scholarly journals Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Serum Adhesion Molecules, and Serum Oxidative Stress in Patients with Acute Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 985
Author(s):  
Hung-Chen Wang ◽  
Pei-Ming Wang ◽  
Yu-Tsai Lin ◽  
Nai-Wen Tsai ◽  
Yun-Ru Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acute Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule 1

Background: Serum concentrations of adhesion molecules and oxidative stress is thought to participate in the pathobiology of secondary brain injury after acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). We aimed to study the hypothesis that hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) both improves the adhesion molecules levels and antioxidant capacity. Methods: Thirty blood samples from ten patients after acute TBI were obtained after injury and before and after HBOT. Four patients received early HBOT started two weeks after injury, four patients received late HBOT started ten weeks after injury and two patients did not receive HBOT and served as control in this study. The HBOT patients received total 30 times HBOT in six weeks period. Results: Those serum biomarkers in patients with TBI had not significantly difference in glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), soluble intercellular cell adhesion-molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) concentrations on admission between early HBOT, late HBOT, and control group (p = 0.916, p = 0.98, p = 0.306, and p = 0.548, respectively). Serum GSH levels were higher at 10 weeks after injury in the early HBOT group than in the late HBOT group and control group (mean, 1.40 μmol/L, 1.16 μmol/L, and 1.05 μmol/L, respectively). Then the serum GSH level was increased at 18 weeks after injury in the late HBOT group (mean, 1.49 μmol/L). However, there was only statistically significant difference at Weeks 18 (p = 0.916, p = 0.463, and p = 0.006, at Week 2, Week 10, and Week 18, respectively). Serum TBARS levels were decreased at 10 weeks after injury in the early HBOT group than in the late HBOT group and control group (mean, 11.21 μmol/L, 17.23 μmol/L, and 17.14 μmol/L, respectively). Then the serum TBARS level was decreased at 18 weeks after injury in the late HBOT group (mean, 12.06 μmol/L). There was statistically significant difference after HBOT (p = 0.98, p = 0.007, and p = 0.018, at Week 2, Week 10, and Week 18, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the three groups on sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels from Week 2 to Week 18. Conclusions: HBOT can improve serum oxidative stress in patients after TBI. These molecules may be added as evaluation markers in clinical practice. Perhaps in the future it may also become part of the treatment of patients after acute traumatic brain injury. Further large-scale study may be warrant.

Association Between Magnesium and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-748
Author(s):  
Ana R.S. de Oliveira ◽  
Kyria J.C. Cruz ◽  
Jennifer B.S. Morais ◽  
Juliana S. Severo ◽  
Jéssica B. Beserra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
And Control

Background: The role of minerals in preventing the generation of oxidative stress in obese individuals has been evaluated. Magnesium is an antioxidant nutrient and a cofactor of enzymes involved in the cell membrane stabilization, attenuating the effects of oxidative stress. Objective: To evaluate the association between magnesium and concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in patients with obesity and eutrophic women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 73 women, divided into two groups: case group (patients with obesity, n=27) and control group (eutrophic women, n=46). Measurements of body mass index and waist circumference were performed. Dietary magnesium intake was assessed by the three-day food record using the NutWin software. Urinary magnesium concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were also determined. Results: Mean values of dietary magnesium intake were 161.59 ± 60.04 and 158.73 ± 31.96 for patients with obesity and control group, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The value of urinary excretion of magnesium was lower than the reference values in both groups, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The plasma concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly higher in patients with obesity compared to the control group (p <0.001). There was no correlation between levels of magnesium biomarkers and the concentration of TBARS (p >0.05). Conclusion: Patients with obesity showed a reduced dietary magnesium intake which seems to induce hypomagnesuria as a compensatory mechanism. The marker of oxidative stress evaluated in this study was not influenced by magnesium.

scholarly journals Sleep Disorders Following Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laith Al-Ameri ◽  
Talib Mohsin ◽  
Ali Abdul Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sleeping Disorders ◽  
Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Significant Difference

(1) Background: Sleeping disorders are frequently reported following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Different forms of sleeping disorders have been reported, such as sleepiness, insomnia, changes in sleeping latency, and others. (2) Methods: A case-control study with 62 patients who were victims of mild or moderate TBI with previous admissions to Iraqi tertiary neurosurgical centers were enrolled as the first group, and 158 patients with no history of trauma were considered as the control. All were 18 years of age or older, and the severity of the trauma and sleep disorders was assessed. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index was used to assess sleep disorders with average need for sleep per day and average sleep latency were assessed in both groups. Chi-square and t-test calculations were used to compare different variables. (3) Results: 39 patients (24.7%) of the controlled group experienced sleeping disorders compared to TBI group with 45 patients (72.6%), P-value < 0.00001. A total of 42 patients were diagnosed on admission as having a mild degree of TBI (mean GCS 13.22 ± 1.76) and 20 patients were diagnosed with moderate TBI (mean GCS11.05 ± 1.14. 27). A total of 27 (46.28%) patients with mild severity TBI and 18 patients (90%) of moderate severity were considered to experience sleeping disorders, P-value 0.0339. Each of the mild and moderate TBI subgroups show a P-value < 0.00001 compared to the control group. Average sleep hours needed per day for TBI and the control were 8.02 ± 1.04 h and 7.26 ± 0.58 h, respectively, P-value < 0.00001. Average sleep latency for the TBI and the control groups were 13.32 ± 3.16 min and 13.93 ± 3.07 min respectively, P-value 0.065. (4) Conclusion: Sleep disturbances are more common following mild and moderate TBI three months after the injury with more hours needed for sleep per day and no significant difference in sleep latency. Sleep disturbances increase in frequency with the increase in the severity of TBI.

Probable antioxidant therapy of Saffron Crocin in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-521
Author(s):  
Sara Ami Ahmadi ◽  
Azin Kazemi ◽  
Mohammadmahdi Sabahi ◽  
Shahab Razipour ◽  
Arash Salehipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Damages ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
And Control

Introduction and Aim: Multiple Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurological condition  might emerge as a result ofcomplex combination of genetic risk factors with environmental triggers, including oxidative stress. in this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of oral Crocin on oxidative stress in patients with MS.  Materials and Methods: Adjunct to standard treatment, the Crocin group (20 patients) received 30-mg/day (15 mg twice daily) dose of Crocin and placebo group (20 patients) received for 4 weeks. Saliva and urine samples were collected to determine the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase activity (CAT), total thiol groups (TTG), lipid peroxidation (LPO), were measured at baseline and the end of the study.   Results: At baseline, there were no significant differences of LPO, TAC, CAT, and TTG of urine between the control and case groups. However, a significant difference was found after 4 weeks of Crocin-therapy in TTG,TAC and LPO (p<0.05) except in CAT activity (P>0.05). We found no deffrence in urinary TTG level and CAT activity in control group at the end of intervention (P>0.05), while TAC and LPO level were significantly different at the end of the study as compared with the beginning (P<0.05). Althugh, we found no significant difference in saliva LPO, TTG and TAC levels and the activity of CAT in case and control groups at first (p>0.05), Crocin administration have resulted in a significant increase in saliva TTG and TAC levels as well as CAT activity and markedly decrease in LPO level (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, Crocin can significantly reduce the several oxidative stress factors in MS patients and may contributes to attenuates the oxidative damages.

scholarly journals Comparison of Oxidant-Antioxidant Status in Patients with Vitiligo and Healthy Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Agrawal ◽  
A Kumar ◽  
TK Dhali ◽  
SK Majhi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Destruction Of Melanocytes ◽  
And Control

Background Vitiligo is a well-recognized pigmentary disorder of the skin and /or mucous membrane characterized by circumscribed ivory or chalky white macules devoid of identifiable melanocytes. The pathogenesis of vitiligo is complex and still not well understood. According to autocytotoxic hypothesis, oxidative stress has been suggested to be the initial pathogenic event in melanocyte degeneration. The role of free radicals and oxidative damage in the pathophysiology of vitiligo has been documented in recent studies.Objective To evaluate the role of oxidative stress in patients with vitiligo and of healthy controls by measuring levels of the oxidant malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidants vitamin C and vitamin E in serum and catalase (CAT) in erythrocytes.Method A total of 80 clinically diagnosed cases of vitiligo and 80 control subjects were included in the study to assess the activity of MDA, vitamin C and vitamin E in serum and CAT in erythrocytes of patients and controls by using the spectrophotometric assay.Result There was statistically significant increase in the levels of MDA in patients with vitiligo compared to the control group (p<0.001). No significant difference was found in the levels of vitamin C (p=0.411) and vitamin E (p=0.771) between the patients with vitiligo and control group. The levels of CAT in the vitiligo patients were found to be significantly lower than those of controls (p<0.001).Conclusion Increased oxidative stress and decreased catalase have been observed in vitiligo patients and the data suggesting that the free radicals may be involved in the destruction of melanocytes or dysregulation of melanogenesis.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(2) 2014: 132-136

scholarly journals The possibilities of pharmacological correction of ademol oxidative stress in rates with traumatic brain injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
S. I. Semenenko
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Amantadine Sulfate

Annotation. An important measure of intensive care in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the use of pharmacotherapeutic agents with antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ademol compared with amantadine sulfate and 0.9% NaCl solution on the course of oxidative stress in the brain of TBI rats. The experiments were performed on 28 white male rats weighing 160-190 g. The experimental TBI model of severe severity was caused by the action of a carbon dioxide flow under pressure created using a gas balloon pneumatic gun. The therapeutic effect of ademol on model TBI was evaluated with a 2 mg/kg dose. The pseudoperated animals and control group received a 0.9% solution of NaCl and amantadine sulfate at a dose of 2 ml/kg and 5 mg/kg i/v. Data were processed using StatPlus 2009. We used the parametric criterion of t-Student, non-parametric criterion of W. White, paired criterion Ť. Wilcoxon, Fisher's angular transformation at p <0,05. In the course of the experiment, it was found that treatment of rats with TBI ademol leads to a decrease in the activity of lipid peroxidation and oxidative degradation of proteins (p<0.05) and promotes the normalization of the activity of antioxidant enzymes in cells of traumatically damaged brain (p<0.05). The use of ademol compared to amantadine sulfate and 0.9% NaCl solution was accompanied by a more significant decrease in the activity of lipid peroxidation and oxidative degradation of proteins and an improvement in the level of antioxidant enzymes in damaged brain of animals with TBI (p<0.05).

scholarly journals Effect of Right Median Nerve Stimulation on Level of Consciousness in Traumatic Brain Injury Subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Sirisha Nekkanti ◽  
Rahul Shaik ◽  
Srinivas Mondem ◽  
Nandini Meruva ◽  
Gunathevan Elumalai
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coma Scale ◽  
Median Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Experimental Group

<p class="Default"><strong>Background</strong>: The median nerve serves a peripheral gateway to the central nervous system. Median nerve stimulation is positively associated with regaining the level of consciousness in patients with traumatic brain injury, but the level of evidence is still a research question. So the purpose of the study is to find out the effectiveness of right median nerve stimulation on the level of consciousness and the relation between them in subjects with traumatic brain injury.<strong> Methodology: </strong>Twenty subjects with traumatic brain injury of axonal type were selected for study and randomized into two groups. Experimental group received right median nerve stimulation along with medications where as control group received medications only one month, 30 minutes a day. Glasgow coma scale is used to assess the changes in conscious levels<strong>. Result: </strong>The results have revealed that there is significance improvement noted in experimental group when compared to control group. Comparison  of Glassgow coma scale scores between experimental and control groups after one month showed significant difference with a P value 0.0261.<strong> Conclusion: </strong>Right median nerve stimulation is strongly associated with improvement of consciousness in patients with traumatic brain injury.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the correction of consequences of minor traumatic brain injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
I. V. Litvinenko ◽  
A. A. Yurin
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neuropsychological Examination ◽  
General Weakness ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Minor Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
And Control

Purpose. To evaluate therapeutic options of rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of consequences of minor traumatic brain injury.Materials and methods. A neuropsychological examination using standard scales for assessing cognitive functions, as well as the Beck depression inventory, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the MFI-20 multidimensional fatigue inventory was performed on patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and complaints of decreased memory, attention, general weakness and fatigue. Patients were split into two groups. Active group (24 patients) received rhythmic TMS besides standard treatment (neurometabolic, nootropic) while control group (23 patients) received only standard therapy. After the treatment course, the reassessment of neuropsychological examination with the following statistic processing was performed.Study results. Comparison of treatment results in the active and control groups showed the highest efficacy of rTMS in the treatment of depression (p=0,016), anxiety (p=0,001) and in fatigue lowering (p=0,017) in patients with consequences of minor TBI.Conclusion. The data obtained from the study point the high efficacy of treatment of consequences of minor TBI by means of rTMS that displays in lowering of fatigue, anxiety, and depression severity when using.

Evaluation of oxidant and antioxidant status in infants with hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1751-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Doğan ◽  
Erdal Peker ◽  
Ercan Kirimi ◽  
Ertan Sal ◽  
Sinan Akbayram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Sulfhydryl Group ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Group 1

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine oxidant and antioxidant status in infants with hyperbilirubinemia and/or kernicterus and to find whether there is a relationship between bilirubin level and oxidant/antioxidant status. Patients: The study includes 69 full-term newborns (neonates with hyperbilirubinemia needing phototherapy [Group 1, n = 36] and neonates with kernicterus [Group 2, n = 33]) and 25 age-matched healthy newborn. Results: Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and serum total oxidant status (TOS) were significantly higher in Groups 1 and 2 than the control group. There was a significant difference between Group 1 and control cases for malondialdehyde (MDA; p < 0.001). Total free sulfhydryl group (TTHI) values were significantly elevated in Group 1 compared to Group 2 and control cases. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between total bilirubin (TB) and TAC, TOS, MDA and oxidative stress index may be expressed by a quadratic curve. After phototherapy, a statistically significant increase in nitrite level was observed. Conclusion: We demonstrated that the relationship between serum TB and antioxidants and oxidative stress could be expressed by a quadratic correlation curve.

Serum adhesion molecules, outcome and neuro-psychological function in acute traumatic brain injury patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Chen Wang ◽  
Pei-Ming Wang ◽  
Yu-Jun Lin ◽  
Aij-Lie Kwan ◽  
Wei-Che Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
Acute Traumatic Brain Injury

scholarly journals Effect of preoperative antiplatelet or anticoagulation therapy on hemorrhagic complications in patients with traumatic brain injury undergoing craniotomy or craniectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. E3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladina Greuter ◽  
Muriel Ullmann ◽  
Luigi Mariani ◽  
Raphael Guzman ◽  
Jehuda Soleman
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bleeding Events ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVETraumatic brain injury (TBI) is common among the elderly, often treated with antiplatelet (AP) or anticoagulation (AC) therapy, creating new challenges in neurosurgery. In contrast to elective craniotomy, in which AP/AC therapy is mostly discontinued, in TBI usually no delay in treatment can be afforded. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of AP/AC therapy on postoperative bleeding after craniotomy/craniectomy in TBI.METHODSPostoperative bleeding rates in patients treated with AP/AC therapy (blood thinner group) and in those without AP/AC therapy (control group) were retrospectively compared. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for postoperative bleeding. Lastly, a proportional Cox regression analysis comparing postoperative bleeding events within 14 days in both groups was performed.RESULTSOf 143 consecutive patients undergoing craniotomy/craniectomy for TBI between 2012 and 2017, 47 (32.9%) were under AP/AC treatment. No significant difference for bleeding events was observed in univariate (40.4% blood thinner group vs 36.5% control group; p = 0.71) or Cox proportional regression analysis (log rank χ2 = 0.29, p = 0.59). Patients with postoperative bleeding showed a significantly higher mortality rate (p = 0.035). In the univariate analysis, hemispheric lesion, acute subdural hematoma, hematological disease, greater extent of midline shift, and pupillary difference were significantly associated with a higher risk of postoperative bleeding. However, in the multivariate regression analysis none of these factors showed a significant association with postoperative bleeding.CONCLUSIONSPatients treated with AP/AC therapy undergoing craniotomy/craniectomy due to TBI do not appear to have increased rates of postoperative bleeding. Once postoperative bleeding occurs, mortality rates rise significantly.

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