scholarly journals Oral Microbes, Biofilms and Their Role in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasserre Frédéric ◽  
Brecx Michel ◽  
Toma Selena
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Principles ◽  
General Overview ◽  
The Past ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Oral Microbes ◽  
New Strategies

Despite many discoveries over the past 20 years regarding the etio-pathogenesis of periodontal and peri-implant diseases, as well as significant advances in our understanding of microbial biofilms, the incidence of these pathologies still continues to rise. This review presents a general overview of the main protagonists and phenomena involved in oral health and disease. A special emphasis on the role of certain keystone pathogens in periodontitis and peri-implantitis is underlined. Their capacity to bring a dysregulation of the homeostasis with their host and the microbial biofilm lifestyle are also discussed. Finally, the current treatment principles of periodontitis and peri-implantitis are presented and their limits exposed. This leads to realize that new strategies must be developed and studied to overcome the shortcomings of existing approaches.

scholarly journals Probiotics and Periodontal Disease: A Current Update

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (Spl) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Vivek Gupta ◽  
Bhavana Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Current

ABSTRACT Probiotics are live micro-organisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits upon the host. Although a lot of work has been done regarding the effects of probiotic applications on systemic health particularly gastro-intestinal, the impact of probiotics on oral health is relatively new with lots of research going on; the area of probiotics and periodontal disease is still in its infancy. The present article summarizes the role of probiotics in periodontal health and disease and its effectiveness in periodontal therapy.

scholarly journals Lipoprotein(a): An update on its role in human health and disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Amalia-Despoina Koutsogianni ◽  
Evangelos Liberopoulos ◽  
Alexandros D. Tselepis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
The Past ◽  
Causal Risk Factor ◽  
Potential Clinical Benefit ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Health And Disease

Over the past few years, there has been an undiminished interest on lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. High Lp(a) levels have been proposed as an independent causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The main question that remains to be answered, however, is the potential clinical benefit of Lp(a) reduction. This will contribute to the enrichment of our knowledge on the exact pathophysiological role of this lipoprotein. This narrative review aims to summarize currently available data on the structure, metabolism, and pathogenicity of Lp(a).

scholarly journals Oral Health Inequalities and the Corporate Determinants of Health: A Commentary

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6529
Author(s):  
Lisa Jamieson ◽  
Barry Gibson ◽  
W. Murray Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Leverage Points ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical Commentary

Empirical research critically examining the role of the corporate determinants of health has gained traction in the past few years. Many of these reports have received strong, sometimes litigious, backlash from the corporations exposed. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical commentary on existing literature, policies, procedures and observations of issues, especially regarding the use of the corporate determinants of health as a research construct, in the persistence and flourishing of oral health inequalities at a global level. We discuss theoretical frameworks that underpin the power constructs of the corporate determinants of health, including Lukes “three faces of power” theory. This theory posits that power is exercised in three ways: through decision-making, through non-decision-making and ideologically. We will demonstrate, using examples of corporate determinants of health and oral health inequalities from several countries, how intervening at key leverage points is a crucial strategy for improving oral health inequalities at a global level.

The role of sex in cardiac function and diseaseThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled Young Investigator's Forum.

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Czubryt ◽  
Leon Espira ◽  
Lise Lamoureux ◽  
Bernard Abrenica
Keyword(s):  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Isolated Cardiomyocytes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Selection Of

In the past decade, increasing attention has been paid to the importance of sex in the etiology of cardiac dysfunction. While focus has been primarily on how sex modulates atherogenesis, it is becoming clear that sex is both a predictor of outcome and an independent risk factor for a number of other cardiac diseases. Animal models and human studies have begun to shed light on the mechanisms by which sex influences the function of cardiomyocytes in health and disease. This review will survey the current literature on cardiac diseases that are influenced by sex and discuss the intracellular mechanisms by which steroid sex hormones affect heart function. A theory on how sex may regulate myocardial energy metabolism to affect disease susceptibility and progression will be presented, as well as a discussion of how sex may influence outcomes of experiments on isolated cardiomyocytes by epigenetic marking.

STRATEGIES TO PROMOTE BETTER ORAL HEALTH RESEARCH IN INDIA: A DELPHI CONSENSUS STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Ashitha Alex ◽  
Nagesh L ◽  
Smitha B Kulkarni ◽  
Nithin N Bhaskar ◽  
Sourabha K G
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Delphi Consensus ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Collaborative Efforts ◽  
New Strategies

Aim-To identify strategies for promoting better oral health research in India using Delphi technique. Methods-The study involved a panel of 25 experts who are asked to complete Delphi questionnaire. Domains included were current status of research, constraints in promoting research, role of educational institutions in promoting research and development of policies to strengthen the research infrastructure and capacity. Quantitative analysis was made to obtain consensus. Results-The study was conducted in two rounds. Strong consensus was obtained on the benets of research, barriers with respect to conducting research like constraints in publication and lack of funding, importance of teaching research methodology and biostatistics in educational institutions, need for curriculum up gradation as well as collaborative efforts of various stake holders. Conclusion-Our study unearthed a lot of gaps in oral health research. Addressing these gaps would help decision makers in formulating new strategies to strengthen the research

scholarly journals Interferon – Gamma in Health and Disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Namburu JanakiRamya ◽  
Poosarla Chandrashekar ◽  
Baddam Venkat Ramana Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immunoregulatory Cytokine ◽  
The World ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Key Words Interferon

Interferon-gamma is immunoregulatory cytokine with a vast complexity of functions. Both progressive and suppressive properties of this cytokine class are being evaluated in past decades. The exact prognostic effects of this moiety are being looked at, in the past few years. Based on the physiological significance, the activity from an allergic disease to cancer immunotherapy is being perused all over the world. There is a crucial role of interferon –gamma in CD4- T helper-1 differentiation, activation of interleukins, immunoglobulins and activation of defence cells. Recent years of research has led to unfold the effect of interferon –gamma to the level of improvising the function of stem cells even in dental pulp and reversal of tumorigenic cells. Key words: interferon-gamma, CD4 , immunomodulotor, cancer

scholarly journals Role of Adolescence Lifestyle in Cardio Vascular Disease-An Ayurvedic Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Anoop AK ◽  
Nithya AK ◽  
Sandhya CV
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Age Group ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cardio Vascular Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Cardio Vascular

Heart disease in the adolescent age group has a unique spectrum. Among all adolescents, risk factors like obesity, an inactive lifestyle, smoking, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol that have a direct relationship on the probability of having cardiac disease later in life. According to Ayurvedic literature, Hridaya is the mula of RasavahaSrotas . The vitiation of this system may lead to diseases such as Sthoulya, Hridroga etc. The role of VyanaVayu and Ojus which contribute significantly to the health and disease of cardio-vascular system. Cardiac risk factors can be prevented or managed by lifestyle including principles of Dinacharya, Ritucharya and sadvrtta. With rapid economic development and increasing urbanization of lifestyle in the past few decades, prevalence of these diseases has reached alarming proportions among Indians in the recent years. So, this presentation is an effort to throw light on the role of adolescence life style in cardiac diseases.

Insulin signalling to the kidney in health and disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 351-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna J. Hale ◽  
Richard J. M. Coward
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rapid Control ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Different Tissues

Ninety-one years ago insulin was discovered, which was one of the most important medical discoveries in the past century, transforming the lives of millions of diabetic patients. Initially insulin was considered only important for rapid control of blood glucose by its action on a restricted number of tissues; however, it has now become clear that this hormone controls an array of cellular processes in many different tissues. The present review will focus on the role of insulin in the kidney in health and disease.

scholarly journals Vaccine Interactions With the Infant Microbiome: Do They Define Health and Disease?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice E. Ruck ◽  
Oludare A. Odumade ◽  
Kinga K. Smolen
Keyword(s):  
Precise Determination ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Health And Disease

Over the past decade, there has been a growing awareness of the vital role of the microbiome in the function of the immune system. Recently, several studies have demonstrated a relationship between the composition of the microbiome and the vaccine-specific immune response. As a result of these findings, the administration of probiotics has been proposed as a means of boosting vaccine-specific immunity. Early results have so far been highly inconsistent, with little evidence of sustained benefit. To date, a precise determination of the aspects of the microbiome that impact immunity is still lacking, and the mechanisms of action are also unknown. Further investigations into these questions are necessary to effectively manipulate the microbiome for the purpose of boosting immunity and enhancing vaccine-specific responses in infants. In this review, we summarize recent studies aimed at altering the neonatal gut microbiome to enhance vaccine responses and highlight gaps in knowledge and understanding. We also discuss research strategies aimed at filling these gaps and developing potential therapeutic interventions.

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