scholarly journals Influence of the Changes in Land-Use and Land Cover on Temperature over Northern and North-Eastern India

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Sridhara Nayak ◽  
Suman Maity ◽  
Kuvar S. Singh ◽  
Hara Prasad Nayak ◽  
Soma Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern India

This study explores the influence of land-use and land cover (LULC) changes on the temperature over North India (NI) and North-Eastern India (NEI) during 1981–2006 by subtracting the reanalysis temperature from the observed temperature (observation minus reanalysis (OMR) method). The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data of the AVHRR satellite for the period 1981–2006 were analyzed to understand the type of LULC changes during this period and their linkage with the temperature change over the two regions. The results from OMR indicated that the LULC change over NI during 1981–2006 resulted a warming of 0.03 °C, and that of NEI during this period resulted a cooling of 1.5 °C. The results from LULC changes during the said period indicated an increase of dry land/snow cover and agriculture/fallow land by ~0.1% of total area and a decrease of shrubs/small vegetation and dense forest over NI by about 0.1–0.2%. Over NEI, the areas under agricultural/fallow land, open forest and dense forest showed an increase by about 0.8–2.4% during this period, and the areas under dry/snow cover and shrubs/small vegetation indicated a decrease by ~0.7–3.6%. The comparison between the OMR analysis and LULC changes indicated that the warming over NI during 1981–2006 is due to the expansion of the dry land and the decline of dense forest. On the other hand, the cooling over NEI during the period is attributed to the decline of non-vegetated/small vegetated lands and the expansion of agricultural land/forest covers in that period. This study has an overall implication towards the modeling studies for the impact assessment of LULC changes in the present as well as future climate.

scholarly journals Geospatial analysis of wetlands based on land use/land cover dynamics using remote sensing and GIS in Sindh, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110261
Author(s):  
Hamza Islam ◽  
Habibuulah Abbasi ◽  
Ahmed Karam ◽  
Ali Hassan Chughtai ◽  
Mansoor Ahmed Jiskani
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Manchar Lake

In this study, the Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) change has been observed in wetlands comprises of Manchar Lake, Keenjhar Lake, and Chotiari Reservoir in Pakistan over the last four decades from 1972 to 2020. Each wetland has been categorized into four LULC classes; water, natural vegetation, agriculture land, and dry land. Multitemporal Landsat satellite data including; Multi-Spectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM), and Operational Land Imager (OLI) images were used for LULC changes evaluation. The Supervised Maximum-likelihood classifier method is used to acquire satellite imagery for detecting the LULC changes during the whole study period. Soil adjusted vegetation index technique (SAVI) was also used to reduce the effects of soil brightness values for estimating the actual vegetation cover of each study site. Results have shown the significant impact of human activities on freshwater resources by changing the natural ecosystem of wetlands. Change detection analysis showed that the impacts on the land cover affect the landscape of the study area by about 40% from 1972 to 2020. The vegetation cover of Manchar Lake and Keenjhar Lake has been decreased by 6,337.17 and 558.18 ha, respectively. SAVI analysis showed that soil profile is continuously degrading which vigorously affects vegetation cover within the study area. The overall classification accuracy and Kappa statistics showed an accuracy of >90% for all LULC mapping studies. This work demonstrates the LULC changes as a critical monitoring basis for ongoing analyses of changes in land management to enable decision-makers to establish strategies for effectively using land resources.

scholarly journals Assessment of Land use /Land cover changes using Landsat data series: A case study of Chandauli district

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-305
Author(s):  
Kaushalendra Prakash Goswami ◽  
◽  
Sushil Kumar Yadav ◽  
Himanshu Shekher ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Classi Cation

The rapid growth of population, urbanization, economic activities and natural phenomena have affected and simultaneously changed the land use land cover pattern. The main aim of this study is to gain a quantitative understanding of land use land cover changes in Chandauli district from 2000 to 2019. The maximum likelihood supervised classication in ERDAS imagine and ARC GIS software is applied in this study for the preparation of land use land cover maps and analysis of the pattern of land cover through satellite data for the years 2000, 2010 and 2019. The classication of land use land cover is divided into nine major classes i.e. water bodies, sand, cropland, built-up land, fallow land, wasteland, dense forest, open forest and scrub forest. Change detection analysis was also included in this analysis. The general pattern of LULC in this area includes an expansion of Fallow land (18.31 per cent), built-up land (13.43 per cent), open forest and water bodies as well as a reduction in the wasteland (12.59 percent) and dense forest areas in the reference period (2000-2019). The result also indicates that the dominating forest cover exists in southern Chandauli district. The mapping of land use land cover classes is also helpful in the study of change detection and natural resource management.

scholarly journals MONITORING AND PREDICTING LAND USE-LAND COVER (LULC) CHANGES WITHIN AND AROUND KRAU WILDLIFE RESERVE (KWR) PROTECTED AREA IN MALAYSIA USING MULTI-TEMPORAL LANDSAT DATA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibrin Gambo ◽  
Helmi Zulhaidi Mohd Shafri ◽  
Nur Shafira Nisa Shaharum ◽  
Fauzul Azim Zainal Abidin ◽  
Mohd Taufik Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
Wildlife Reserve

Natural and anthropogenic activities surrounding a Protected Area (PA) may cause its natural area to change in terms of Land Use-Land Cover (LULC). Thus, there is need of environmental change monitoring within and around PA because of its significant values to ecosystem at conservation scales. Effects and influences of local community within and around PA turn into the major problems for natural resource and conservations management as well as environmental impact assessment. Ascertaining the complex interface in relations to changes and its driving factors over period of time within and around PA is significant in order to predict future LULC changes, build alternative scenarios and serve as tools for decision making.  The main objective of this work was to evaluate temporal change detection and prediction of LULC as well as the trends of changes from 1989 to 2016 within and around Krau Wildlife Reserve (KWR).  The cloud issues were mitigated by producing cloud free image and object-based image analysis (OBIA) was adopted after a comparison with pixel-based analysis for overall accuracy and kappa statistics. The comparison of classified maps had produced a satisfactory results of overall accuracies of 91%, 86% and 90% for 1989, 2004 and 2016 respectively. The natural/dense forest between periods of 1989-2016 was decreased whereas built-up and agricultural/sparse forest were increased. The simulation model of Land Change Modeler (LCM) was utilized with digital elevation model (DEM) and past LULC maps to project future LULC pattern using Markov chain. The predicted map trend showed an increase of dense forest converted to agricultural/sparse forest in the north-western, and urban/built-up in east-southern part of KWR. The study is important for the conservation of habitat species and monitoring the current status of the KWR

Risk factors associated with hepatitis B virus disease in different states of North Eastern India and their distribution

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 756-761
Author(s):  
Namrata Kumari ◽  
Priyanka Kashyap ◽  
Snigdha Saikia ◽  
Kangkana Kataki ◽  
Subhash Medhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern India

Problems of the modern society and ethnic separatism in North-Eastern India (NER)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-328
Author(s):  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Resource Search ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern India

This article deals with the issue of North-Eastern India, its current social and economic problems in the context of long-term demonstrations of the ethnic separatism. The main aim of the research implies systematic analysis and identification of key factors and reasons perpetuating separatism in NER as well as resource search which determines Indian strategy in solving this problem. The first part of the article is devoted to separatism peculiarities in the region which remains withdrawn and underexplored in many respects. Apart from this, the author provides a quite detailed analysis of negative mentality of the certain part of NER population which justifiably reproaches New Delhi for “discrimination” and inability to solve many problems of the region. Then the author paid the detailed attention to these problems of NER modern society (ethnic, demographic, economic, transport, social etc.) as well as measures undertaken by the Indian government for its settlement.

scholarly journals Investigating impact of land-use and land cover changes on hydro-ecological balance using GIS: insights from IIT Bombay, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Srivastava ◽  
Pennan Chinnasamy
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
Ecological Balance ◽  
Lulc Changes

AbstractThe present study, for the first time, examined land-use land cover (LULC), changes using GIS, between 2000 and 2018 for the IIT Bombay campus, India. Objective was to evaluate hydro-ecological balance inside campus by determining spatio-temporal disparity between hydrological parameters (rainfall-runoff processes), ecological components (forest, vegetation, lake, barren land), and anthropogenic stressors (urbanization and encroachments). High-resolution satellite imageries were generated for the campus using Google Earth Pro, by manual supervised classification method. Rainfall patterns were studied using secondary data sources, and surface runoff was estimated using SCS-CN method. Additionally, reconnaissance surveys, ground-truthing, and qualitative investigations were conducted to validate LULC changes and hydro-ecological stability. LULC of 2018 showed forest, having an area cover of 52%, as the most dominating land use followed by built-up (43%). Results indicated that the area under built-up increased by 40% and playground by 7%. Despite rapid construction activities, forest cover and Powai lake remained unaffected. This anomaly was attributed to the drastically declining barren land area (up to ~ 98%) encompassing additional construction activities. Sustainability of the campus was demonstrated with appropriate measures undertaken to mitigate negative consequences of unwarranted floods owing to the rise of 6% in the forest cover and a decline of 21% in water hyacinth cover over Powai lake. Due to this, surface runoff (~ 61% of the rainfall) was observed approximately consistent and being managed appropriately despite major alterations in the LULC. Study concluded that systematic campus design with effective implementation of green initiatives can maintain a hydro-ecological balance without distressing the environmental services.

scholarly journals Land Use and Land Cover Change Assessment in the Context of Flood Hazard in Lagos State, Nigeria

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1105
Author(s):  
Dorcas Idowu ◽  
Wendy Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Cover Type ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Cover Type ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Very High

Incessant flooding is a major hazard in Lagos State, Nigeria, occurring concurrently with increased urbanization and urban expansion rate. Consequently, there is a need for an assessment of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes over time in the context of flood hazard mapping to evaluate the possible causes of flood increment in the State. Four major land cover types (water, wetland, vegetation, and developed) were mapped and analyzed over 35 years in the study area. We introduced a map-matrix-based, post-classification LULC change detection method to estimate multi-year land cover changes between 1986 and 2000, 2000 and 2016, 2016 and 2020, and 1986 and 2020. Seven criteria were identified as potential causative factors responsible for the increasing flood hazards in the study area. Their weights were estimated using a combined (hybrid) Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Shannon Entropy weighting method. The resulting flood hazard categories were very high, high, moderate, low, and very low hazard levels. Analysis of the LULC change in the context of flood hazard suggests that most changes in LULC result in the conversion of wetland areas into developed areas and unplanned development in very high to moderate flood hazard zones. There was a 69% decrease in wetland and 94% increase in the developed area during the 35 years. While wetland was a primary land cover type in 1986, it became the least land cover type in 2020. These LULC changes could be responsible for the rise in flooding in the State.

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