scholarly journals Adaptive Probabilistic Flooding for Information Hovering in VANETs

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Xeros ◽  
Taqwa Saeed ◽  
Marios Lestas ◽  
Maria Andreou ◽  
Cristiano M. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Set Design ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
The Road ◽  
Network Applications ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Probabilistic Flooding

Information hovering is an information dissemination concept over a mobile set of peers which has not been investigated to the extent that other information dissemination paradigms have. It naturally appears in many vehicular network applications where information must be made available to vehicles within a confined geographical area for during some time period. One elementary strategy is to flood the area with data. Even in this case, some vehicles may never receive the content due to potential partitions created by low traffic density. In order to address this issue, in this work we propose a strategy based on epidemic routing in the hovering area, and probabilistic flooding outside it. Vehicles outside the hovering area serve as bridges towards partitions, leading to high reachability. We highlight the adaptive feature of the protocol, where the rebroadcast probability in partitions is adaptively regulated based on estimates of the density of vehicles in the hovering area. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in VISSIM, using as the reference model in all simulation experiments a section of the road network in cities of Washington. The proposed protocol is shown to achieve the set design goals.

Probabilistic Information Dissemination in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 233-256
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Arrival Rate ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Broadcast Storm ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Probabilistic Flooding

Many of the applications in VANETs, especially the safety related ones, set up requirements for information dissemination which are different from conventional networks and are thus difficult to fulfill with existing strategies. In this chapter, we review recently proposed data dissemination schemes in VANETs and we present novel solutions and analytical evaluation tools. We focus on the use of probabilistic methods as these are known to provide effective solutions and at the same time address the highly stochastic nature of many of the processes involved in VANETs. We present a short range multi-hop broadcast scheme which employs speed adaptive probabilistic flooding to overcome the broadcast storm problem in the case of high traffic density, a hovering scheme which employs probabilistic flooding to overcome the intermittently connected nature of the network within the hovering area and finally, we establish analytically lower bounds on the probability of information propagation at an intersection taking into account the vehicle speeds and the traffic density which is reflected in the vehicle arrival rate.

A New Highway Safety Model Based on Cellular Automata

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 2340-2343
Author(s):  
Li Xing Li
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Conservation Law ◽  
Highway Safety ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Right ◽  
Energy Conservation Law

With the growth of the total mileage of highway. There is great importance in studying highway safety. At the present time, there are little research on traffic safety with the consideration of the Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule, which requires drivers to drive in the right-most lane unless they are passing another vehicle. Based on Cellular Automata, this paper constructs a new model of highway safety with the consideration of the particular Rule. To evaluate the safety of the road, the model proposes a new index based on energy conservation law. After the simulation, the result shows the best traffic density to balance the safety and traffic flux is 20.1133veh/km.

Railway Bridges Identification Techniques

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Garibaldi ◽  
Luigi Bregant ◽  
Claudio Valente ◽  
Fabio Brancaleoni ◽  
Giuseppe Catania
Keyword(s):  
Reference Model ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Random Excitation ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Railway Bridges ◽  
The Road ◽  
Alternative Techniques ◽  
Road Surface Roughness ◽  
Output Only ◽  
Identification Techniques

Output-only methodologies are nowadays well established to extract modal parameters in many areas of engineering, such as civil, mechanical and aeronautical. In the past, civil engineering tests have been mainly developed for road bridges, with the vehicle passage over the bridge deck representing the main source of excitation with some contribution given by the ambient noise. In the road bridge cases, the excitation is considered to be a function of the road surface roughness, the vehicles speed, the weight and suspension vehicles characteristics, and also the random access of the vehicles over the bridge, whilst for the railway case, not all these issues are correctly addressed, and other characteristics rise-up, possibly advantageous for a correct identification process; to demonstrate this statement, we can bear in mind how the random access of the vehicles becomes meaningless for railway bridges, the single train being a quasi deterministic source; furthermore, the influence of the train weight should be considered if compared to usual road vehicles. Since output-only techniques are conceived for random excitation noise, their use in these conditions is considerably stressed and special care, or alternative techniques, has to be considered to avoid errors. In this sense, the bridge reference model becomes more important and some special techniques have to be developed.

scholarly journals The road beyond licensing: the impact of a driver licensing support program on employment outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobby Porykali ◽  
Patricia Cullen ◽  
Kate Hunter ◽  
Kris Rogers ◽  
Melissa Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Support Program ◽  
The Road ◽  
Regional Area ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Driver Licensing

Abstract Background With increasingly tough graduated driver licensing laws in all Australian States and Territories, driver licensing support programs are recognised as being important to support Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to obtain a driver licence. Such programs appear to improve licensing attainment rates, but few studies have examined the broader impact that these programs can have. This research aims to 1) examine the impact of a New South Wales (NSW) based driver licensing support program (Driving Change) on client employment outcomes; 2) assess the influence of geographical area of program delivery on driver licence attainment. Methods Driving Change was delivered from February 2013 to August 2016 in 4 urban and 7 regional Aboriginal communities of NSW. Clients were followed-up at 6 months or more following contact with the program as part of routine program operations. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used to analyse data. Results From 933 clients contacted 254 agreed to provide feedback, a response rate of 27%. Those that responded were mostly female (57%), aged 24 years and under (72%), unemployed (85%) with secondary education or less (71%) and from a regional area (74%). Adjusted logistic regression indicated that clients who achieved an independent licence were more likely (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.22–5.24, p = 0.011) of reporting a new job or change in job than those who did not attain a licence. Clients from regional areas were more likely (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.27–2.33, p < 0.001) to gain an independent licence than those from urban areas. There was no difference in employment outcomes (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 0.53–2.52, p = 0.719) for clients from urban compared to regional areas. Conclusion The Driving Change program appears to be effective in improving employment outcomes for those who gained a licence. Clients from regional areas were more likely to gain a licence compared to those in urban settings, and were predominantly young and unemployed, often a hard to reach cohort. Future licensing programs being delivered in regional areas need integrated pathways into employment opportunities to provide holistic services that address the social and economic challenges faced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KEMACETAN DI SIMPANG CILIWUNG TERHADAP DERAJAD PELAYANAN DI SIMPANG PROGRESIF

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Supiyono, Dwi Ratnaningsih, Rudy Ariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Signal Coordination ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle Density ◽  
Arterial Road ◽  
Intersection Area ◽  
Light Signals ◽  
The City

Abstract Highway in Malang there that needs to be analyzed is Intersections Letjend S. Parman Street – Ciliwung Street and Letjend Sutoyo Street – Letjend Selorejo. The road is an arterial road in the city of Malang with a high vehicle density level (Saputra, 2013). The Street was a high traffic flow led to queues or long saturated flow that is not supported by the settings of the light signals in accordance with the conditions in the field so often causes congestion. From finding a solution the traffic density in the study Letjend S Parman Street – Ciliwung Street and Letjend Sutoyo Street – Letjend Selorejo with Indonesia Highway Capasity Manual (IHCM). After stages 3-signal coordination calculation in Ciliwung Intersection of Malang, Intersection obtained time peak hours at the intersection area occurred at 11.00 – 12.00 GMT. Performance 3-waay junction on the Ciliwung Malang at this time has not met the target. Seen from there is still a Degree of Saturation (DS) which do not meet the targets ( ≤ 0,75), namely 0,83. After having don e engineering into 3 phases and cycle time 100 minutes Degree of Saturation (DS) be 0,77. Keywords: intersection, peak hours, capacity and degree saturation

scholarly journals A framework for automatically visualizing and recommending efficient routes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Stefan Fuest ◽  
Monika Sester
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Altruistic Behavior ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
The Road ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
Route Choice Behavior ◽  
Actual Shape ◽  
Algorithmic Approaches

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Due to an increasing traffic density in urban environments, the traffic management as well as the society needs to face various problems including congestion, air pollution or a higher probability of accidents. Therefore, it is getting more important to make road users aware of efficient route alternatives to obtain a better distribution of the traffic flow. Since the time for making route decisions is usually limited, the visualization of the information, which should be conveyed, needs to be prepared in a very clear and easily understandable format. In this approach, we propose a framework for automatically visualizing route efficiency based on various environmentally relevant scenarios. Our methods used to create the map visualizations are based on human perception of space, in order to communicate routes and traffic-related situations more intuitively. That is, humans are assumed to mentally abstract the geographic space using various types of distortions rather than perceiving the environment in its actual shape. Based on these concepts, we argue that a perception-based representation of the route, as well as the visual communication of temporary disturbances may not only simplify the navigation process, but also supports an awareness for the current traffic dynamics, which thus may influence route choice behavior towards a more altruistic behavior. In this paper, we further present two algorithmic approaches for automatically abstracting the geometry of a route in more detail, using cartographic generalization techniques - to present the road network in a way, how it might be perceived based on a certain traffic situation.</p>

scholarly journals COVID-19 Social Media Information and Misinformation: a Geospatial Analysis of Inter-regional Tweet Disparities in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richmond Takyi Hinneh ◽  
Alex Barimah Owusu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
False Information ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Precautionary Measures

Abstract BackgroundIn an era of the global pandemic and social media dominance, trying to control the narrative on COVID-19 has been a challenging task for most governments particularly with news about the disease on various social media platforms. There have even been instances where people have sent false information about the number of confirmed cases, precautionary measures, drugs that boost the immune system which can threaten the lives of some users who are accessing this false information and misconceptions.Method This study analyzed spatial differences in Twitter misinformation on COVID-19 across 16 regions of Ghana by scraping 1,167 tweets from Twitter using API access. A total of 514 tweets were analyzed. The data were categorized into three namely; accurate information, misinformation, and other information. ResultsThe study results show that 72% of the tweets were accurate, 14% were misinformation and 14% represented other information. Among the regions, Greater Accra had the highest number of accurate information (45 tweets), and the Upper West Region recording the highest number of misinformation (12 tweets).ConclusionSpatial monitoring and management of information dissemination are useful for target setting and achievement of direct results in terms of diffusing misinformation and propagating accurate information. We, therefore, recommend official usage of Twitter for COVID-19 information dissemination as this usage will help offset possible misinformation from unformed individuals.

scholarly journals STUDI PERENCANAAN TEBAL PERKERASAN KONSTRUKSI JALAN RAYA (MENGGUNAKAN METODE BINA MARGA) PADA RUAS JALAN UMASUKAER DI KABUPATEN MALAKA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Philipus Resato Nahak ◽  
Yosef Cahyo ◽  
Sigit Winarto
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
The Road ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Data Survey ◽  
Pavement Thickness

The increase in traffic volume will cause a decrease in service due to decreased road capacity due to an increase in side constraints and due to the increase in traffic volume itself, which will ultimately cause the level of road saturation to increase. The situation occurred in the Umasukaer road section of the Malacca Regency. Therefore it is necessary to address improvements in the quality of the road in order to meet the feasibility of transportation facilities by taking into account the existing technical requirements. The results of planning found that through the 2015 LHR survey data with a prediction of an increase in traffic density of 6% per year, the LHR was obtained with a planned age of 7 years = 2540.7 vehicles/day/department and a 20-year plan life LHR = 5419.1 ked/day / major. The results of a gradual construction planning pavement study can be concluded that the planning model that has been designed is effective in strengthening road construction in accordance with existing technical requirements and efficient in terms of financing. The final results of gradual construction pavement thickness results are: Ashburton thickness (MS 744) = 8 cm, Ashburton (MS 744) = 13 cm, broken stone (CBR 100) = 20 cm, Sirtu (CBR 50) = 10 cm and CBR subgrade 5%. Pertambahan volume lalu lintas akan menyebabkan penurunan layanan diakibatkan menurunnya kapasitas jalan karena adanya peningkatan hambatan samping maupun karena beratambahnya volume lalu lintas itu sendiri yang pada akhirnya akan meyebabkan tingkat kejenuhan jalan meningkat. Keadaan tersebut terjadi ruas jalan Umasukaer Kabupaten Malaka, oleh karena itu perlu adanya penanganan perbaikan kualitas jalan agar memenuhi segi kelayakan sarana transportasi dengan memperhatikan syarat-syarat teknik yang ada. Hasil perencanaan didapatkan bahwa melalui data survey LHR tahun 2015 dengan prediksi peningkatan kepadatan lalu lintas sebesar 6% pertahun maka didapatkan LHR dengan umur rencana 7 tahun = 2540,7 kend/hr/jurusan dan LHR umur rencana 20 tahun = 5419,1 ked/hr/jurusan. Hasil studi perencanaan perkerasan konstruksi bertahap dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa model perencaaan yang telah dirancang efektif dalam memperkerasa konstruksi jalan sesuai dengan syarat teknis yang ada serta efisien dalam hal pembiayaan. Hasil akhir tebal perkerasan konstruksi bertahap diperoleh hasil: Ketebalan Asbuton (MS 744) = 8 cm, Asbuton (MS 744) = 13 cm, batu pecah (CBR 100) = 20 cm, Sirtu (CBR 50) = 10 cm dan CBR tanah dasar 5%.

Probabilistic flooding coverage analysis for efficient information dissemination in wireless networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Koufoudakis ◽  
Konstantinos Oikonomou ◽  
Konstantinos Giannakis ◽  
Sonia Aïssa
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Coverage Analysis ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Probabilistic Flooding
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