scholarly journals ‘Mind the Gap’: Reconnecting Local Actions and Multi-Level Policies to Bridge the Governance Gap. An Example of Soil Erosion Action from East Africa

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Claire Kelly ◽  
Maarten Wynants ◽  
Linus K. Munishi ◽  
Mona Nasseri ◽  
Aloyce Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Policy Integration ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Institutional Processes ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Governance Processes ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Erosion Action

Achieving change to address soil erosion has been a global yet elusive goal for decades. Efforts to implement effective solutions have often fallen short due to a lack of sustained, context-appropriate and multi-disciplinary engagement with the problem. Issues include prevalence of short-term funding for ‘quick-fix’ solutions; a lack of nuanced understandings of institutional, socio-economic or cultural drivers of erosion problems; little community engagement in design and testing solutions; and, critically, a lack of traction in integrating locally designed solutions into policy and institutional processes. This paper focusses on the latter issue of local action for policy integration, drawing on experiences from a Tanzanian context to highlight the practical and institutional disjuncts that exist; and the governance challenges that can hamper efforts to address and build resilience to soil erosion. By understanding context-specific governance processes, and joining them with realistic, locally designed actions, positive change has occurred, strengthening local-regional resilience to complex and seemingly intractable soil erosion challenges.

scholarly journals Retrofitting the built environment ‘to save’ energy: Arbed, the emergence of a distinctive sustainability transition pathway in Wales

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1156-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla De Laurentis ◽  
Malcolm Eames ◽  
Miriam Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Network Building ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Actor Networks ◽  
End Use ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Context Specific

Combining insights from research on systems innovation and sustainable transitions with multi-level governance perspectives, this paper examines the ‘Arbed’ domestic housing retrofit programmes in Wales. In so doing, the paper demonstrates the critical role of sub-national government in the emergence of a distinctive sustainability-oriented pathway for domestic end-use energy demand reduction in Wales, and highlights the multi-level governance challenges involved. The governance processes contributing to this purposive transformation (e.g., policies and institutions; a ‘shared’ normative vision; network building; competencies, resource mobilisation, etc.) are illuminated and how they simultaneously cut across multiple spatial scales is discussed. Rather than simply viewing such transition arenas as simple sites of experimentation, the paper argues that sub-national sustainable energy transitions and pathways are shaped by pressures and opportunities that are mediated by unique place and context-specific conditions that exert influence on the mobilisation of resources, governance capabilities and actor-networks.

scholarly journals Design and testing of stability improvement of nine multi-level H-Inverter for distribution system

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Arulmurugan
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Dynamic Compensation ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Energy Compensation ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Solitary Phase ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Reference Input

<p class="Abstract">In this article, a solitary phase nine-level series connected H-Bridge powered by photovoltaic MPPT based SHAPF in view of basic controller is proposed. SRF is utilized for reference input current extraction and to create pulses for the SHAPF. The principle point of the cascaded bridge is to dispense harmonics, enhance power factor and reactive energy compensation of the single-phase distribution framework. The suggested control calculation has two parts, changing the load current into stationary reference outline directions and estimation of peak amplitude of load currents. Consequently, a basic and dependable controller effortlessly of execution was created. The calculation for single-phase SHAF is intending to perform with exact tracking performance under step changes in load currents and to give great dynamic compensation. In this article, synchronous reference theory PLL with Inverse-Park change is adopted for producing quadrature part of current. The execution of the control calculation is tried and assessed utilizing MATLAB/Simulink tool.</p>

scholarly journals Abraham Accords: A Journey from Arab-Israeli to Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
State Solution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Historical Moment

The western hype over Abraham Accords is evident from their exploitation of the overused phrase “historical moment” in international relations. A shift in Arab-Israeli relations has been stamped with the signing of Abraham Accords, whereby the Arab veto over the recognition of the Palestinian state, in return for Israeli recognition, is practically over. The unexpected shift of alliances in Middle East have defined new battle lines. Israel has joined forces with UAE, Bahrain, and Saudi Arabia – against perhaps Iran and Turkey. Despite the commitment to halt further settlements, Palestine is the ultimate victim. The two-state solution, in spirit, is all but buried. Comprehensive peace processes are multi-level and multi-layered and involve pragmatic efforts to build the widest consensus possible around a shared future. However, Abraham Accords lacks just that; it is both elitist and imposed. The paper is an attempt to explore the changing ground realities by exploring both history and the contemporary scenario. It examines both long-term and short-term impact of the accords on the stakeholders and the regional players.

Proactive Law as Competitive Advantage in Crowdfunding

2020 ◽  
pp. 861-881
Author(s):  
Jack Wroldsen
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Business Law ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Tax Efficiency

This chapter explains how the paradigm of proactive law as competitive advantage can help entrepreneurs succeed in crowdfunding campaigns. Business law scholars have developed theories of “proactive law” and “law as competitive advantage” to show how law can be transformed from an obstacle into a strategic business advantage. This chapter analyzes the evolving crowdfunding landscape through the lens of proactive law as competitive advantage. The chapter proposes several types of innovative securities designed to create competitive advantages in crowdfunding offerings. For example, one type would give crowdfunding investors long-term equity interests while simultaneously eliminating short-term corporate governance challenges for small crowdfunded companies. Apart from securities, the chapter also describes how a proactive approach to law can enhance crowdfunding campaigns in multiple areas, from intellectual property to tax efficiency. To conclude, the chapter suggests expanding the theory of proactive law as competitive advantage to additional areas of entrepreneurship, beyond crowdfunding.

Proactive Law as Competitive Advantage in Crowdfunding

2020 ◽  
pp. 1107-1127
Author(s):  
Jack Wroldsen
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Business Law ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Tax Efficiency

This chapter explains how the paradigm of proactive law as competitive advantage can help entrepreneurs succeed in crowdfunding campaigns. Business law scholars have developed theories of “proactive law” and “law as competitive advantage” to show how law can be transformed from an obstacle into a strategic business advantage. This chapter analyzes the evolving crowdfunding landscape through the lens of proactive law as competitive advantage. The chapter proposes several types of innovative securities designed to create competitive advantages in crowdfunding offerings. For example, one type would give crowdfunding investors long-term equity interests while simultaneously eliminating short-term corporate governance challenges for small crowdfunded companies. Apart from securities, the chapter also describes how a proactive approach to law can enhance crowdfunding campaigns in multiple areas, from intellectual property to tax efficiency. To conclude, the chapter suggests expanding the theory of proactive law as competitive advantage to additional areas of entrepreneurship, beyond crowdfunding.

Planning for Extreme Heat: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 06 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 2050003
Author(s):  
Ladd Keith ◽  
Sara Meerow ◽  
Tess Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Extreme Heat Events ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Heat Risk ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Building Heat ◽  
Governance Processes ◽  
Informational Barriers

Extreme heat is a growing concern for cities, with both climate change and the urban heat island (UHI) effect increasingly impacting public health, economies, urban infrastructure, and urban ecology. To better understand the current state of planning for extreme heat, we conducted a systematic literature review. We found that most of the research focuses on UHI mapping and modeling, while few studies delve into extreme heat planning and governance processes. An in-depth review of this literature reveals common institutional, policy, and informational barriers and strategies for overcoming them. Identified challenges include siloed heat governance and research that limit cross-governmental and interdisciplinary collaboration; complex, context-specific, and diverse heat resilience strategies; the need to combine extreme heat “risk management” strategies (focused on preparing and responding to extreme heat events) and “design of the built environment” strategies (spatial planning and design interventions that intentionally reduce urban temperatures); and the need for extensive, multidisciplinary data and tools that are often not readily available. These challenges point to several avenues for future heat planning research. Ultimately, we argue that planners have an important role to play in building heat resilience and conclude by identifying areas where scholars and practitioners can work together to advance our understanding of extreme heat planning.

scholarly journals The Secret to Getting Ahead Is Getting Started: Early Impacts of a Rural Development Project

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2644
Author(s):  
Alexandra Peralta ◽  
Scott Swinton ◽  
Songqing Jin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Household Savings ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Building Conservation ◽  
Grain Losses

Interventions in rural development projects vary in their likely time to impact. Some offer rapid payoffs after minimal learning and investment, while others offer larger payoffs but entail delays and may require learning or significant investment of labor and capital. Short-term impacts included reductions in stored grain losses due to improved silos and increase in household savings due to increased participation in savings groups. The least poor are most likely to invest labor and capital in slow-to-accrue payoffs like soil erosion abatement from building conservation structures. Our results suggest that targeting project interventions by asset level can enhance impacts.

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