scholarly journals Characterization of Haemophilus influenzae Strains with Non-Enzymatic Resistance to β-Lactam Antibiotics Caused by Mutations in the PBP3 Gene in the Czech Republic in 2010–2018

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1260
Author(s):  
Vladislav Jakubu ◽  
Lucia Malisova ◽  
Martin Musilek ◽  
Katarina Pomorska ◽  
Helena Zemlickova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Epidemiological Typing ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Acid Sensitivity ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Mlst Type ◽  
Clonal Spread

The surveillance data on antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenzae have shown that strains with non-enzymatic resistance to β-lactam antibiotics have been on the rise in the Czech Republic over the last decade. This type of resistance is more difficult to detect than β-lactamase production. Analysis of 228 H. influenzae strains revealed that isolates with non-enzymatic resistance to β-lactams due to mutations in the ftsI gene could be reliably demonstrated by single run testing of susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (sensitivity of detection is 84.6%), cefuroxime (92.6%), ampicillin and penicillin (both 95.7%). Thirty-seven different amino acid substitution combinations were detected in the PBP3 protein at 23 positions (V329I, D350N, S357N, A368T, M377I, S385T, A388V, L389F, P393L, A437S, I449V, G490E, I491V, R501L, A502S, A502T, A502V, V511A, R517H, I519L, N526K, A530S, and T532S). The most common combination (35%) of amino acid substitutions was the combination D350N, M377I, A502V, N526K. Epidemiological typing does not indicate a clonal spread of a particular MLST type. Altogether there has been detected 74 STs. The most prevalent ST 1034 was associated mainly with a combination D350N, M377I, A502V, N526K. Clonal analysis revealed six clonal complexes (CCs) with the founder found, eight CCs without founder and 33 singletons.

scholarly journals First detection and characterisation of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 02) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
R Moutelikova ◽  
J Prodelalova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Nucleocapsid Gene ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Encephalomyelitis Virus ◽  
Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus

Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) is a highly neurovirulent coronavirus that invades the central nervous system in piglets. The incidence of PHEV among pigs in many countries is rising, and the economic losses to the pig industry may be significant. Serological studies suggest that PHEV is spread worldwide. However, no surveillance has been carried out in the Czech Republic. In this study, eight pig farms were screened for the presence of members of the Coronaviridae family with the use of reverse transcription PCR. A collection of 123 faecal samples and 151 nasal swabs from domestic pigs were analysed. In PHEV-positive samples, almost the complete coding sequence of the nucleocapsid gene was amplified and the acquired sequences were compared to those of geographically dispersed PHEV strains; phylogenetic analyses were also performed. PHEV was present in 7.9% of nasal swabs taken from different age categories of pigs. No other swine coronaviruses were detected. The amino acid sequence of the Czech PHEV strains showed 95.8–98.1% similarity to other PHEV reference strains in GenBank. PHEV strains collected from animals on the same farm were identical; however, strains from different farms have only exhibited only 96.7–98.7% amino acid sequence identity. Our study demonstrates the presence of PHEV in pigs in the Czech Republic. The Czech PHEV strains were evolutionarily closest to the Belgium strain VW572.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Brachyspira spp. from Dogs in the Czech Republic

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-442
Author(s):  
Daniel Šperling ◽  
František Čada ◽  
Alois Čížek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Biochemical Activity ◽  
Animal Shelters ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Species Specific

The objectives of this study were to establish the prevalence of intestinal Spirochetes of the genusBrachyspirain Czech dogs and to determine the susceptibility of obtainedB. pilosicoliisolates to selected antibacterial substances. Spirochetes were diagnosed microscopically in 23 out of 1139 samples of dogs’ excrements, primarily intended for a parasitological testing. The cultivation of positive samples provided 10 brachyspira isolates, which were, on the basis of their biochemical activity and the results of the species-specific PCR, identified asB. pilosicoli(9 isolates) andB. hyodysenteriae(1 isolate). These dogs came from households. All the 7 tested isolatesB. pilosicoliwere sensitive to metronidazole and doxycycline, uniformly resistant to erythromycin, partly sensitive to cefazoline, lincomicine and ampicilline except for one isolate ofB. pilosicoli, which was resistant to ampicilline. The second part of study was focused on dogs with diarrhoea that came from animal shelters, where a high prevalence of 58% (10/17) ofB. pilosicoliwas found.

Molecular characterization of phytoplasmas in lilies with fasciation in the Czech Republic

2005 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assunta Bertaccini ◽  
Jana Fránová ◽  
Simona Botti ◽  
Diana Tabanelli
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
The Czech Republic

Genetic and morphological characterization of Trichuris myocastoris found in Myocastor coypus in the Czech Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 3969-3975 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rylková ◽  
E. Tůmová ◽  
A. Brožová ◽  
I. Jankovská ◽  
J. Vadlejch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Myocastor Coypus ◽  
The Czech Republic

scholarly journals Molecular Evolution of β-Lactam-Resistant Haemophilus influenzae: 9-Year Surveillance of Penicillin-Binding Protein 3 Mutations in Isolates from Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 2487-2492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Sanbongi ◽  
Takahisa Suzuki ◽  
Yumi Osaki ◽  
Nami Senju ◽  
Takashi Ida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Penicillin Binding Protein ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Second Period

ABSTRACT A total of 621 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae collected in Japan between 1995 and 2003 were studied for their susceptibilities to several antimicrobial agents, β-lactamase production, and amino acid substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP 3). Over the four study periods (first period, 1995 to 1996; second period, 1997 to 1998; third period, 2000 to 2001; fourth period, 2002 to 2003), the susceptibilities to β-lactam agents decreased and the incidence of isolates with substitutions at positions 377, 385, 389, 517, and/or 526 in PBP 3 increased from 28.8% to 52.0%. Five hundred seventy-one β-lactamase-nonproducing isolates were grouped into 18 classes, based on the pattern of the five mutations in PBP 3. The Asp526Lys substitution led to 6.0-, 4.3-, 2.4-, and 5.4-fold increases in amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefdinir, cefditoren, and faropenem resistance, respectively. PBP 3 with multiple substitutions (Met377Ile, Ser385Thr, and/or Leu389Phe) together with Asp526Lys resulted in increased resistance compared to that for PBP 3 with the Asp526Lys substitution alone. These results indicate that mutations at these five positions increased resistance to most β-lactams. Although a significant change in the prevalence of β-lactamase-producing strains was not observed, the proportions of those possessing both PBP 3 alterations and β-lactamase production have slightly increased (from 1.4% to 5.0%). The ROB-1 β-lactamase was rare, but this is the first report of this β-lactamase in Japan.

scholarly journals Characterization of Non-Type B Haemophilus influenzae Strains Isolated from Patients with Invasive Disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 4649-4652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cerquetti ◽  
Marta Luisa Ciofi degli Atti ◽  
Giovanna Renna ◽  
Alberto Eugenio Tozzi ◽  
Maria Laura Garlaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Type B ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clonal Spread

Forty-one non-type b Haemophilus influenzae isolates from cases of invasive disease were characterized. By PCR capsular genotyping, 33 nonencapsulated strains, 4 type f isolates, and 4 b− strains were identified. By pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, the nonencapsulated isolates exhibited great genetic heterogenicity, whereas the type f and the b− strains seemed to have a clonal spread. Occurrence of the hifA gene was found by PCR in 18% of the nonencapsulated, 50% of the b−, and all of the type f strains. Hemagglutinating fimbriae were generally expressed by nonencapsulated isolates when fimbrial gene hifA was present. Two nonencapsulated isolates not susceptible to ampicillin were detected; no strains were positive for β-lactamase production.

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