scholarly journals Early Response of Soil Properties under Different Restoration Strategies in Tropical Hotspot

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Katarzyna A. Koryś ◽  
Agnieszka E. Latawiec ◽  
Maiara S. Mendes ◽  
Jerônimo B. B. Sansevero ◽  
Aline F. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
The Impact

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest has undergone adverse land-use change due to deforestation for urbanization and agriculture. Numerous restoration initiatives have been taken to restore its ecosystem services. Deforested areas have been restored through active intervention or natural regeneration. Understanding the impact of those different reforestation approaches on soil quality should provide important scientific and practical conclusions on increasing forest cover in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome. However, studies evaluating active planting versus natural regeneration in terms of soil recovery are scarce. We evaluate soil dynamics under those two contrasting strategies at an early stage (<10 years). Reforestation was conducted simultaneously on degraded lands previously used for cattle grazing and compared to an abandoned pasture as a reference system. We examined soil physicochemical properties such as: pH, soil organic matter content, soil moisture, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, Al, and soil texture. We also present the costs of both methods. We found significant differences in restored areas regarding pH, Na, Fe, Mn content, and the cost. Soil moisture was significantly higher in pasture. Our research can contribute to better decision-making about which restoration strategy to adopt to maximize restoration success regarding soil quality and ecosystem services in the tropics.

scholarly journals The role of natural regeneration to ecosystem services provision and habitat availability: a case study in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Biotropica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 890-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo B. N. Strassburg ◽  
Felipe S. M. Barros ◽  
Renato Crouzeilles ◽  
Alvaro Iribarrem ◽  
Juliana Silveira dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Habitat Availability ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest

scholarly journals How Changes in Legally Demanded Forest Restoration Impact Ecosystem Services: A Case Study in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 194008291988288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor A. C. Rosário ◽  
João C. Guimarães ◽  
Ricardo A. G. Viani
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Forest Code ◽  
The Impact

The recent change in Brazilian laws reduced the amount of area that is set aside for native vegetation restoration in rural private properties. However, we lack estimates of its impacts on the provisioning of key ecosystem services at local scales. Therefore, in a microwatershed in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest hot spot, we quantified the impact of the change from the Forest Code (1965) to the Native Vegetation Protection Law in Brazil (2012) on future native forest cover, biomass carbon stocks, and soil loss and sedimentation. We analyzed three scenarios: (a) the land use and cover as of 2016, (b) the Forest Code, 1965, and (c) the Native Vegetation Protection Law, 2012. In each scenario, we modeled soil loss and sedimentation (InVEST, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) and calculated the carbon stocks. The 2012 law implementation would increase forest cover (15.6%), decrease soil sedimentation (1.12%) and loss (1.13%), and increase carbon stock (5.4%). However, compared to the Forest Code, it would reduce the area for restoration and the potential for native forest cover growth, increase soil loss and sedimentation potential, and limit increases in carbon stocks at the landscape level. In both restoration scenarios, the potential percent increase in forest cover in the microwatershed owing to the laws is higher than the percent decrease in soil loss and sedimentation. These findings have the potential to elucidate the effect of laws on ecosystem services and be useful to those planning the creation, modification, and implementation of laws for forest restoration in private properties.

scholarly journals Combining regional to local restoration goals in the Brazilian Atlantic forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassia M.G. Lemos ◽  
Pedro R. Andrade ◽  
Ricardo R. Rodrigues ◽  
Leticia Hissa ◽  
Ana P. D. Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
The Cost

AbstractTo achieve regional and international large-scale restoration goals with minimum costs, several restoration commitments rely on natural regeneration, a passive and inexpensive strategy. However, natural regeneration potential may vary within the landscape, mainly due to its historical context. In this work, we use spatially explicit restoration scenarios to explore how and where, within a given region, multiple restoration commitments could be combined to achieve cost-effectiveness outcomes. Our goal is to facilitate the elaboration of forest restoration plans at the regional level, taking into consideration the costs for active and passive restoration methods. The approach includes (1) a statistical analysis to estimate the natural regeneration potential for a given area based on alternative sets of biophysical, land cover, and/or socioeconomic factors and (2) the use of a land change allocation model to explore the cost-effectiveness of combining multiple restoration commitments in a given area through alternative scenarios. We test our approach in a strategic region in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Biome, the Paraiba Valley in São Paulo State. Using the available data for 2011, calibrated for 2015, we build alternative scenarios for allocating natural regeneration until 2025. Our models indicate that the natural regeneration potential of the region is actually very low, and the cost-effectiveness outcomes are similar for all scenarios. We believe our approach can be used to support the regional-level decision-making about the implementation of multiple commitments aiming at the same target area. It can also be combined with other approaches for more refined analysis (e.g., optimization models).

scholarly journals Effects of roads, topography, and land use on forest cover dynamics in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2010 ◽  
Vol 259 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone R. Freitas ◽  
Todd J. Hawbaker ◽  
Jean Paul Metzger
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Forest cover, extinction thresholds and time lags in woody plants (Myrtaceae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: resources for conservation

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 3141-3163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dary Moreira Gonçalves Rigueira ◽  
Pedro Luís Bernardo da Rocha ◽  
Eduardo Mariano-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest

scholarly journals Urban expansion in the Atlantic Forest: applying the Nature Futures Framework to develop a conceptual model and future scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Cavalcanti Lembi ◽  
Cecilia Cronemberger ◽  
Caroline Picharillo ◽  
Sheina Koffler ◽  
Pedro H. Albuquerque Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: The Atlantic Forest is an important hotspot of biodiversity and ecosystem services that contributes to the well-being of its 125 million human inhabitants, about three quarters of the Brazilian population. In the coming decades, forecasts show that urban areas in the Atlantic Forest will grow at the expense of natural ecosystems, leading to increasing pressure on biodiversity and ecosystem services. We used the Nature Futures Framework (NFF) for envisioning positive scenarios for cities in the Atlantic Forest. First, we developed a conceptual model based on the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) approach to describe consequences of urban growth for the three NFF perspectives: Nature for Society, Nature for Nature and Nature as Culture. Second, we proposed scenario storylines that encompass multiple social-ecological values of nature and could be used by policy makers to plan desirable futures for the Atlantic Forest. Then, we discussed the impact of distinct policies on these values, identifying the different ways in which the management of urban green and blue spaces, natural ecosystems, and urban densities can lead to different social-ecological outcomes. We further detail the complexity, trade-offs, and synergies regarding city development, nature conservation, and human well-being in this tropical hotspot. Applying NFF can contribute to the ongoing debate regarding urban sustainability, by providing an interdisciplinary and integrative approach that explicitly incorporates multiple values of nature and the visualization of positive futures.

Payment for ecosystem services programs in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: Effective but not enough

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia G.C. Ruggiero ◽  
Jean Paul Metzger ◽  
Leandro Reverberi Tambosi ◽  
Elizabeth Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Payment For Ecosystem Services

scholarly journals First report of Gongylonema sp. in a free ranging callitrichid from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-781
Author(s):  
A.R. Oliveira ◽  
T.D. Souza ◽  
M.C. Flecher ◽  
C.H. Gardiner ◽  
R.L. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Epithelial Layer ◽  
Juvenile Male ◽  
First Report ◽  
Histological Processing ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Callithrix Geoffroyi

ABSTRACT This is the first report of parasitism by Gongylonema sp. in a free-ranging callitrichid from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. A juvenile male of Geoffroy's marmoset (Callithrix geoffroyi) was euthanized due to poor prognosis, then necropsied. Samples of the tongue were collected for routine histological processing. Microscopically, there were transversal sections of adult nematodes within the epithelial layer of the mucosa of the tongue. Lingual scraping demonstrated a small number of oval embryonated eggs with a thick capsule. The morphology of the adult parasites and the eggs, associated with its location, were compatible with the Spirurida nematode of the genus Gongylonema. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of this parasite on free-ranging callitrichid populations.

When phylogeography meets niche suitability to unravel the evolutionary history of a shrub from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Geraldo Mäder ◽  
Priscilla M Zamberlan ◽  
Ana Lucia A Segatto ◽  
João R Stehmann ◽  
Sandro L Bonatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Pleistocene Climate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Demographic Methods ◽  
Climate Influences ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF) is one of the most impacted biomes in the world, and in this region, there are several examples of the effects of Pleistocene climate changes among the species found there. Athenaea fasciculata (Solanaceae) is a forest component distributed mainly throughout the BAF extension. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of A. fasciculata based on plastid and nuclear markers, aiming to better understand the impact of Pleistocene climate changes on BAF vegetation. We used population genetics, demographic methods and ecological niche modelling coupled to an evolutionary approach to describe the species distribution across time. The phylogeographic analysis of A. fasciculata indicated that Pleistocene climate changes played an important role in its evolution. The species is structured in two groups of populations that emerged from different refugia and were under different climate influences, supporting previously proposed connections between the Atlantic and Amazon Forests, the two most important Neotropical rainforests.

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