scholarly journals Combining Tree Species Composition and Understory Coverage Indicators with Optimization Techniques to Address Concerns with Landscape-Level Biodiversity

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Brigite Botequim ◽  
Miguel N. Bugalho ◽  
Ana Raquel Rodrigues ◽  
Susete Marques ◽  
Marco Marto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Management Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Landscape Level

Sustainable forest management needs to address biodiversity conservation concerns. For that purpose, forest managers need models and indicators that may help evaluate the impact of management options on biodiversity under the uncertainty of climate change scenarios. In this research we explore the potential for designing mosaics of stand-level forest management models to address biodiversity conservation objectives on a broader landscape-level. Our approach integrates (i) an effective stand-level biodiversity indicator that reflect tree species composition, stand age, and understory coverage under divergent climate conditions; and (ii) linear programming optimization techniques to guide forest actors in seeing optimal forest practices to safeguard future biodiversity. Emphasis is on the efficiency and effectiveness of an approach to help assess the impact of forest management planning on biodiversity under scenarios of climate change. Results from a resource capability model are discussed for an application to a large-scale problem encompassing 14,765 ha, extending over a 90-years planning horizon and considering two local-climate scenarios. They highlight the potential of the approach to help assess the impact of both stand and landscape-level forest management models on biodiversity conservation goals. They demonstrate further that the approach provides insights about how climate change, timber demand and wildfire resistance may impact plans that target the optimization of biodiversity values. The set of optimized long-term solutions emphasizes a multifunctional forest that guarantees a desirable local level of biodiversity and resilience to wildfires, while providing a balanced production of wood over time at the landscape scale.

Anthropogene Klimaveränderung, Sukzessionsprozesse und forstwirtschaftliche Optionen | Anthropogenic Climate Change, Successional Processes and Forest Management Options

1999 ◽  
Vol 150 (8) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Bugmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Anthropogenic Changes ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Biomass Storage ◽  
Simulation Results

Anthropogenic changes of the climate have the potential to significantly affect forests in the coming century. In this paper, methods for assessing the impacts of such changes are reviewed, and mathematical models are used to evaluate possible changes of the tree species composition and biomass storage of Swiss forests. The simulation results are discussed from an ecological as well as from a forestry perspective.

scholarly journals Long-term response of forest productivity to climate change is mostly driven by change in tree species composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Morin ◽  
Lorenz Fahse ◽  
Hervé Jactel ◽  
Michael Scherer-Lorenzen ◽  
Raúl García-Valdés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Productivity ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Term Response

Long-term effects of stump removal and tree species composition on the diversity and structure of soil fungal communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dixi Modi ◽  
Suzanne Simard ◽  
Jean Bérubé ◽  
Les Lavkulich ◽  
Richard Hamelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Stump removal is a common forest management practice used to reduce the mortality of trees affected by the fungal pathogen-mediated root disease, Armillaria root rot, but the impact of stumping on soil fungal community structure is not well understood. This study analyzed the long-term impact of stumping and tree species composition on the abundance, diversity and taxonomic composition of soil fungal communities using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) marker-based DNA metabarcoding in a 48-year-old trial at Skimikin, British Columbia. A total of 108 samples were collected from FH (fermented and humus layers), and soil mineral horizons (A and B) from stumped and unstumped plots of six tree species treatments (pure stands and admixtures of Douglas-fir, western red-cedar and paper birch). Fungal α-diversity in the A horizon significantly increased with stumping regardless of tree species composition, while β-diversity was significantly affected by stumping in all the horizons. We also observed that the relative abundance of the saprotrophic fungal community declined while that of the ectomycorrhizal fungal community increased with stumping. In conclusion, increase in ectomycorrhizal fungal associations, which are positively associated with tree productivity, suggests that stumping can be considered a good management practice for mitigating root disease and promoting tree regeneration.

scholarly journals Nitrogen deposition and climate change effects on tree species composition and ecosystem services for a forest cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. e01345 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Van Houtven ◽  
Jennifer Phelan ◽  
Christopher Clark ◽  
Robert D. Sabo ◽  
John Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Climate Change Effects

scholarly journals Stand structure indices as tools to support forest management: an application in Trentino forests (Italy)

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pastorella ◽  
A. Paletto
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
North East

Stand structure and species diversity are two useful parameters to provide a synthetic measure of forest biodiversity. The stand structure is spatial distribution, mutual position, diameter and height differentiation of trees in a forest ecosystem and it highly influences habitat and species diversity. The forest stand and species diversity can be measured through indices that provide important information to better address silvicultural practices and forest management strategies in the short and long-term period. These indices can be combined in a composite index in order to evaluate the complex diversity at the stand level. The aim of the paper is to identify and to test a complex index (S-index) allowing to take into account both the tree species composition and the stand structure. S-index was applied in a case study in the north-east of Italy (Trentino province). The results show that the Norway spruce forests in Trentino province are characterized by a medium-low level of complexity (S-index is in a range between 0.14 and 0.46) due to a low tree species composition rather than to the stand structure (diametric differentiation and spatial distribution of trees).  

scholarly journals Impacts of Human Activities on Tree Species Composition Along the Forest Savanna Boundary in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiana Ndidi Egbinola
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study investigated the tree species composition along the forest-savanna boundary in Oyo state of Nigeria with the aim of assessing the impact of human activities on the floristic composition. A transect was placed along the study area and species data was collected from quadrats placed in study plots within different study sites. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) was used to determine vegetation assemblages, while both correlation and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to show the relationship between species in the different study sites. Results of the DCA revealed three species assemblages, an area with only forest species, another with only savanna species and a third with both forest/savanna species. ANOVA results further revealed that within the forest and savanna assemblages, species in mature and successional sites were alike. The study therefore revealed that human activities’ within the region is leading to the establishment of savanna species and an elimination of forest species.

scholarly journals How Can Litter Modify the Fluxes of CO2 and CH4 from Forest Soils? A Mini-Review

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1276
Author(s):  
Anna Walkiewicz ◽  
Adrianna Rafalska ◽  
Piotr Bulak ◽  
Andrzej Bieganowski ◽  
Bruce Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
The Impact

Forests contribute strongly to global carbon (C) sequestration and the exchange of greenhouse gases (GHG) between the soil and the atmosphere. Whilst the microbial activity of forest soils is a major determinant of net GHG exchange, this may be modified by the presence of litter through a range of mechanisms. Litter may act as a physical barrier modifying gas exchange, water movement/retention and temperature/irradiance fluctuations; provide a source of nutrients for microbes; enhance any priming effects, and facilitate macro-aggregate formation. Moreover, any effects are influenced by litter quality and regulated by tree species, climatic conditions (rainfall, temperature), and forest management (clear-cutting, fertilization, extensive deforestation). Based on climate change projections, the importance of the litter layer is likely to increase due to an litter increase and changes in quality. Future studies will therefore have to take into account the effects of litter on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes for various types of forests globally, including the impact of climate change, insect infestation, and shifts in tree species composition, as well as a better understanding of its role in monoterpene production, which requires the integration of microbiological studies conducted on soils in different climatic zones.

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