scholarly journals Noise Reduction Scheme for Parametric Loop Division 3D Wireless Localization Algorithm Based on Extended Kalman Filtering

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanveer Ahmad ◽  
Xue Jun Li ◽  
Boon-Chong Seet
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Outer Region ◽  
Measurement Noise ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Node Degree ◽  
Personal Area Networks ◽  
Extended Kalman Filtering ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Localization Scheme

Thanks to IEEE 802.15.4 defining the operation of low-rate wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs), the door is open for localizing sensor nodes using tiny, low power digital radios such as Zigbee. In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) localization scheme based on well-known loop invariant for division algorithm. Parametric points are proposed by using the reference anchor points bounded in an outer region named as Parametric Loop Division (PLD) algorithm. Similar to other range-based localization methods, PLD is often influenced by measurement noise which greatly degrades the performance of PLD algorithm. We propose to adopt extended Kalman filtering (EKF) to refine node coordinates to mitigate the measurement noise. We provide an analytical framework for the proposed scheme and find the lower bound for its localization accuracy. Simulation results show that compared with the existing PLD algorithm, our technique always achieves better positioning accuracy regardless of network topology, communication radius, noise statistics, and the node degree of the network. The proposed scheme PLD-EKF provides an average localization accuracy of 0.42 m with a standard deviation of 0.26 m.

Implementation and evaluation of a laser scan localization scheme for sensor nodes

Sensor Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Shugong Wei
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Localization System ◽  
Localization Scheme ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Sensor Locations

Purpose In this paper, an experimental apparatus was designed and subsequent theoretical analysis and simulations were conducted on the effectiveness and advantages of a novel laser beam scan localization (BLS) system. Design/methodology/approach The system used a moving location assistant (LA) with a laser beam, through which the deployed area was scanned. The laser beam sent identity documents (IDs) to unknown nodes to obtain the sensor locations. Findings The results showed that the system yielded significant benefits compared with other localization methods, and a high localization accuracy could be achieved without the aid of expensive hardware on the sensor nodes. Furthermore, four positioning mode features in this localization system were realized and compared. Originality/value In this paper, an experimental apparatus was designed and subsequent theoretical analysis and simulations were conducted on the effectiveness and advantages of a novel laser BLS system. The system used a moving LA with a laser beam, through which the deployed area was scanned. The laser beam sent IDs to unknown nodes to obtain the sensor locations.

scholarly journals A Localization and Tracking Approach in NLOS Environment Based on Distance and Angle Probability Model

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (20) ◽  
pp. 4438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Tian ◽  
Guoliang Wei ◽  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Dianchen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Extended Kalman Filtering ◽  
Optimal Position ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Localization And Tracking ◽  
Non Line Of Sight

In this paper, an optimization algorithm is presented based on a distance and angle probability model for indoor non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments. By utilizing the sampling information, a distance and angle probability model is proposed so as to identify the NLOS propagation. Based on the established model, the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method is employed to reduce the error of distance in the NLOS propagation. In order to reduce the computational complexity, a modified Monte Carlo method is applied to search the optimal position of the target. Moreover, the extended Kalman filtering (EKF) algorithm is introduced to achieve localization. The simulation and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in the improvement of localization accuracy.

scholarly journals Adaptive Fading Extended Kalman Filtering for Mobile Robot Localization Using a Doppler–Azimuth Radar

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 2544
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Yanyang Lu ◽  
Hamid Reza Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Robot Localization ◽  
Localization Problem ◽  
Localization Algorithm ◽  
Extended Kalman Filtering ◽  
Localization Scheme ◽  
Modeling Errors ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the localization problem of a mobile robot equipped with a Doppler–azimuth radar (D–AR) is investigated in the environment with multiple landmarks. For the type (2,0) robot kinematic model, the unknown modeling errors are generally aroused by the inaccurate odometer measurement. Meanwhile, the inaccurate odometer measurement can also give rise to a type of unknown bias for the D–AR measurement. For reducing the influence induced by modeling errors on the localization performance and enhancing the practicability of the developed robot localization algorithm, an adaptive fading extended Kalman filter (AFEKF)-based robot localization scheme is proposed. First, the robot kinematic model and the D–AR measurement model are modified by considering the impact caused by the inaccurate odometer measurement. Subsequently, in the frame of adaptive fading extended Kalman filtering, the way to the addressed robot localization problem with unknown biases is sought out and the stability of the developed AFEKF-based localization algorithm is also discussed. Finally, in order to testify the feasibility of the AFEKF-based localization scheme, three different kinds of modeling errors are considered and the comparative simulations are conducted with the conventional EKF. From the comparative simulation results, it can be seen that the average localization error under the developed AFEKF-based localization scheme is [0.0245m0.0224m0.0039rad]T and the average localization errors using the conventional EKF are [1.0405m2.2700m0.1782rad]T, [0.4963m0.3482m0.0254rad]T and [0.2774m0.3897m0.0353rad]T, respectively, under the three cases of the constant bias, the white Gaussian stochastic bias and the bounded uncertainty bias.

scholarly journals Considerations about energy consumption in sensor nodes over wireless personal area networks using MiWi protocol

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (34) ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
Gustavo Meneses Benavides
Keyword(s):  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Routing Algorithms ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Personal Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Personal Area Networks ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
Collection Strategies

Adopting techniques to increase operation time of battery-powered sensor nodes in wireless networks is necessary when implementing practical monitoring applications intended to run over extended periods of time. Energy harvesting; DC-DC converter techniques; and features of modern microcontrollers like extreme lower consumption, Sleep and Idle states, can contribute to improve the performance of network nodes. Designers can also use the possibilities offered by special protocols for wireless sensor networks, routing algorithms, and data aggregation plus collection strategies. Issues related to the process of design and implementation of an energy-efficient sensor node operating under IEEE 802.15.4-compliant MiWi protocol from Microchip® Technology are presented. Operating tests were conducted in different hardware/firmware scenarios in order to verify the changes in node’s performance depending on the adopted configuration.

scholarly journals Development of an extended topology-based lightweight cryptographic scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 155014772095167
Author(s):  
Walter Tiberti ◽  
Federica Caruso ◽  
Luigi Pomante ◽  
Marco Pugliese ◽  
Marco Santic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Personal Area Networks ◽  
Research Activity

Among the classes of wireless personal area networks, a wireless sensor network typically refers to a versatile and densely distributed sensing platform that enables the support of a wide variety of application domains. Among the various technical challenges addressed by more than one decade of research in wireless sensor networks, security across wireless links is by far one of the most critical ones and relates to the need of guaranteeing reliability and trustiness of the collected data. This article deals with the cryptographic aspects involved in securing wireless sensor networks, in terms of confidentiality and authentication. In particular, moving from some results previously achieved in our research activity, this article extends a cryptography scheme in order to better comply with the security requirements that arise from real-world wireless sensor network installations. The proposed scheme, called topology-authenticated key scheme 2, takes advantage of hybrid cryptography to provide security in the presence of resource-constrained sensor nodes using topology-authenticated keys to provide increased robustness to the scheme itself. The proposed extensions provide full practical support to star-topology wireless sensor networks and the article presents also some experimental results obtained by implementing the scheme on two different wireless sensor network platforms available for protocol stacks compliant with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Fuzzy System Based Cooperative Scalable and Secured Localization Scheme For Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy System ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Mutual Authentication ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Cooperative Localization ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Localization Scheme ◽  
The Impact

Localization entails position estimation of sensor nodes by employing different techniques and mathematical computations. Localizable sensors also form an inherent part in the functioning of IoT devices and robotics. In this article, the author extends1 a novel scheme for node localization implemented using a hybrid fuzzy logic system to trace the node locations inside the deployment region, presented by the Abhishek Kumar et. al. The results obtained were then optimized using Gauss Newton Optimization to improve the localization accuracy by 50% to 90% vis-à-vis weighted centroid and other fuzzy based localization algorithms. This article attempts to scale the proposed scheme for large number of sensor nodes to emulate somewhat real world scenario by introducing cooperative localization in previous presented work. The study also analyses the effectiveness of such scaling by comparing the localization accuracy. In next section, the article incorporates security in the proposed cooperative localization approach to detect malicious nodes/anchors by mutual authentication using El Gamel digital Signature scheme. A detailed study of the impact of incorporating security and scaling on average processing time and localization coverage has also been performed. The processing time increased by a factor of 2.5s for 500 nodes (can be attributed to more number of iterations and computations and large deployment area with small radio range of nodes) and coverage remained almost equal, albeit slightly low by a factor of 1% to 2%. Apart from these, the article also discusses the impact of adding extra functionalities in the proposed hybrid fuzzy system based localization scheme on processing time and localization accuracy. Lastly, this study also briefs about how the proposed scalable, cooperative and secure localization scheme tackles the type of attacks that pose threat to localization.

scholarly journals An Anchor-Free Localization Scheme with Kalman Filtering in ZigBee Sensor Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teijiro Isokawa ◽  
Shun Motomura ◽  
Junya Ohtsuka ◽  
Hironobu Kawa ◽  
Satoshi Nakashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
Quality Indicator ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Location Estimation ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Hop Count ◽  
Localization Scheme ◽  
Link Quality Indicator

A localization scheme for wireless sensor networks is proposed and its performances are investigated in this paper. The proposed scheme is an anchor-free scheme, in which no geometrical information of sensor nodes is required for their localization. Thus, only local interaction among sensor nodes is used to estimate their locations. This scheme employs the link quality indicator and hop count between sensor nodes for location estimation. A weighted averaging and Kalman filtering schemes are incorporated in order to reduce the effects of the measurement errors in the obtained values of the link quality indicator. We performed experiments by implementing the proposed scheme on ZigBee sensor modules. The results of our experiments indicate that estimation could be successfully performed for networks comprising four sensor nodes.

A Comparative Study of Computational Intelligence Algorithms for Sensor Localization

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-236
Author(s):  
Vaishali R. Kulkarni ◽  
Veena Desai ◽  
Raghavendra Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Firefly Algorithm ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
Localization Error ◽  
Location Awareness ◽  
Cultural Algorithm ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Multi Stage

Background & Objective: Location of sensors is an important information in wireless sensor networks for monitoring, tracking and surveillance applications. The accurate and quick estimation of the location of sensor nodes plays an important role. Localization refers to creating location awareness for as many sensor nodes as possible. Multi-stage localization of sensor nodes using bio-inspired, heuristic algorithms is the central theme of this paper. Methodology: Biologically inspired heuristic algorithms offer the advantages of simplicity, resourceefficiency and speed. Four such algorithms have been evaluated in this paper for distributed localization of sensor nodes. Two evolutionary computation-based algorithms, namely cultural algorithm and the genetic algorithm, have been presented to optimize the localization process for minimizing the localization error. The results of these algorithms have been compared with those of swarm intelligence- based optimization algorithms, namely the firefly algorithm and the bee algorithm. Simulation results and analysis of stage-wise localization in terms of number of localized nodes, computing time and accuracy have been presented. The tradeoff between localization accuracy and speed has been investigated. Results: The comparative analysis shows that the firefly algorithm performs the localization in the most accurate manner but takes longest convergence time. Conclusion: Further, the cultural algorithm performs the localization in a very quick time; but, results in high localization error.

scholarly journals Duty Cycle Control Method Considering Buffer Occupancy for IEEE 802.15.4-Compliant Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1362
Author(s):  
Kohei Tomita ◽  
Nobuyoshi Komuro
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Buffer Occupancy ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Analytical Expressions

This paper proposes a Duty-Cycle (DC) control method in order to improve the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) for IEEE 802.15.4-compliant heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The proposed method controls the DC so that the buffer occupancy of sensor nodes is less than 1 and assigns DC to each sub-network (sub-network means a network consisting of a router node and its subordinate nodes). In order to use the appropriate DC of each sub-network to obtain the high PDR, this paper gives analytical expressions of the buffer occupancy. The simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a reasonable delay and energy consumption while maintaining high PDR.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document