scholarly journals Ceramic-Based 4D Components: Additive Manufacturing (AM) of Ceramic-Based Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) by Thermoplastic 3D Printing (T3DP)

Materials ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Scheithauer ◽  
Steven Weingarten ◽  
Robert Johne ◽  
Eric Schwarzer ◽  
Johannes Abel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Graded Materials

scholarly journals Ceramic-Based 4D-Components: Additive Manufacturing (AM) of Ceramic-Based Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (T3DP)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Scheithauer ◽  
Steven Weingarten ◽  
Robert Johne ◽  
Eric Schwarzer ◽  
Johannes Abel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Brick Wall ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Material Test ◽  
Functional Components

In our study we investigated the additive manufacturing (AM) of ceramic-based Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) by the direct AM technology Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (T3DP). Zirconia components with a varying microstructure were additively manufactured by using thermoplastic suspensions with different contents of pore forming agents (PFA) and were co-sintered defect-free. Different materials were investigated concerning their suitability as PFA for the T3DP process. Different zirconia-based suspensions were prepared and used for AM of single- and multi-material test components. All samples were sintered defect-free and in the end we could realize a brick wall-like component consisting of dense (<1% porosity) and porous (approx. 5% porosity) zirconia areas to combine different properties in one component. The T3DP opens the door to AM of further ceramic-based 4D-components like multi-color or multi-material, especially multi-functional components.

Approximate Functionally Graded Materials for Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuen-Shan Leung ◽  
Huachao Mao ◽  
Yong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Material Distribution ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Multiple Materials ◽  
Am Processes

Functionally graded materials (FGM) possess superior properties of multiple materials due to the continuous transitions of these materials. Recent progresses in multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) processes enable the creation of arbitrary material composition, which significantly enlarges the manufacturing capability of FGMs. At the same time, the fabrication capability also introduces new challenges for the design of FGMs. A critical issue is to create the continuous material distribution under the fabrication constraints of multi-material AM processes. Using voxels to approximate gradient material distribution could be one plausible way for additive manufacturing. However, current FGM design methods are non-additive-manufacturing-oriented and unpredictable. For instance, some designs require a vast number of materials to achieve continuous transitions; however, the material choices that are available in a multi-material AM machine are rather limited. Other designs control the volume fraction of two materials to achieve gradual transition; however, such transition cannot be functionally guaranteed. To address these issues, we present a design and fabrication framework for FGMs that can efficiently and effectively generate printable and predictable FGM structures. We adopt a data-driven approach to approximate the behavior of FGM using two base materials. A digital material library is constructed with different combinations of the base materials, and their mechanical properties are extracted by Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The mechanical properties are then used for the conversion process between the FGM and the dual material structure such that similar behavior is guaranteed. An error diffusion algorithm is further developed to minimize the approximation error. Simulation results on four test cases show that our approach is robust and accurate, and the framework can successfully design and fabricate such FGM structures.

Fabrication strategy of complicated Al2O3-Si3N4 functionally graded materials by stereolithography 3D printing

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (15) ◽  
pp. 5797-5809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Xing ◽  
Bin Zou ◽  
Xiaoyan Liu ◽  
Xinfeng Wang ◽  
Chuanzhen Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Graded Materials

scholarly journals Grayscale digital light processing 3D printing for highly functionally graded materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. eaav5790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Kuang ◽  
Jiangtao Wu ◽  
Kaijuan Chen ◽  
Zeang Zhao ◽  
Zhen Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
4D Printing ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Direct Fabrication

Three-dimensional (3D) printing or additive manufacturing, as a revolutionary technology for future advanced manufacturing, usually prints parts with poor control of complex gradients for functional applications. We present a single-vat grayscale digital light processing (g-DLP) 3D printing method using grayscale light patterns and a two-stage curing ink to obtain functionally graded materials with the mechanical gradient up to three orders of magnitude and high resolution. To demonstrate the g-DLP, we show the direct fabrication of complex 2D/3D lattices with controlled buckling and deformation sequence, negative Poisson’s ratio metamaterial, presurgical models with stiffness variations, composites for 4D printing, and anti-counterfeiting 3D printing.

Advances in additive manufacturing of metal-based functionally graded materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Reichardt ◽  
Andrew A. Shapiro ◽  
Richard Otis ◽  
R. Peter Dillon ◽  
John Paul Borgonia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Graded Materials
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