scholarly journals Effect of Ti Transition Layer Thickness on the Structure, Mechanical and Adhesion Properties of Ti-DLC Coatings on Aluminum Alloys

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongshuai Cao ◽  
Fugang Qi ◽  
Xiaoping Ouyang ◽  
Nie Zhao ◽  
Yun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Transition Layer ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc

Multilayers of Ti doped diamond-like carbon (Ti-DLC) coatings were deposited on aluminum alloys by filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) technology using C2H2 as a reactive gas. The effect of different Ti transition layer thicknesses on the structure, mechanical and adhesion properties of the coatings, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nanoindentation and a scratch tester. The results showed that the Ti transition layer could improve interfacial transition between the coating and the substrate, which was beneficial in obtaining excellent adhesion of the coatings. The Ti transition layer thickness had no significant influence on the composition and structure of the coatings, whereas it affected the distortion of the sp2-C bond angle and length. Nanoindentation and scratch test results indicated that the mechanical and adhesion properties of the Ti-DLC coatings depended on the Ti transition layer thickness. The Ti transition layer proved favorable in decreasing the residual compressive stress of the coating. As the Ti transition layer thickness increased, the hardness value of the coating gradually decreased. However, its elastic modulus and adhesion exhibited an initial decrease followed by an increasing fluctuation. Among them, the Ti-DLC coating with a Ti transition layer thickness of 1.1 μm exhibited superior mechanical properties.

scholarly journals DLC and DLC-WS2 Coatings for Machining of Aluminium Alloys

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Brzezinka ◽  
Jeff Rao ◽  
Jose Paiva ◽  
Joern Kohlscheen ◽  
German Fox-Rabinovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tool Life ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Operational Life ◽  
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc

Machine-tool life is one limiting factor affecting productivity. The requirement for wear-resistant materials for cutting tools to increase their longevity is therefore critical. Titanium diboride (TiB2) coated cutting tools have been successfully employed for machining of AlSi alloys widely used in the automotive industry. This paper presents a methodological approach to improving the self-lubricating properties within the cutting zone of a tungsten carbide milling insert precoated with TiB2, thereby increasing the operational life of the tool. A unique hybrid Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) system was used in this study, allowing diamond-like carbon (DLC) to be deposited by filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) while PVD magnetron sputtering was employed to deposit WS2. A series of ~100-nm monolayer DLC coatings were prepared at a negative bias voltage ranging between −50 and −200 V, along with multilayered DLC-WS2 coatings (total thickness ~500 nm) with varying number of layers (two to 24 in total). The wear rate of the coated milling inserts was investigated by measuring the flank wear during face milling of an Al-10Si. It was ascertained that employing monolayer DLC coating reduced the coated tool wear rate by ~85% compared to a TiB2 benchmark. Combining DLC with WS2 as a multilayered coating further improved tool life. The best tribological properties were found for a two-layer DLC-WS2 coating which decreased wear rate by ~75% compared to TiB2, with a measured coefficient of friction of 0.05.

scholarly journals DLC Coatings on Spherical Elements of HIP Endoprostheses

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
V. V. Vasylyev ◽  
V. E. Strel’nitskij ◽  
V. B. Makarov ◽  
M. A. Skoryk ◽  
G. O. Lazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
High Level

Abstract Hard coatings are increasingly being used in medicine to protect metal endoprostheses The experimental process for the high-productive synthesis of high-quality diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings with high hardness and a sufficiently high level of adhesion to the spherical shaped parts of the hip joint made from the stainless steel or cobalt-chrome alloy have been developed. DLC coating deposition was performed by vacuum-arc method from a high-productive source of the filtered vacuum-arc carbon plasma of rectilinear type with a "magnetic island". The high degree of thickness uniformity in the coating on the head of the hip joint with a high adhesion to the metal joint base was developed. Modernization of the vacuum arc plasma source allowed to accelerate the cathode spot motion, exclude substrate overheating and increase the diamond-like carbon hardness up to 30-40 GPa. The high adhesion level was achieved as a result of the high voltage pulsed of substrate bias potential use and multilayer architecture of DLC coating. The DLC coating on the heads of hip endoprosthesis did not peel off when boiling endoprosthesis or when immersing it into the liquid nitrogen.

scholarly journals Investigation of changes in the properties of diamond-like films under friction by the XPS method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (5) ◽  
pp. 052038
Author(s):  
A V Sidashov ◽  
M V Boiko ◽  
E I Luneva ◽  
A M Popov
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Energy Position ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Electron Line ◽  
Antifriction Properties

Abstract The combination of unique physicochemical, mechanical and tribological properties of diamond-like coatings determines the prospects for their use in critical friction units, including those operating in a rarefied atmosphere and vacuum. The properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings depend on the contribution of the sp2 and sp3 fractions of the carbon hybrid atomic electron orbitals. Modern methods of determining the graphite and diamond proportion in coatings are time-consuming and insufficiently accurate. In addition, the determination of the sp3/sp2 ratio is often difficult due to the displacement of the energy position of the C1s electron line. In this paper, the change in the chemical state of carbon over the thickness of a diamond-like coating is studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Analysis of the carbon line fine structure of the differential graphite spectra (sp2 bonds) and diamond (sp3 bonds) allowed us to establish the parameter δ, which determines the ratio of the graphite and diamond components in the DLC coating. Profiling with Ar+ ions of the diamondlike coating surface showed that with an increase in the etching time, the proportion of amorphized carbon increases, which means that the antifriction properties increase with the abrasion of the coating. The obtained regularities allow us to predict changes in the tribological properties of DLC coatings during operation. Ion profiling also allows to determine the thickness of coatings with high accuracy.

scholarly journals Study of Electrical Conductivity and Microcosmic Structure of Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon Films Doped by Boron

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Yuqing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Thermal Diffusion Method ◽  
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc

A type of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) film that was doped by boron (ta-C:B) is focused on in this paper. The ta-C film is prepared by filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) technique and then doped with boron using the thermal diffusion method. Then the microcosmic structure and electrical conductivity of the ta-C are characterized by an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) method and four-probe method, respectively. The results show that the conductivity of ta-C:B is significantly increased; the resistivity decreases from 1.5 × 106 Ω·cm to 350 Ω·cm approximately, while the percentage of sp3bonds in the film is changed from 87% to 60% approximately. It means that this type of film preserved the mechanical characteristics of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films and improved the electrical characteristics greatly at the same time.

scholarly journals DLC Coatings on Spherical Elements of HIP Endoprostheses

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
V.V. Vasylyev ◽  
Strel'nitskij V.E. ◽  
V. B. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
High Level

Hard coatings are increasingly being used in medicine to protect metal endoprostheses The experimental process for the high-productive synthesis of high-quality diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings with high hardness and a sufficiently high level of adhesion to the spherical shaped parts of the hip joint made from the stainless steel or cobalt-chrome alloy have been developed. DLC coating deposition was performed by vacuum-arc method from a high-productive source of the filtered vacuum-arc carbon plasma of rectilinear type with a "magnetic island". The high degree of thickness uniformity in the coating on the head of the hip joint with a high adhesion to the metal joint base was developed. Modernization of the vacuum arc plasma source allowed to accelerate the cathode spot motion, exclude substrate overheating and increase the diamond-like carbon hardness up to 30-40 GPa. The high adhesion level was achieved as a result of the high voltage pulsed of substrate bias potential use and multilayer architecture of DLC coating. The DLC coating on the heads of hip endoprosthesis did not peel off when boiling endoprosthesis or when immersing it into the liquid nitrogen. JEL O31

scholarly journals Friction and Wear Mechanisms of Cu/ta-C Coatings Under PAO-4 and PAO-4 with MoDTC Lubrication

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Decelyne Elly Binjua ◽  
Seock-Sam Kim ◽  
Young-Jun Jang ◽  
Jong-Kuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Friction And Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Alpha Olefin ◽  
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc

The tribological behavior of various types of DLC coatings in formulated and non-formulated lubricants are needed for proper usage of these coatings. In this research, the friction and wear mechanism of four different DLC coatings in poly-alpha-olefin type 4 (PAO-4) with and without MoDTC were investigated using ball-on-disc tribometer. One ta-C (tetrahedral amorphous carbon) and three Cu/ta-C (copper doped ta-C) with different sputter power of 50 W, 150 W, and 200 W coatings were deposited on silicon wafers by using FCVA (filtered cathodic vacuum arc) technique for this research. The results indicate that ta-C coating on silicon wafer has the lowest average friction coefficient (CoF) and better wear resistance than Cu/ta-C coating when lubricated under PAO-4 oil with MoDTC. Cu/ta-C with sputter powers of 150 W and 200 W exhibited the highest average friction coefficient under PAO-4 oil with MoDTC. Meanwhile, the average CoF for all samples were similar under PAO-4 base oil. In terms of wear, ta-C coating showed the highest wear rate under PAO-4 base oil then followed by Cu/ta-C with sputter power of 50 W. Nonetheless, Cu/ta-C with sputter powers of 150 W and 200 W exhibited significantly low wear rate under PAO-4 base oil compared to PAO-4 oil with MoDTC.

Investigation of Amorphous Silicon-Carbon Films Deposited by Filtered Vacuum Cathodic Arc

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 351-354
Author(s):  
P. Zhang ◽  
W.M. Tan ◽  
B.K. Tay
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Silicon Carbon ◽  
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc

Amorphous silicon-carbon films have been successfully deposited by the filtered cathodic vacuum arc techniques. One set of films was deposited from varying silicon-carbon composition in the targets and another set of films was deposited at different various substrate bias voltages from 5 at.% silicon target. The properties of the film were investigated by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. The first set of the samples exhibit atomic smooth surface morphology with RMS roughness below 0.26 nm. The silicon composition in the films determined by XPS varies from 0 to 61 at.%. The Raman results show that at low silicon composition, the G peak position of C-C bond shifts to a low wavenumber, that demonstrates the silicon atom predominantly substitutes for the carbon atom. As the silicon composition increase, the G peak disappeared and a strong broad peak corresponding to the amorphous silicon carbide cluster appears around 800 cm-1. For the second set, the Raman results show the ID/IG ratio increased from 0.24 to 0.67 with using the high bias voltages during the deposition. That indicates the disorder of C-C bond within the films increased. While, both the silicon concentration in the films and contact angles remain relatively constant with the change of bias voltage.

NANOCOMPOSITE nc-TiC/a-C:H FILMS FABRICATED BY DUAL PLASMA TECHNIQUE

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 891-897
Author(s):  
YAOHUI WANG ◽  
XU ZHANG ◽  
YUANZHI XU ◽  
XIANYING WU ◽  
HUIXING ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Coil Current ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Nanocrystalline Graphite ◽  
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc

Nanocomposite nc-TiC / a-C : H films have been deposited via filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique, employing Ti target and C 2 H 2 gas as material precursors. The composition and nanostructure of film, correlated to mechanical and tribological properties of film, are varied by changing C 2 H 2 flow rate and filter coil current. Glancing angle X-ray diffraction has been used to show that salient TiC (111) peak exists in film with grain size of order of 8–10 nm, as a function of filter coil current. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigations demonstrate that the nc-TiC / a-C : H films mainly contain nanocrystalline graphite and sp2-bonded carbon, both as a function of C 2 H 2 flow rate. Mechanical tests confirm that the nc-TiC / a-C : H films possess superior hardness of 33.9 GPa and elastic modulus of 237.6 GPa.

DUPLEX Al2O3/DLC COATING ON 15SiCp/2024 ALUMINUM MATRIX COMPOSITE USING COMBINED MICROARC OXIDATION AND FILTERED CATHODIC VACUUM ARC DEPOSITION

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250036 ◽  
Author(s):  
WENBIN XUE ◽  
HUA TIAN ◽  
JIANCHENG DU ◽  
MING HUA ◽  
XU ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Microarc Oxidation ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Aluminum Matrix Composite ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc

Microarc oxidation (MAO) treatment produces a thick Al2O3 coating on the 15SiCp/2024 aluminum matrix composite. After pretreatment of Ti ion implantation, a thin diamond-like carbon film (DLC) was deposited on the top of polished Al2O3 coating by a pulsed filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) deposition system with a metal vapor vacuum arc (MEVVA) source. The morphology and tribological properties of the duplex Al2O3 /DLC multiplayer coating were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SRV ball-on-disk friction tester. It is found that the duplex Al2O3 /DLC coating had good adhesion and a low friction coefficient of less than 0.07. As compared to a single Al2O3 or DLC coating, the duplex Al2O3 /DLC coating on aluminum matrix composite exhibited a better wear resistance against ZrO2 ball under dry sliding, because the Al2O3 coating as an intermediate layer improved load support for the top DLC coating on 15SiCp/2024 composite substrate, meanwhile the top DLC coating displayed low friction coefficient.

Corrosion Resistance of TiN Coatings Prepared by Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc Process

2005 ◽  
Vol 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Bao Wu ◽  
Yin-Wen Tsai ◽  
Chin-Te Shih ◽  
Mei-Yi Li ◽  
Ming-Sheng Leu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Tin Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tin Coatings ◽  
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc ◽  
Ti Mesh

ABSTRACTFor the purpose of developing the corrosion-resistant and low-cost metallic bipolar plates for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), Ti mesh, stainless steel and Si(100) were coated with TiN by using the filtered cathodic vacuum arc system (FCVA). These TiN films have received considerable attention because of its high anti-corrosion behavior and low contact-resistance. In order to improve the corrosion protective ability of TiN films and decrease pinholes of coating, growth modifications such as thickness of the coatings and bias applied to substrates have also been carried out. The microstructures and composition of TiN film were identified by the instrumental analyses such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The corrosion behavior of TiN coatings was studied in 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions by using potentiodynamic polarization method. The DC bias of −150 V was applied to the substrates to achieve a dense structure of approximately 400 nm coating of TiN, so that good corrosion protection of the Ti mesh and stainless steel substrates can be achieved. The TiN coating on stainless steel exhibited excellent corrosion behavior especially in lower corrosion current than 2×10−7 A/cm2.

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