scholarly journals Highly Transparent, Flexible and Conductive CNF/AgNW Paper for Paper Electronics

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren’ai Li ◽  
Kaili Zhang ◽  
Guangxue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Large Angle ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
High Transparency ◽  
Conductive Paper ◽  
Paper Electronics

Conductive paper has the advantages of being low-cost, lightweight, disposable, flexible, and foldable, giving it promising potential in future electronics. However, mainstream conductive papers are opaque and rigid, which seriously affect the wide application of conductive paper. In this paper, we demonstrate a highly transparent, flexible, and conductive paper, fabricated by mixing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) with silver nanowires (AgNWs) and then plasticizing with choline chloride/urea solvent. The as-prepared CNF/AgNW paper showed high transparency (~90% transmittance) and flexibility (~27% strain), and low sheet resistance (56 Ω/sq). Moreover, the resistance change of CNF/AgNW paper increased only ~1.1% after 3000 bending−unbending cycles under a 150° large angle, implying a long working life and stability. In view of this, our methodology has the potential to open a new powerful route for fabrication of paper-based green electronics.

Cross-sectional microanalysis for tracking the effect of solvent on the morphological evaluation of PLA/AgNWs bionanocomposties

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110230
Author(s):  
Meltem Sezen ◽  
Busra Tugba Camic
Keyword(s):  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Polymer Matrices ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Surface Area Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional

The emphasis of biocompatible polymer applications in medical sciences and biotechnology has remarkably increased. Developing new low-cost, low-toxicity and lightweight composite forms of biopolymers has become even more attractive since the addition of new species into polymer matrices assist to improve biomedical activities of such materials to a higher extend. Developments in nanoscience and nanotechnology recently contribute to controlled fabrication and ultraprecise diagnosis of such materials. This study concerns the observation of solution processing effects in the fabrication of porous PLA/AGNWs bionanocomposite coatings using electron and ion processing based serial cross-sectioning and high-resolution imaging. The nanostructuring and characterization were both performed in a focused ion-beam-scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) platform. HR-SEM imaging was conducted on-site to track solvent based morphological property alterations of PLA and PLA/AgNWs structures. Simultaneous SEM-EDS analyses revealed the elemental distribution and the chemical composition along the cross-sectioned regions of the samples. Accordingly, it was observed that, in case of acetone dissolved materials, both pristine PLA and PLA/AgNWs samples sustained their foamy structure. When chloroform was used as the solvent, the porosity of the polymer matrices was less and the resulting structure was found to be denser than samples dissolved in acetone with a lower surface area ratio inside the material. This can be attributed to the rapid volatilization of acetone compared to chloroform, and hence the formation of interconnected pore network. For both nanocomposite biopolymers dissolved in acetone and chloroform, silver nanowires were homogeneously distributed throughout PLA matrices.

Cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide flexible transparent conductive paper

2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kezheng Gao ◽  
Ziqiang Shao ◽  
Xue Wu ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Conductive Paper ◽  
Reduced Graphene

The “Arm” Line of Devices for Neurological Rehabilitation

2018 ◽  
pp. 161-190
Author(s):  
Alessandro Scano ◽  
Andrea Chiavenna ◽  
Tito Dinon ◽  
Alessio Prini ◽  
Giulio Spagnuolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Neurological Rehabilitation ◽  
Mechanical Adaptation ◽  
High Transparency ◽  
Adaptable Design ◽  
Home Training

In the modern scenario of neurological rehabilitation, which requires affordable solutions oriented toward promoting home training, the Institute of Industrial Technologies and Automation (ITIA) of the Italian National Research Council (CNR) developed a line of prototypal devices for the rehabilitation of the upper limb, called “Arm.” Arm devices were conceived to promote rehabilitation at affordable prices by capturing all the main features of the state-of-the-art devices. In fact, Arm devices focus on the main features requested by a robot therapist: mechanical adaptation to the patient, ranging from passive motion to high transparency, assist-as-needed and resistive modalities; proper use of sensors for performance monitoring; easy-to-use, modular, and adaptable design. These desirable features are combined with low-cost, additive manufacturing procedures, with the purpose of meeting the requirements coming from research on neuro-motor rehabilitation and motor control and coupling them with the recent breakthrough innovations in design and manufacturing.

Flexible, low-cost and scalable, nanostructured conductive paper-based, efficient hygroelectric generator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly S. Moreira ◽  
Diana Lermen ◽  
Leandra P. dos Santos ◽  
Fernando Galembeck ◽  
Thiago A. L. Burgo
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Conductive Paper ◽  
Real World Applications

Converting humidity into useful electrical energy was only recently demonstrated and the improvements presented in this work are not only highly energy efficient, but also contributes to the development of scalable, real-world applications.

scholarly journals Enhancing packaging board properties using micro- and nanofibers prepared from recycled board

Cellulose ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 7215-7225
Author(s):  
Ossi Laitinen ◽  
Terhi Suopajärvi ◽  
Henrikki Liimatainen
Keyword(s):  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Cellulose Microfibers ◽  
Board Strength ◽  
Grinding Time

Abstract In this study, cellulose microfibers and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) prepared from recycled boxboard pulp using a mechanical fine friction grinder were used as reinforcements in a board sheet. Micro- and nanofibers manufactured by mechanical grinding have typically broad particle size distribution, and they can contain both micro- and nano-sized fibrils. Deep eutectic solvent of choline chloride and urea was used as a non-hydrolytic pretreatment medium for the CNF, and reference CNF were used without any chemical pretreatment. The CNF were ground using three grinding levels (grinding time) and their dosage in the board varied from 2 to 6 wt%. The results indicate that the board properties could be tailored to obtain a balance between the processability and quality of the products by adjusting the amount of CNF that was added (2–6 wt%). A preliminary cost assessment indicated that the most economical way to enhance the board strength properties was to add around 4% of CNF with a moderate grinding level (i.e., grinding energy of 3–4 kWh/kg). Overall, the strength properties of the manufactured board sheets improved by several dozen percentages when CNF was used as the reinforcement.

scholarly journals Hexagonal and Square Patterned Silver Nanowires/PEDOT:PSS Composite Grids by Screen Printing for Uniformly Transparent Heaters

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin He ◽  
Gengzhe Shen ◽  
Ruibin Xu ◽  
Weijia Yang ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screen Printing ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Silver Nanowire ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Large Area ◽  
High Transparency ◽  
Square Grid ◽  
Photoelectric Properties ◽  
Printing Parameters

Transparent conductive films with hexagonal and square patterns were fabricated on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates by screen printing technology utilizing a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and silver nanowire (Ag NWs) composite ink. The printing parameters—mesh number, printing layer, mass ratio of PEDOT:PSS to Ag NWs and pattern shape—have a significant influence on the photoelectric properties of the composite films. The screen mesh with a mesh number of 200 possesses a suitable mesh size of 74 µm for printing clear and integrated grids with high transparency. With an increase in the printing layer and a decrease in the mass ratio of PEDOT:PSS to Ag NWs, the transmittance and resistance of the printed grids both decreased. When the printing layer is 1, the transmittance and resistance are 85.6% and 2.23 kΩ for the hexagonal grid and 77.3% and 8.78 kΩ for the square grid, indicating that the more compact arrangement of square grids reduces the transmittance, and the greater number of connections of the square grid increases the resistance. Therefore, it is believed that improved photoelectric properties of transparent electrodes could be obtained by designing a printing pattern with optimized printing parameters. Additionally, the Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS composite films with hexagonal and square patterns exhibit high transparency and good uniformity, suggesting promising applications in large-area and uniform heaters.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Economic Evaluation of Low-Cost Deep Eutectic Solvents for Effective Biogas Upgrading to Bio-Methane

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3379
Author(s):  
Edyta Słupek ◽  
Patrycja Makoś ◽  
Jacek Gębicki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Excess Enthalpy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Screening Model ◽  
Effective Removal

This paper presents the theoretical screening of 23 low-cost deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as absorbents for effective removal of the main impurities from biogas streams using a conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS). Based on thermodynamic parameters, i.e., the activity coefficient, excess enthalpy, and Henry’s constant, two DESs composed of choline chloride: urea in a 1:2 molar ratio (ChCl:U 1:2), and choline chloride: oxalic acid in a 1:2 molar ratio (ChCl:OA 1:2) were selected as the most effective absorbents. The σ-profile and σ-potential were used in order to explain the mechanism of the absorptive removal of CO2, H2S, and siloxanes from a biogas stream. In addition, an economic analysis was prepared to demonstrate the competitiveness of new DESs in the sorbents market. The unit cost of 1 m3 of pure bio-methane was estimated to be in the range of 0.35–0.37 EUR, which is comparable to currently used technologies.

scholarly journals Seat Occupancy Detection Based on a Low-Power Microcontroller and a Single FSR

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Sifuentes ◽  
Rafael Gonzalez-Landaeta ◽  
Juan Cota-Ruiz ◽  
Ferran Reverter
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Processing Stage ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Occupancy Detection ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Single Force ◽  
Analogue To Digital ◽  
Microcontroller Unit

This paper proposes a microcontroller-based measurement system to detect and confirm the presence of a subject in a chair. The system relies on a single Force Sensing Resistor (FSR), which is arranged in the seat of the chair, that undergoes a sudden resistance change when a subject/object is seated/placed over the chair. In order to distinguish between a subject and an inanimate object, the system also monitors small-signal variations of the FSR resistance caused by respiration. These resistance variations are then directly measured by a low-cost general-purpose microcontroller unit (MCU) without using either an analogue processing stage or an analogue-to-digital converter. Two versions of such a MCU-based circuit are presented: one to prove the concept of the measurement, and another with a smart wake-up (generated by the sudden resistance change) intended to reduce the energy consumption. The feasibility of the proposed measurement system is experimentally demonstrated with subjects of different weight sitting at different postures, and also with objects of different weight. The MCU-based circuit with a smart wake-up shows a standby current consumption of 800 nA, and requires an energy of 125 µJ to carry out the measurement after the wake-up.

Quaternized chitosan-assisted in situ synthesized CuS/cellulose nanofibers conductive paper for flexible electrode

Nano Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujie Huang ◽  
Bichong Luo ◽  
Chuanfu Liu ◽  
Linxin Zhong ◽  
Dongdong Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Flexible Electrode ◽  
Quaternized Chitosan ◽  
Conductive Paper
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