scholarly journals Alternative Process Routes to Manufacture Porous Ceramics—Opportunities and Challenges

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Scheithauer ◽  
Florian Kerber ◽  
Alexander Füssel ◽  
Stefan Holtzhausen ◽  
Wieland Beckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Alternative Process ◽  
Process Route ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Wall Flow ◽  
Catalytic Supports ◽  
Polymeric Template

Porous ceramics can be realized by different methods and are used for various applications such as cross-flow membranes or wall-flow filters, porous burners, solar receivers, structural design elements, or catalytic supports. Within this paper, three different alternative process routes are presented, which can be used to manufacture porous ceramic components with different properties or even graded porosity. The first process route is based on additive manufacturing (AM) of macro porous ceramic components. The second route is based on AM of a polymeric template, which is used to realize porous ceramic components via replica technique. The third process route is based on an AM technology, which allows the manufacturing of multimaterial or multiproperty ceramic components, like components with dense and porous volumes in one complex-shaped component.

scholarly journals Alternative Process Routes to Manufacture Porous Ceramics – Opportunities and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Scheithauer ◽  
Florian Kerber ◽  
Alexander Füssel ◽  
Stefan Holtzhausen ◽  
Wieland Beckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Alternative Process ◽  
Process Route ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Wall Flow ◽  
Catalytic Supports ◽  
Polymeric Template

Porous ceramics can be realized by different methods and are used for manifold applications, like cross-flow-membranes or wall-flow-filters, porous burners, solar receivers, structural design elements or catalytic supports. Within this paper three different alternative process routes are presented, which can be used to manufacture porous ceramic components with different properties or even graded porosity. The first process route bases on additive manufacturing (AM) of macro porous ceramic components, the second on AM of a polymeric template, which is used to manufacture porous ceramic components via replica technique. Finally, the third process route bases on an AM technology, which allows the manufacturing of multi-material or multi-property ceramic components, like components with dense and porous volumes in one complex shaped component.

Perspective Biomass Carrier for Anaerobic Processing Systems of Organic Waste AIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Anatoliy V. Fedotov ◽  
Viktor S. Grigoriev ◽  
Dmitriy A. Kovalev ◽  
Andrey A. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
Highly Porous

To speed up the wastewater treatment under aerobic conditions and to optimize the processes of anaerobic wastewater treatment in digesters, immobilization technologies of microorganisms and enzymes on solid carriers are used. Ceramic carriers based on aluminosilicates and alumina are one of the promising inorganic biomass carriers. (Research purpose) To study the structure of porous ceramic biomass carriers for anaerobic processing of organic waste and evaluate the prospects for their use. (Materials and methods) The substrate for anaerobic digestion was a mixture of sediments of the primary and secondary sewage sumps of the Lyubertsy treatment facilities. K-65 cattle feed was used to ensure the constancy of the composition of organic substances in substrates as a cosubstrate. The authors used the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption of Bruner-Emmett-Teller to study the pore structure and specific surface of solid carriers on a specific surface analyzer Quntachrome Autosorb-1. (Results and discussion) The main characteristics (specific surface, volume of micro- and mesopores, predominant pore radius, water absorption and others) of chamotte foam lightweight and highly porous corundum ceramics were determined. It was revealed that ceramic materials with a developed surface and electrically conductive material provided an increase in biogas yield by 3.8-3.9 percent with an increase in methane content by an average of 5 percent. (Conclusions) The results of anaerobic digestion showed a positive effect of both a conductive carrier and highly porous ceramic materials on the process of anaerobic bioconversion of organic waste into biogas. It is advisable to expand experimental studies on the use of a conductive carrier with a developed surface based on highly porous ceramics.

scholarly journals Production of Porous Ceramic Materials from Spent Fluorescent Lamps

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6056
Author(s):  
Egle Rosson ◽  
Acacio Rincón Rincón Romero ◽  
Denis Badocco ◽  
Federico Zorzi ◽  
Paolo Sgarbossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Commercial Glass ◽  
Triton X

Spent fluorescent lamps (SFL) are classified as hazardous materials in the European Waste Catalogue, which includes residues from various hi-tech devices. The most common end-of-life treatment of SFL consists in the recovery of rare earth elements from the phosphor powders, with associated problems in the management of the glass residues, which are usually landfilled. This study involves the manufacturing of porous ceramics from both the coarse glass-rich fraction and the phosphor-enriched fraction of spent fluorescent lamps. These porous materials, realizing the immobilization of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) within a glass matrix, are suggested for application in buildings as thermal and acoustic insulators. The proposed process is characterized by: (i) alkaline activation (2.5 M or 1 M NaOH aqueous solution); (ii) pre-curing at 75 °C; (iii) the addition of a surfactant (Triton X-100) for foaming at high-speed stirring; (iv) curing at 45 °C; (v) viscous flow sintering at 700 °C. All the final porous ceramics present a limited metal leaching and, in particular, the coarse glass fraction activated with 2.5 M NaOH solution leads to materials comparable to commercial glass foams in terms of mechanical properties.

Characterization of Nigerian Clay as Porous Ceramic Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abubakar ◽  
A.B. Aliyu ◽  
Norhayati Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Compaction Method ◽  
Percentage Porosity

Porous ceramics were produced by compaction method of Nigerian clay and cassava starch. The samples were prepared by adding an amount from 5 to 30%wt of cassava starch into the clay and sintered at temperature of 900-1300°C. The influence of cassava starch content on the bulk density and apparent porosity was studied. The result of XRD and DTA/TGA shows that the optimum sintering temperature was found to be 1300°C. The percentage porosity increased from 12.87 to 43.95% while bulk density decreased from 2.16 to 1.46g/cm3 with the increase of cassava starch from 5 to 30%wt. The effect of sintering temperature and cassava starch content improved the microstructure in terms of porosity and the thermal properties of porous clay for various applications which requires a specific porosity.

Preparation and Characterization of Quartz Porous Ceramic Materials Using the Yangtze River Sand

2013 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Yan Ping Feng ◽  
Zhi Wen Qiu ◽  
Xiao Bin Ma ◽  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Xin Chao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Insulation Property ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Porous Ceramic Materials

In order to lay raw materials foundation for increasing the performance of insulating brick with the low grade quartz sand along the Yangtze River, the quartz porous ceramic materials was researched in this paper. The results show the porosity of the porous quartz ceramics decreased with an increase in the sintering temperature. The pore is like the bowl shape, and the pore is closed pore, which is help to improve the heat insulation property of quartz porous ceramics. The CaSiO4 is produced in the ceramics after sintering processing. The shape is better, and the microstructure is circular and symmetrical pore, which is help to improve the mechanical property of quartz porous ceramics.

Environmental Friendly Ceramic Building Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyohiko Sugiyama ◽  
Keiji Kusumoto ◽  
Masayoshi Ohashi ◽  
Akinori Kamiya
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Solar Reflectance ◽  
Ceramic Building

The global warming is one of the most serious problems. The decrease of CO2 emissions in our daily life is an important subject today. Recently, an application of water retentive materials as a paving material has attracted a great deal of attention in Japan. This material is effective for reducing heat island phenomenon, which is also a recent problem in many cities in Japan. Water retained in the material during rainfall evaporates when heated by sunshine. The latent heat absorbed by evaporating water works to cool the surroundings. The water retentive ceramic products are expected to be useful for building materials as well as pavements. Several performances are required on the water retentive ceramics when it is used as building materials. Its cost and quality are the important factors. Porous ceramic materials formed by pressing without firing is one of ideal low cost and eco-friendly candidates. The porous ceramics is also expected to be produced from recycled ceramic materials. By optimizing its composition and forming method, a water retentive material with high performance was developed. The trial product had the properties as follows; fracture toughness: 1300N, bending strength: 175N/cm, water absorption: larger than 30%, and precision in size (length): +-0.5mm for 150mm. The product showed also enough frost resistance. In this paper, the fundamental properties of the porous ceramics prepared without firing are discussed with referring to the results of the field experiments.Another subject recently studied by several tile manufactures in Japan is the glazed tile with high solar reflectance. The exterior walls covered with such a high solar reflectance tile keeps the surface temperature of the wall lower under the strong sunshine of summer. It is effective against heat-island phenomenon. In this paper, the outline of the research results on visible and infrared reflectance of many kinds of glazes is also discussed.

Modeling a Discrete Interaction Jets/Wall Flow. Effect of Curvature

2011 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Amar Berkache ◽  
Rabah Dizene
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Curvature Effects ◽  
Wall Boundary Layer ◽  
Sst Model ◽  
Wall Flow ◽  
Discrete Interaction ◽  
Wall Interaction

A numerical simulation is used to evaluate the curvature effects of the wall on features of the interaction between discrete jets and cross flow, and therefore on the efficiency of the cooling. The injection is realized in a turbulent limit layer through only one row of openings. Our study was especially based on the SST model that is efficient in the capture of the phenomena near and in the wall. Three turbulence models are used; the k-, the RSM and the SST on a flat plate crossed by throw in order to identify which of these models are more capable to capture the near wall interaction phenomena. Discrete jets are arranged across a surface exposed to a wall boundary layer of parallel compressible stream, as occurs in certain discrete-hole cooling systems for turbine blades. Comparisons of the results of this study are presented in the case of a flat plate crossed by throw inclined of 45° with a rate injection Ra=0.6. These results compared to experimental data proved the aptitude of the SST model, in relation to the other models in this case of problems. Applied for a NACA0012 profile, this model (SST) revealed us the distinct difference of features of the interaction in relation to the flat plate.

Orthogonal Preparation and Microscopic Analysis of Porous Ceramic Foamed by Aerogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 745-746 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Yun Xia Chen ◽  
Hua Qing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Ceramic Body ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Enzyme Engineering ◽  
Biological Engineering ◽  
Structure Defects ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Orthogonal Tests

Porous ceramics foamed by aerogens with pores of specific characteristics in shape and size can be widely applied in many fields such as biological engineering, enzyme engineering, environmental engineering, etc. However, the Preparation is prone to structure defects such as inequality of pore size and distribution, crack, contraction deformation, etc. Four-level orthogonal tests based on three improving factors such as water content and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and stirring time (ST) were carried out to improve the method of preparing porous ceramic body foamed by aerogens at ordinary temperature. It is concluded that water content is the key improving factor followed by stirring time and CMC content, and the optimized formula could be A3B3C1 or A3B4C2. Microscopic analysis indicates that there are about 107 pores within 100μm2 with diameter below 10μm and about 117 pores within 10000μm2 with diameter range from 20μm to 100μm in the sample.

Preparation of Porous Ceramic with Controllable Additive and Firing Temperature

2011 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haji Aripin ◽  
L. Lestari ◽  
L. Agusu ◽  
I.N. Sudiana ◽  
N. Jumsiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Firing Shrinkage ◽  
Sago Waste

P orous ceramics were produced by mixing clay and ash of sago waste from the sago processing industry in Indonesia. The composition was prepared by adding an amount from 0 to 40 wt% of ash into the clay, and then the samples were milled for 6 h. The samples were dry pressed and sintered in the temperature range between 900°C and 1300°C. The influence of the ash content and the sintering temperature on the bulk density, firing shrinkage, and porosity was studied in detail. The results show that an amount of 10 wt% ash can be incorporated into the clay material without any appreciable effect on the bulk density and porosity of the samples sintered at 1000°C. It was found that if the amount of ashes is greater than 20 wt% and the sintering temperatures are lower than 1100°C, then the percentage of the porosity is greater than 30%. These results are important for optimization of the parameters of the technological processes for production of porous ceramics for various applications, each of which requires a specific porosity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document