patients often ask whether the loudness of their tinnitus will increase if their hearing gets worse.To explore the relationship between tinnitus loudness and pure tone hearing thresholds.This was a retrospective cross-sectional study.445 consecutive patients who attended a Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Specialist Clinic in UK were included.The results of audiological tests and self-report questionnaires were gathered retrospectively from the records of the patients. Multiple-regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between tinnitus loudness, hearing loss and other variables.The regression model showed a significant relationship between the pure tone average (PTA) at the frequencies 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz of the better ear and the tinnitus loudness as measured via visual analogue scale (VAS), r (regression coefficient) = 0.022 (p < 0.001). Other variables significantly associated with tinnitus loudness were tinnitus annoyance (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) and the effect of tinnitus on life (r = 0.09, p = 0.006). The regression model explained 52% of the variance of tinnitus loudness.Although increased tinnitus loudness was associated with worse PTA, the relationship was very weak. Tinnitus annoyance and impact of tinnitus on life were more strongly correlated with tinnitus loudness than PTA.

Examining Turkish Adults’ Recalled Experiences of Their Father’s Presence

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1224-1251
Author(s):  
Hilal Çelik ◽  
Okan Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Turkish Version ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Father Presence ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Eastern Cultures ◽  
Physical Interactions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The father plays an important role in child development, including during adolescence, in many cultures. To date, research on the impact of father presence (in a household/family) on father–child relationships has been limited, especially in Eastern cultures due to the overwhelming influence of traditional gender role attitudes. The purposes of this study are to record and compare descriptions (i.e., profiles) of the father’s presence, and to investigate Turkish adults’ reported experiences of their father’s presence during their childhood. A sample of 401 participants completed a Turkish version of the Father’s Presence Questionnaire. The resulting profiles and analyses of reports of the father’s presence show that perceptions of the fathers’ involvements with the participants and the participants’ feelings about their fathers are strongly correlated with their reported father–mother relationships as well as the mother’s support for the relationship with the father. The profiles of the male and female adult participants were quite distinct regarding recollections of physical closeness with the father because of the less frequent physical interactions between males and their fathers compared with females.

scholarly journals Features of technological processing of seeds with an electromagnetic field of microwave before sowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012142
Author(s):  
S V Vendin
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Microwave Exposure ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Technological Processing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract To increase the efficiency of crop production in the arsenal of the agronomic service there is a number of techniques, methods and technologies that reveal the potential of agricultural plants for all stages of production, starting with soil preparation, selection and preparation of seeds for sowing, agrotechnological measures during the growing season, harvesting technologies, storage and processing of products. The article presents the results of experimental studies on the use of the energy of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic fields for pre-sowing treatment of lupine seeds in order to increase their germination. Revealed the relationship between the parameters of microwave exposure and seed germination. The areas of modes where microwave treatment allows to increase germination, as well as areas of modes in which the impact does not reach the planned effect, or has a negative (depressing) effect, have been determined. Recommendations are given for ensuring the optimal modes of microwave processing and ensuring control of the parameters of the technological process. Based on the results obtained, it can be reliably asserted that the region of microwave treatment of lupine seeds, with a result exceeding the control values, is observed at exposure in the range from 50 to 60 s and at a specific microwave power of exposure from 1.0 to 1.17 kW/kg. The best result of an increase in germination by 1.5% was obtained at 60 s and 1.17 kW/kg. When treating seeds, it is recommended to maintain an average microwave heating rate of 0.50 °C/s until an average microwave heating temperature of 51.5 °C is reached.

scholarly journals Specific and Holistic Predictors of Sprint Front Crawl Swimming Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Marek Strzała ◽  
Arkadiusz Stanula ◽  
Piotr Krężałek ◽  
Wojciech Rejdych ◽  
Jakub Karpiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Arm Cranking ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Fitness Assessment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sprint Swimming

Abstract The aim of the study was to examine the impact of selected water- and dry-land predictors of 50-m front crawl performance among 27 male swimmers aged 19.3 ± 2.67 years. The following water tests were performed: front crawl tethered arm stroking in a water flume (flow velocity: 0.9 m·s–1) and leg tethered flutter kicking in a swimming pool. Anaerobic tests on dry land included arm cranking and a set of 10 countermovement jumps. The maximal and average forces generated by legs in tethered swimming (Fl max and Fl ave) turned out to be the strongest predictors of sprint swimming aptitude. These values were strongly correlated with total speed (Vtotal50) (r = 0.49, p < 0.05 and r = 0.54, p < 0.01, respectively), start, turn, and finishing speed (VSTF) (r = 0.60, p < 0.01 and r = 0.67, p < 0.01, respectively). The relationship of Fl max and Fl ave with surface speed (Vsurface) was moderate (r = 0.33, non-significant and r = 0.41, p < 0.05, respectively). The maximal force generated by arms (Fa max) during flume tethered swimming significantly influenced Vsurface and Vtotal50 (0.51, p < 0.01 and 0.47, p < 0.05, respectively). Its relationship with VSTF was close to significant (0.36, p = 0.07). Upper and lower limb dry-land tests showed lower and more holistic relationships with the 50-m front crawl race, however, being a good complement to overall fitness assessment. Specific in-water evaluation, especially the newly prepared flutter kicking test, as well as dry-land tests, can be applied to regularly monitor progress in swimming training, and to identify talented swimmers.

scholarly journals The impact of consumer cooperatives on the living standards of the population in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (43) ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Andrey Brilon ◽  
Anastasia Kadyseva ◽  
Rinat Khabibullin ◽  
Rezida Usmanova ◽  
Alexander Zinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Living Standards ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The socio-economic development of Russia in recent years has significantly slowed down, which is caused by both external factors (a difficult geopolitical situation, sanctions wars, the economic confrontation between leading world economic powers) and internal factors (poverty, low efficiency of the economy, a weak innovation environment). In these conditions, it is necessary to find various ways to stimulate the economic and social development of the country and regions. This paper discusses the development of cooperation as a way to develop economic relations and improve living standards. The aim of the study is to reveal the relationship between consumer co-operation and the standard of living of the population, and to determine its impact on the economy. The main research methods were analysis and synthesis, generalization, and the case method. This study used data from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, analytical reviews on the development of cooperation in Russia, and data from the Central Union of Russia. As a result of the study, the influence of cooperation on the growth of living standards of the population has been identified, some recommendations have been made on the development of cooperation in Russia.

An Exploration of the Effects of Photograph Content, Photograph Source, and Price on Consumers’ Online Travel Booking Intentions

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoojin Shin ◽  
Breffni M. Noone ◽  
Stephani K. A. Robson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Consumer Reaction ◽  
Booking Intentions ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This research employed two experimental studies to examine the relationship of photograph content with consumers’ online travel booking intentions, the role of photograph source in this relationship, and the impact of photograph content on consumer reaction to price. Study 1’s findings suggest that perceived information value mediates the effect of photograph content on consumers’ booking intentions, with product-focused photographs perceived as being higher in information value than experience-focused photographs. Further, perceived photograph credibility was found to influence consumer reaction to photograph content, with photograph source moderating the photograph content-perceived photograph credibility relationship. Study 2’s findings suggest that photograph content moderates the price–booking intentions relationship. When the price is higher than the average in the market, consumers are likely to rely more heavily on product-focused photographs than on experience-focused photographs to inform the booking decision. Together, the findings of these studies can guide travel marketers in developing cost-effective, photograph-based online content.

Hemodialysis using a Constant Potassium Gradient: Rationale of a Multicenter Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 731-734
Author(s):  
B. Redaelli ◽  
D. Limido ◽  
P. Beretta ◽  
M.R. Viganò
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
Membrane Hyperpolarization ◽  
Kd Values ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Potassium Gradient

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between two different procedures for potassium removal during hemodialysis (HD) and cardiac arrhythmias. Cell excitability and the transmission of impulses may be influenced by variations of resting membrane potential (RMP). The rapid decrease of plasma potassium during the first two hours of standard HD causes a membrane hyperpolarization. A different K+ kinetic, with a gradual and constant elimination of K+ during HD, may reduce this further unphysiological aspect and its clinical consequences. This can be obtained keeping blood-dialysate K+ gradient as constant as possible with the use of a dialysate K+ concentration (Kd) decreasing during HD. Our experimental studies on various K+ intradialytic gradients seem to indicate as optimal to this purpose K+ gradients of 1.5 mEq/l at the beginning of dialysis, esponentially decreasing during treatment to Kd values of 2.5 mEq/l at the end of dialysis (variable Kd). Patients included in the trial will be submitted to two different methods of treatment with Kd 2 mEq/l and variable Kd, and to a 24 hours ECG the day of dialysis. We will compare the number of intra and interdialytic premature ventricular complexes to evaluate the impact of two different models of potassium removal on arrhythmias.

scholarly journals Microbiota and Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases—An Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Catinean ◽  
Maria Adriana Neag ◽  
Andrei Otto Mitre ◽  
Corina Ioana Bocsan ◽  
Anca Dana Buzoianu
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years, increased attention has been paid to the relationship between microbiota and various diseases, especially immune-mediated diseases. Because conventional therapy for many autoimmune diseases is limited both in efficacy and safety, there is an increased interest in identifying nutraceuticals, particularly probiotics, able to modulate the microbiota and ameliorate these diseases. In this review, we analyzed the research focused on the role of gut microbiota and skin in immunity, their role in immune-mediated skin diseases (IMSDs), and the beneficial effect of probiotics in patients with this pathology. We selected articles published between 2009 and 2019 in PubMed and ScienceDirect that provided information regarding microbiota, IMSDs and the role of probiotics in these diseases. We included results from different types of studies including observational and interventional clinical trials or in vivo and in vitro experimental studies. Our results showed that probiotics have a beneficial effect in changing the microbiota of patients with IMSDs; they also influence disease progression. Further studies are needed to better understand the impact of new therapies on intestinal microbiota. It is also important to determine whether the microbiota of patients with autoimmune diseases can be manipulated in order to restore homeostasis of the microbiota.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Environmental Regulations and Green Economic Efficiency: A Study Based on the Provinces in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 889
Author(s):  
Gongli Luo ◽  
Xiaotong Wang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Yanlu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
National Level ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between environmental regulations (ER) and green economic efficiency (GEE) based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2008 to 2017. Firstly, GEE was calculated and evaluated using the super-efficiency SBM model with undesirable outputs. Secondly, the impact of ER on GEE was studied with the Tobit model. Finally, this article draws conclusions based on the above analysis and offers some suggestions for government and enterprise. The results show that the GEE of China is generally low. The GEE of the eastern region is much higher than that of the middle and western regions, with the western region performing slightly better than the middle. From west to east, there is a V shape, with high efficiency in the west and east and low efficiency in the middle. The impact of ER on GEE has the characteristics of nonlinearity and spatial heterogeneity. At the national level, as well as in the middle and western regions, the impact of ER on GEE shows an inverted U shape that first rises and then falls. ER are currently within the range conducive to the development of GEE. If the intensity of ER exceeds the critical value, they will have a negative impact on GEE. In the eastern region, the impact of ER on GEE is shown as a U shape that first falls and then rises. At present, the ER are not of sufficient intensity to contribute to the improvement of GEE. Only when the intensity of the ER exceeds the critical value will they have a positive influence on the GEE.

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