scholarly journals Predicting Intensification on the Brazilian Agricultural Frontier: Combining Evidence from Lab-In-The-Field Experiments and Household Surveys

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Bragança ◽  
Avery Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Frontier ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Behavioral Determinants ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Combining Evidence ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Crop Agriculture

The expansion of crop agriculture onto low productivity cattle pastures in the agricultural frontier of Brazil is a form of agricultural intensification that can help to contribute to global food and climate goals. However, the amount of pasture to crop conversion in the region lags both agronomic and economic potential. We administered a survey in combination with a lab-in-the-field experiment to 559 farmers in Mato Grosso, Brazil. We used the results to explore behavioral determinants of pasture to crop conversion. We compared farmers choices across two rounds of a risk game meant to mimic the economic risk of decisions to convert pasture to crops. We found framing the risk game to concern agriculture profoundly altered subjects’ experimental choices. These discrepancies involved the majority of experimental subjects, and were highly heterogenous in nature. They were also somewhat predictive of subjects’ behavior converting pasture to cropland. Our findings indicate that farmers may make economic decisions involving agriculture and/or agricultural land differently from other economic decisions. Our finding is of relevance for research into the propensity of farmers to intensify and for policies seeking to influence rates of agricultural intensification.

Monitoring the pioneer frontier and agricultural intensification in Mato Grosso using SPOT vegetation images

2014 ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Vincent Dubreuil ◽  
Damien Arvor ◽  
Nathan Debortoli
Keyword(s):  
Nous Avons ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Mato Grosso

La production de soja a augmenté de manière considérable les dix dernières années au Mato Grosso, atteignant 17,9millions de tonnes en 2009 (contre 7,2 en 1998). Une telle expansion a eu de graves conséquences environnementales et socio-économiques, telles que la déforestation et l'urbanisation. L'objectif de cet article est de mettre en avant l'efficacité des techniques de télédétection et des indices qui en découlent, tels que le NDVI, pour analyser l'avancée des champs de soja au Mato Grosso ainsi que la transformation de l'agriculture dans cetÉtat. L'indice NDVI a été calculé à partir de séries mensuelles du capteur SPOT-Vegetation. Il a permis de trouver les zones cultivées et de surveiller la croissance des cultures. Il a aussi permis la détection des pratiques de gestion de double culture, qui se sont drastiquement accrues depuis quelques années. Les résultats ont montré une corrélation de 0,98 entre notre estimation des zones cultivées et les statistiques agricoles officielles de l'IBGE pour l'intégralité du Mato Grosso. Les séries temporelles de NDVI ont également confirmé l'augmentation des systèmes de double culture, représentant 30% des zones cultivées en 1999, 57% en 2006 et 67% en 2009. Cette évolution est un indicateur de la diversification de l'agriculture et de l'intensification des traitements dans cette région. En outre, la surveillance des grandes clairières récentes au niveau local (comté de Vera) a montré une réduction de l'écart entre trois états consécutifs conduisant à l'intensification des pratiques agricoles. En se fondant sur notre méthodologie, nous avons finalement proposé une classification des municipalités selon leurs modes d'usages du sol dominants.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic development and agricultural intensification in Mato Grosso

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1619) ◽  
pp. 20120168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah K. VanWey ◽  
Stephanie Spera ◽  
Rebecca de Sa ◽  
Dan Mahr ◽  
John F. Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Investments In Education

The Brazilian agro-industrial frontier in Mato Grosso rapidly expanded in total area of mechanized production and in total value of production in the last decade. This article shows the spatial pattern of that expansion from 2000 to 2010, based on novel analyses of satellite imagery. It then explores quantitatively and qualitatively the antecedents and correlates of intensification, the expansion of the area under two crops per year. Double cropping is most likely in areas with access to transportation networks, previous profitable agricultural production, and strong existing ties to national and international commodity markets. The article concludes with an exploration of the relationship between double cropping and socioeconomic development, showing that double cropping is strongly correlated with incomes of all residents of a community and with investments in education. We conclude that double cropping in Mato Grosso is very closely tied to multiple indicators of socioeconomic development.

scholarly journals Soil Carbon Transitions Supporting Climate Change Mitigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Kurniatun Hairiah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Soil Carbon Storage ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Supporting Soil ◽  
Change Mitigation

Maintaining and where feasible restoring soil carbon stocks is part of all sustainable development strategies that have a chance of meeting the global commitment of the Paris Agreement to contain global warming within a 1.5<sup>o</sup>C limit. Active policies to incentivize increased soil carbon storage require under­standing of the drivers of soil carbon decline, as well as the conditions under which soil management leads to an increase. Soil carbon transitions -- shifts from decline to increase of soil carbon stocks -- have been recorded as part of agricultural intensification. Organic inputs supporting soil carbon may primarily depend on roots, rather than aboveground inputs, and thus on the choice of crops, trees, and grasses that make up an agricultural land use system.

scholarly journals Agricultural land use and cover change in the Cerrado/Amazon ecotone: A case study of the upper Teles Pires River basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Sousa Rodrigues ZAIATZ ◽  
Cornélio Alberto ZOLIN ◽  
Laurimar Goncalves VENDRUSCULO ◽  
Tarcio Rocha LOPES ◽  
Janaina PAULINO
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Error Matrix ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Land Use And Cover

ABSTRACT The upper Teles Pires River basin is a key hydrological resource for the state of Mato Grosso, but has suffered rapid land use and cover change. The basin includes areas of Cerrado biome, as well as transitional areas between the Amazon and Cerrado vegetation types, with intensive large-scale agriculture widely-spread throughout the region. The objective of this study was to explore the spatial and temporal dynamics of land use and cover change from 1986 to 2014 in the upper Teles Pires basin using remote sensing and GIS techniques. TM (Thematic Mapper) and TIRS (Thermal Infrared Sensor) sensor images aboard the Landsat 5 and Landsat 8, respectively, were employed for supervised classification using the “Classification Workflow” in ENVI 5.0. To evaluate classification accuracy, an error matrix was generated, and the Kappa, overall accuracy, errors of omission and commission, user accuracy and producer accuracy indexes calculated. The classes showing greatest variation across the study period were “Agriculture” and “Rainforest”. Results indicated that deforested areas are often replaced by pasture and then by agriculture, while direct conversion of forest to agriculture occured less frequently. The indices with satisfactory accuracy levels included the Kappa and Global indices, which showed accuracy levels above 80% for all study years. In addition, the producer and user accuracy indices ranged from 59-100% and 68-100%, while the errors of omission and commission ranged from 0-32% and 0-40.6%, respectively.

scholarly journals Improve Pasture or Feed Grain? Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Profitability, and Resource Use for Nelore Beef Cattle in Brazil’s Cerrado and Amazon Biomes

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1386
Author(s):  
Luana Molossi ◽  
Aaron Kinyu Hoshide ◽  
Lorena Machado Pedrosa ◽  
André Soares de Oliveira ◽  
Daniel Carneiro de Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Extensive Grazing ◽  
Pasture Fertilization

Economic development, international food and feed demand, and government policies have converted Brazil’s natural ecosystems into agricultural land. The Integrated Farm System Model (IFSM) was evaluated using production, economic, and weather data collected on two cooperating farms in the Legal Amazon and Cerrado biomes in the Midwest state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Three sustainable agricultural intensification strategies, namely grain supplementation, pasture re-seeding, and pasture fertilization were simulated in IFSM with double the beef cattle stocking density compared to extensive grazing. Livestock dry matter consumption simulated in IFSM was similar for pasture grazing estimates and actual feed consumed by beef cattle on the two collaborating farms. Grain supplementation best balanced beef production and profitability with lower carbon footprint compared to extensive grazing, followed by pasture fertilization and pasture re-seeding. However, pasture re-seeding and fertilization had greater use of water and energy and more nitrogen losses. Human edible livestock feed use was greatest for grain supplementation compared to other modeled systems. While grain supplementation appears more favorable economically and environmentally, greater use of human edible livestock feed may compete with future human food needs. Pasture intensification had greater human edible feed conversion efficiency, but its greater natural resource use may be challenging.

scholarly journals Population Growth and Insecticide Residues of Honey Bees in Tropical Agricultural Landscapes

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damayanti Buchori ◽  
Akhmad Rizali ◽  
Windra Priawandiputra ◽  
Dewi Sartiami ◽  
Midzon Johannis
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Home Garden

Global decline of pollinators, especially bees, has been documented in many countries. Several causes such as land-use change and agricultural intensification are reported to be the main drivers of the decline. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of land use on honey bee and stingless bee populations. Research was conducted in Bogor and Malang to compare between two different geographical areas. Managed bees such as honey bees (Apis cerana and A. mellifera) and stingless bees (Tetragonula laeviceps) were investigated to examine the effect of agricultural intensification. Field experiments were conducted by placing beehives in selected habitats (i.e., beekeeper gardens, forests areas, and agriculture areas). Population growth and neonicotinoid residue analysis of bees in different hive locations were measured to study the effect of habitat type. Population growth of bees represents the forager abundance and colony weight. Based on the analysis, we found that habitat type affected forager abundance and colony weight of honey bees (p < 0.05), although the patterns were different between species, region, as well as season. Forests could support the stingless bee colony better than agriculture and home garden habitats. Insecticide (neonicotinoid) was barely recorded in both honey bees and stingless bees.

Phosphorus chemical changes under soils over a period of agricultural intensification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Tweedie ◽  
Philip M. Haygarth ◽  
Anthony Edwards ◽  
Allan Lilly ◽  
Nikki Baggaley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Over Time

&lt;p&gt;The use of phosphorus (P) fertilizer has been one of the defining contributors to productive agriculture since the green revolution during the middle of the last century. However, these increased yields have come at the cost of dependency upon the declining resources of P rock reserves and eutrophication of water bodies downstream. In this context, it is important to understand the long-term effects of these P fertilizer additions on soil chemistry over ~50 years in order explain past and current patterns in fertilizer usage and so to better inform future soil management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We tested the hypothesis that phosphorus forms and availability in mixed use (arable and grazed) agricultural soil have changed over a period of 50 to 80 years of agricultural intensification. Spatially matched samples of soil from 34 agricultural sites in North East (NE) Scotland were collected at two timepoints. The first samples were taken between 1951 and 1981 and in all cases the resampling took place in the autumn of 2017. The soils sampled were representative of agricultural soils in NE Scotland.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The hypothesis was tested by employing a range of soil tests on the &amp;#8216;old&amp;#8217; and &amp;#8216;new&amp;#8217; time points.&amp;#160; These included water extraction for inorganic and organic P, nitrate and ammonium and dissolved organic carbon, acid ammonium oxalate extraction to investigate the soil P exchange complex and NaOH-EDTA extraction as a strong alkaline extractant which preserves organic P forms. Analysis by &lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt;P NMR was conducted on the NaOH-EDTA extracts from 5 pairs of samples, to investigate the organic P chemistry of in greater detail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Phosphorus concentrations for stronger extractants (NaOH-EDTA, acid ammonium oxalate) did not increase significantly (P&lt;0.05) over time. However, water extraction results showed increases in total P (P&lt;0.01) and inorganic P but decreases in organic P. Additionally, analysis by &lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt;P NMR detected changes between timepoints in &amp;#945;-glycero-phosphate and pyrophosphate.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;These results indicate that differences in the various chemical forms of P present in soil between the timepoints can be detected many decades apart. This indicates changes in the functioning of the P cycle in these soils under intensive agricultural land use over time. Knowledge of the P-cycling response of soils under agricultural land-use over decades provides an opportunity to understand changes in soil nutrient concentrations, balances and availability and inform studies seeking to improve the sustainable management of soil fertility.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Classifying multiyear agricultural land use data from Mato Grosso using time-series MODIS vegetation index data

2013 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Christopher Brown ◽  
Jude H. Kastens ◽  
Alexandre Camargo Coutinho ◽  
Daniel de Castro Victoria ◽  
Christopher R. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Index Data
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